BSA载体蛋白抗体的去除

为了去除抗血清中BSA载体蛋白产生的抗体,一根对BSA载体蛋白抗体高度特异性的亲和柱被构建。结果表明：所构建的亲和柱对BSA载体蛋白抗体具高度特异性和亲和力,能有效地去除BSA载体蛋白产生的抗体。     

hCGβ-CTP37多聚体的表达、纯化及其多克隆抗体的制备

目的:研究重组hCGβCTP₃7(CTP)多聚体编码基因在大肠杆菌BL21中的表达及表达产物多克隆抗体的制备。方法:分别将3、4个CTP编码基因通过串联的方式连接起来组成多聚体编码基因,进而将多聚体基因亚克隆入载体pGEX4T2中获得含目的基因的表达质粒pGEX4T2(CTP)n(n=3,4)。表达质粒转入大肠杆菌BL21,目的蛋白在IPTG诱导下进行表达。表达产物经谷胱甘肽转硫酶(GST)亲和层析柱纯化、凝血酶酶解去除GST后,获得多肽CTP₃和CTP₄。将其用于免疫家兔以制备多克隆抗体,并用ELISA法检测抗体滴度。结果:菌株经IPTG诱导后产生了大量可溶性的融合蛋白GSTCTPn(n=3,4),SDSPAGE分析表明融合蛋白GSTCTP₃和GSTCTP₄的表观分子量分别为38.0kDa和42.2kDa,纯化后的融合蛋白的纯度达到了90%以上;纯化的融合蛋白经牛凝血酶酶解,利用制备型SDSPAGE纯化,回收获得的多肽CTP₃和CTP₄的纯度均大于80%;将多肽CTP₃和CTP₄多次免疫家兔后,ELISA检测结果证实产生了滴度较高的多克隆抗体。结论:CTP多聚体能刺激家兔产生特异性抗体,这提示CTP多聚体有可能作为避孕疫苗或肿瘤疫苗的免疫原。     

免疫亲和层析法分离纯化含次黄嘌呤核苷mRNA

采用免疫亲和层析法分离纯化含次黄嘌呤核苷的mRNA(I-mRNA）。将Poly-I与BSA交联,并用Poly-I-BSA交联体免疫家兔,获取抗次黄呤核苷抗血清,斑点印迹法检测到该抗体滴度高、选择性强,将抗次黄嘌呤核苷抗体与蛋白A Sapharose交联,并制备抗体亲和层析柱。将小鼠肺mRNA上样于层析柱,淋洗层析柱后,用洗脱液洗脱I－mRNA,并以斑点印迹法在洗脱液中检测到很强的I－mRNA阳性信号;淋洗液中I－mRNA阳性信号的强度则随淋洗液体积的增加而减弱。以上结果表明,应用本方法可以有效分离得到含次黄嘌呤核苷的mRNA。     

脱落酸人工抗原合成及多克隆抗体制备

目的:为了对植物细胞中的脱落酸(ABA)进行定量和定位分析,研究了脱落酸人工抗原的合成以及多克隆抗体的制备。方法:用重氮化法将ABA分别与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)、卵清白蛋白(OVA)联结,得到ABA的免疫抗原和包被抗原,并采用紫外全波长扫描和SDS-PAGE对合成的抗原进行了鉴定。以经过鉴定的抗原免疫白兔,制备出ABA的多克隆抗体;采用间接酶联免疫法(ELISA)对抗血清进行效价检测,通过离子交换层析法获得纯化的抗体。结果:ABA与BSA的平均偶联比为5.3∶1,抗血清效价为1∶16000。结论:人工抗原和多克隆抗体制备成功,为采用ELISA和免疫胶体金技术(ICG)检测ABA提供了有效工具。     

采用杆状病毒/昆虫表达系统纯化蛋白制备抗hUTP14a多克隆抗体

为制备兔抗人hUTP14a多克隆抗体并鉴定其抗体的特异性,本研究通过杆状病毒/昆虫表达系统制备并纯化Flag-hUTP14a-his蛋白,免疫新西兰家兔。ELISA方法检测免疫兔的抗血清滴度达到1∶10~5(体积比)时取血清,并通过Protein A免疫亲和层析柱纯化抗体。在人脐静脉内皮细胞(human umbilical vein endothelial cells,HUVEC)中过表达Flag-hUTP14a,或用小干扰RNA(small interference RNA, siRNA)沉默内源的hUTP14a蛋白表达后,提取细胞总蛋白质。经Western印迹分析制备的多克隆抗体的特异性;通过细胞免疫化学染色、细胞免疫荧光、免疫组织化学染色和免疫沉淀(immunoprecipitation, IP)实验对hUTP14a抗体的特异性进行鉴定。研究证实,制备的抗hUTP14a多克隆抗体能够特异性识别内源及外源表达的hUTP14a蛋白。该抗体可以用于细胞免疫荧光、细胞免疫化学染色、免疫组织化学染色、Western印迹及免疫沉淀等技术,为进一步研究hUTP14a的生物学功能提供了特异性抗体。     

PBP2a多克隆抗体制备及其乳胶凝集检测法的建立

目的制备兔抗青霉素结合蛋白2a(penicillin binding protein 2a,PBP2a)抗体,建立检测PBP2a的乳胶凝集法。方法以重组PBP2a转肽酶区蛋白免疫家兔制备多克隆抗体,ELISA和Western blot法检测所制备的抗血清效价和特异性,用纯化的多抗建立乳胶凝集法。结果纯化的重组蛋白免疫家兔能有效地刺激特异性抗体的产生,抗血清的效价达1∶25 600,Western blot显示该抗体能有效识别原核表达及MRSA临床分离株中的PBP2a,建立了乳胶凝集法,敏感性及特异性良好。结论成功制备了抗PBP2a抗体血清,初步建立了检测PBP2a的乳胶凝集法,为有效制备高特异的单克隆抗体进而研制MRSA快速鉴定试剂盒奠定了良好的基础。     

人接头蛋白NRBP的表达、纯化及多克隆抗体制备

目的:制备接头蛋白NRBP的兔多克隆抗体,并检测该抗体的效价及特异性。方法:PCR方法以重组质粒PEF-NRBP为模板,获得NRBP全长及NRBP(1-99Aa)cDNA,构建到原核表达质粒pET-21a及pGEX-6P-1中。分别转入大肠杆菌BL21菌株,IPTG诱导表达后,纯化并鉴定表达产物将其免疫家兔,间接ELISA法及免疫印迹等方法鉴定抗体。结果:成功获得人NRBP的cDNA,构建得到相关的原核表达质粒,在大肠杆菌中可诱导性高表达,纯化后蛋白免疫家兔制备得到的抗血清经ELISA检测为阳性结果,4只免疫家兔的抗体效价约为1:5 200～1:40 000。Western印迹结果显示,该抗体可特异性的识别真核细胞外源性及内源性约60kDa的NRBP蛋白,并且具有较强免疫沉淀能力。结论:NRBP多克隆抗体具有很好的特异性和敏感性,该抗体的成功制备为进一步研究NRBP的功能提供了重要工具。     

诺如病毒NV衣壳蛋白VP1表达纯化及多克隆抗体的制备

目的获得纯化的诺如病毒(NV)衣壳蛋白VP1,免疫动物制备多克隆抗体。方法提取粪便样品中诺如病毒RNA,逆转录得到cDNA文库,通过PCR扩增获取VP1基因序列,构建到大肠埃希菌原核表达系统中诱导表达重组VP1蛋白。使用镍柱亲和层析法对重组蛋白进行纯化,十二烷基磺酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)和考马斯亮蓝法(BSA)对重组蛋白的纯度与浓度进行分析,以重组的VP1蛋白为抗原,免疫雄性SPF级SD大鼠获得多抗血清,用ELISA测定抗体效价、Western blot检测抗体特异性。结果成功地构建出重组表达载体VP1-pET28a,并将其在大肠埃希菌BL21(DE3)中稳定地表达诱导重组蛋白。ELISA测其多抗血清的平均效价为1∶200 000,Western blot检测抗体在原核和真核特异性很高。结论本实验成功地利用原核表达系统表达诺如病毒衣壳蛋白VP1,为进一步研究诺如病毒的诊断和疫苗开发提供了条件。     

利用DNA免疫技术制备SAX蛋白多克隆抗体

骨形态发生蛋白(BMP)属于细胞因子和转化生长因子β(TGF-β)超家族,在胚胎形态发生和器官形成中起重要作用,但目前缺乏BMP信号通路I型受体SAX的各类抗体。本文利用果蝇胚胎提取出总RNA,反转录得到cDNA,将其作为模板通过PCR得到sax基因片段,将片段连接到pCAGGS-P7上,构建成重组质粒pCAGGS-P7-sax。采用质粒DNA免疫技术,免疫了BALB/C小鼠,制备了果蝇SAX蛋白多克隆抗体。进一步分析表明,构建的真核表达重组质粒pCAGGS-P7-saxDNA具有良好的免疫原性,在免疫小鼠后所获得的抗血清抗体效价达1∶100。Western blot和果蝇胚胎免疫荧光检测表明,抗血清能特异型地识别SAX蛋白。果蝇SAX抗体的成功制备为进一步研究sax基因及BMP信号在果蝇心脏发育中的作用奠定了基础。     

基因免疫和蛋白免疫制备抗P16抗血清

蛋白免疫,是传统的抗体制备法,基因免疫是新型的抗体制备法。为了制备抗这Ｐ１６抗血甭以及比较基因免疫和蛋白免疫制备抗体,分别以融合谷胱甘肽２－转移酶－Ｐ１６５和克隆有ｐ１６肿瘤抑制基因相关ｃＤＮＡ的裸露真核表达载体ｐＣＭＶ－ｐ１６经皮内多点注射接种家兔,制备抗Ｐ１６抗血清,Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ印迹法检测到蛋白免疫的抗Ｐ１６抗血清滴度为１：６２５,明显高于基因免疫制备的Ｐ１６抗血清滴度。     

Characterization of 11-dehydro-thromboxane B2 recombinant antibody obtained by phage display technology

Recombinant monoclonal antibodies specific for 11-dehydro-thromboxane B(2) (11D-TX) were isolated from the combinatorial libraries on a pComb3 phage-display vector using a magnetic cell sorting (MACS) system. The libraries were constructed from repertories of light and heavy-chains derived from the total RNA of 11D-TX conjugated keyhole limpet haemocyanin-immunized mice. Biotinylation of 11D-TX conjugated bovine serum albumin (BSA) was performed through free thiol groups on BSA using 1-biotinamido-4-[4'-(maleimidomethyl) cyclohexanecarboxamido] butane (Biotin-BMCC). Affinity bio-panning was performed to enrich the phage display libraries against biotinylated 11D-TX conjugated BSA with the MACS system. Results indicated that the selected anti-11D-TX Fab fragments expressed by E. coli exhibited a five-fold higher affinity for BSA conjugated 11D-TX compared to BSA alone and little specificity to other related compounds as determined by the binding assay and inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). This is the first report of an antibody against prostaglandin produced by phage display technology and also determination of the DNA sequence of this antibody. The MACS system was shown to be a simpler and more efficient method of panning than the conventional ELISA procedure. According to our results, we concluded that the phage display technique combined with the MACS system allowed the selection of the antibody with high affinity and some specificity.     

The Additive Effect of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 on γ-Irradiated Bone Marrow in Mice

Irradiation from γ-rays can cause severe damage to bone marrow and hematopoietic tissues. Presently, the most effective method available to treat severe hematopoietic injury is a bone marrow transplant (BMT). Allogeneic BMT is a difficult technique to perform due to the differences in human leukocyte antigen proteins between the donor and recipient, with acute graft-versus-host disease being a major complication of the technique. This limits the widespread applicability of allogeneic BMT. To develop a novel treatment for acute hematopoietic damage, we transplanted bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into recipient mice and treated them with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP2) to investigate whether MSCs and rhBMP2 could additively promote the restoration of hematopoietic function. MSCs are vital components of the hematopoietic microenvironment that supports hematopoiesis, and bone morphogenic protein is a key factor in hematopoiesis. The 30-day survival rate as well as the numbers of nucleated cells, bone marrow colony-forming unit-granulocyte macrophages, spleen colony-forming units and peripheral blood cells were enumerated. The results showed that, after γ-irradiation and transplantation, MSCs and rhBMP2 additively promoted and improved hematopoietic restoration and function in vivo and in vitro. This additive effect of MSCs and rhBMP2 may one day provide a novel means of treating acute hematopoietic damage.     

表达外源rhBMP2的CHO细胞株稳定性分析

骨形态发生蛋白2(BMP2)属于TGF-β超家族,是诱导成骨活性最强的BMPs之一, 具有广泛的临床应用的前景。本实验室已成功构建高效表达rhBMP2的重组CHO细胞株, 现选取其中一株表达量最高的细胞rCHO(hBMP2)-C8进行长期体外培养, 并在培养过程中比较了添加和去除压力筛选中使用的MTX对细胞生长, rhBMP2基因拷贝数及rhBMP2分泌蛋白表达的影响;检测了该细胞株在无血清培养基中可以连续表达rhBMP2的时间以及培养基中rhBMP2的温度敏感性等等。该研究为进一步采用动物细胞规模化培养技术生产rhBMP2奠定了基础。     

Anti-immunoglobulin antisera used in an ELISA to detect antibodies in barramundi Lates calcarifer to Cryptocaryon irritans.

Immunoglobulins (Ig) in serum from barramundi vaccinated with bovine serum albumin (BSA) were purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation and affinity chromatography using BSA as the ligand. The BSA-binding activity of eluted putative Ig fractions was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) before being pooled and characterised by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Double affinity purification did not improve the purity of the Ig preparation compared to single affinity purification. Barramundi Ig were injected into sheep to produce anti-Ig antisera which were assessed in an indirect ELISA as the secondary antibody to detect serum Ig in barramundi vaccinated with Cryptocaryon irritans theronts. Affinity-purified Ig induced a more specific reagent for use as secondary antibody in ELISA than did normal whole-barramundi sera. The heavy (H) chain of barramundi Ig had an apparent molecular weight of 70 kDa while that of the light (L) chain was 27 kDa in SDS-PAGE studies. Under non-reducing conditions 2 putative populations of Ig were identified, at 768 and 210 kDa. The N-terminal sequence of the barramundi Ig H chain showed 78% homology with channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Ig H chain sequence.     

Cell-free translation of the vitamin K-dependent bone protein osteocalcin

The primary gene product of the vitamin K-dependent bone matrix protein, osteocalcin, has been identified by immunoprecipitation of cell-free translated proteins from 4 week rat calvariae mRNA preparations. Peptides of 9.8kd and 12kd, precipitated with a polyclonal affinity selected species specific antibody raised to purified rat osteocalcin, accounted for 1-2% of labelled proteins and were displaced by rat osteocalcin. These studies demonstrate that the 5800 molecular weight osteocalcin is synthesized as a precursor of approximately twice its size. The size of the propeptide, with a molecular weight of 4.3kd, is consistent with other known secreted vitamin K-dependent blood proteins.     

Use of polystyrene-supported 2-isobutoxy-1-isobutoxycarbonyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline for the preparation of a hapten–protein conjugate for antibody development

Polystyrene-supported 2-isobutoxy-1-isobutoxycarbonyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline (PS-IIDQ), a polymer-supported covalent coupling reagent, was successfully employed for the first time in the bioconjugation of an example hapten (phytanic acid derivative) to a carrier protein (bovine serum albumin (BSA)) within the context of immunogen preparation for antibody development. The ability of the prepared example phytanic acid derivative–BSA conjugate to bind an anti-phytanic acid antibody was confirmed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).     

Immune responses to complex protein antigens I. MHC control of immune responses to bovine albumin

Murine T cell proliferative and antibody responses to the multi-determinant protein bovine serum albumin (BSA) are controlled by Ir genes mapping within the H-2 gene complex. Strains possessing the H-2k, H-2a, and H-2d haplotypes are classified as high responders to BSA. In contrast, H-2b strains are low responders to BSA. Genetic mapping experiments employing strains with recombinant H-2 haplotypes indicate that both T cell proliferative and antibody responses are at least in part regulated by genes within the I-A subregion. Studies on the inhibition of T cell proliferation by monoclonal anti-Ia antibodies are consistent with the assignment of an Ir gene for BSA to the I-A subregion and strongly suggest a role for genes within the I-E/C subregions as well. The MHC-mediated control of antibody responses did not affect the affinity or the isotype of the antibody produced. The relative quantities of antibody specific for each of the three domains of BSA appears to be regulated by H-2-linked BSA Ir genes, and domain III antigenic determinants were found to be dominant in the responses of low-responder mice and in the early response of high-responder mice. This domain III epitope dominance essentially disappears by the tertiary response of high-responder mice.     

利用同源蛋白的信号肽和前肽序列在CHO细胞中表达重组人BMP6

BMP6属于TGF-β超家族,具有较强的骨诱导作用。主要利用BMP6自身的信号肽、前肽与成熟肽基因序列构建了表达质粒pcDNA-BMP6;同时利用BMP2的信号肽、前肽与BMP6的成熟肽基因序列构建了表达质粒pcDNA-BMP2/6。将两种质粒分别瞬时转染Cos7细胞,发现质粒pcDNA-BMP2/6表达rhBMP6的效率高于质粒pcDNA-BMP6。然后将质粒pcDNA-BMP2/6与含二氢叶酸还原酶基因(dhfr)的表达质粒共转染dhfr缺陷型的中华仓鼠卵巢(CHO)细胞,经G418筛选、氨甲蝶呤(MTX)介导目的基因扩增、亚克隆后得到表达rhBMP6成熟肽的单克隆细胞株。将表达产物rhBMP6初步纯化后,能诱导前成肌细胞系C2C12向成骨细胞方向转化,显示其具有骨诱导作用。     

Biological evaluation of the bone healing process after application of two potentially osteogenic proteins: an animal experimental model

doi: 10.1111/j.1741‐2358.2011.00526.x
Biological evaluation of the bone healing process after application of two potentially osteogenic proteins: an animal experimental model Objective: The aim of this work was to analyse qualitatively and quantitatively the newly formed bone after insertion of rhBMP‐2 and protein extracted from Hevea brasiliensis (P‐1), associated or not with a carrier in critical bone defects created in Wistar rat calvarial bone, using histological and histomorphometrical analyses. Materials and methods: Eighty‐four male Wistar rats were used, divided into two groups, according to the period of time until the sacrifice (2 and 6 weeks). Each one of these groups was subdivided into six groups with seven animals each, according to the treatments: (1) 5 μg of pure rhBMP‐2, (2) 5 μg of rhBMP‐2/monoolein gel, (3) pure monoolein gel, (4) 5 μg of pure P‐1, (5) 5 μg of P‐1/monoolein gel and (6) critical bone defect controls. The animals were euthanised and the calvarial bone tissue removed for histological and histomorphometrical analyses. Result and conclusion: The results showed an improvement in the bone healing process using the rhBMP‐2 protein, associated or not with a material carrier in relation to the other groups, and this process demonstrated to be time dependent.     

Bone affinity of a bisphosphonate-conjugated protein in vivo

Growth factors capable of stimulating bone formation are potential therapeutic agents for osteoporosis treatment. It is essential, however, that a targeting mechanism is incorporated into the growth factors to deposit them at osseous tissue with minimal distribution to extraskeletal sites. To this end, a strategy has been developed in which a bone-seeking molecule, 1-amino-1,1-diphosphonate methane (aminoBP), was chemically conjugated to a model protein, bovine serum albumin (BSA). This study was carried out to assess the bone affinity of the conjugates in a tibia injection model. Using ovariectomized (OVX) rats, initial (3 h) retention of BSA and aminoBP-BSA were found to be equivalent when injected into the medullary cavity of tibia. After 1 day, an 8- and 12-fold higher tibiae retention of the protein was obtained in normal and OVX rats as a result of aminoBP conjugation. A similar result ( approximately 12-fold difference) was also obtained in OVX rats after 3 days. We concluded that aminoBP conjugation to BSA imparted a high bone affinity and enhanced bone retention of proteins in normal and OVX rats.