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Resistance against Fusarium Head Blight in Transgenic Wheat Plants Expressing the ScNPR1 gene 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1 下载免费PDF全文
Guihong Yu Xu Zhang Jingbao Yao MiaoPing Zhou Hongxiang Ma 《Journal of Phytopathology》2017,165(4):223-231
Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a severe global wheat disease that may cause severe yield losses, especially during epidemic years. Transforming the regulatory genes in the metabolic pathways of disease resistance into wheat via transgenic methods is one way to improve resistance to FHB. ScNPR1 (Secale cereale‐NPR1), a regulatory gene for systemic acquired resistance (SAR), was isolated from S. cereale cv Jingzhouheimai and transformed into the moderately FHB‐susceptible wheat variety Ningmai 13. RT‐PCR analysis indicated that the ScNPR1 gene was stably expressed in transgenic plants. An evaluation of the resistance to FHB revealed that six ScNPR1 transgenic lines (NP1, NP2, NP3, NP4, NP5 and NP6) exhibited significantly higher FHB resistance than the wild‐type wheat Ningmai 13 and the null‐segregated plants. The expression of pathogenesis‐related (PR) genes after Fusarium graminearum inoculation was earlier or higher than those in the wild‐type variety Ningmai 13. The high expression in the early stages of PR genes should account for the enhanced FHB resistance in the transgenic lines. Our results suggest that overexpression of ScNPR1 could be used to improve FHB resistance in wheat. 相似文献
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Novel quantitative trait loci (QTL) for Fusarium head blight resistance in wheat cultivar Chokwang 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Yang J Bai G Shaner GE 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2005,111(8):1571-1579
Fusarium head blight (FHB) is one of the most destructive diseases in wheat. This study was to identify new quantitative trait
loci (QTL) for FHB resistance and the molecular markers closely linked to the QTL in wheat cultivar Chokwang. The primers
of 612 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and 12 target-region-amplified polymorphism (TRAP) marker were analyzed between resistant
(Chokwang) and susceptible (Clark) parents. One hundred and seventy-two polymorphic markers were used to screen a population
of 79 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from the cross of Chokwang and Clark. One major QTL, Qfhb.ksu-5DL1, was identified on chromosome 5DL. The SSR marker Xbarc 239 was mapped in the QTL region, and also physically located to the bin of 5DL1-0.60-0.74 by using Chinese Spring deletion
lines. Another QTL Qfhb.ksu-4BL1was linked to SSR Xbarc 1096 and tentatively mapped on 4BL. A QTL on 3BS, Qfhb.ksu-3BS1, was also detected with marginal significance in this population. Different marker alleles for these QTL were detected between
Chokwang and Sumai 3 and its derivatives. These results suggested that Chokwang contains new QTL for FHB resistance that are
different from those in Sumai 3. Pyramiding resistance QTL from various sources may enhance FHB resistance in wheat cultivars. 相似文献
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Host‐induced gene silencing of an essential chitin synthase gene confers durable resistance to Fusarium head blight and seedling blight in wheat 下载免费PDF全文
Wei Cheng Xiu‐Shi Song He‐Ping Li Le‐Hui Cao Ke Sun Xiao‐Li Qiu Yu‐Bin Xu Peng Yang Tao Huang Jing‐Bo Zhang Bo Qu Yu‐Cai Liao 《Plant biotechnology journal》2015,13(9):1335-1345
Fusarium head blight (FHB) and Fusarium seedling blight (FSB) of wheat, caused by Fusarium pathogens, are devastating diseases worldwide. We report the expression of RNA interference (RNAi) sequences derived from an essential Fusarium graminearum (Fg) virulence gene, chitin synthase (Chs) 3b, as a method to enhance resistance of wheat plants to fungal pathogens. Deletion of Chs3b was lethal to Fg; disruption of the other Chs gene family members generated knockout mutants with diverse impacts on Fg. Comparative expression analyses revealed that among the Chs gene family members, Chs3b had the highest expression levels during Fg colonization of wheat. Three hairpin RNAi constructs corresponding to the different regions of Chs3b were found to silence Chs3b in transgenic Fg strains. Co‐expression of these three RNAi constructs in two independent elite wheat cultivar transgenic lines conferred high levels of stable, consistent resistance (combined type I and II resistance) to both FHB and FSB throughout the T3 to T5 generations. Confocal microscopy revealed profoundly restricted mycelia in Fg‐infected transgenic wheat plants. Presence of the three specific short interfering RNAs in transgenic wheat plants was confirmed by Northern blotting, and these RNAs efficiently down‐regulated Chs3b in the colonizing Fusarium pathogens on wheat seedlings and spikes. Our results demonstrate that host‐induced gene silencing of an essential fungal chitin synthase gene is an effective strategy for enhancing resistance in crop plants under field test conditions. 相似文献
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Quantitative trait loci for resistance to fusarium head blight in a Chinese wheat landrace Haiyanzhong 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Li T Bai G Wu S Gu S 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2011,122(8):1497-1502
Fusarium head blight (FHB) of wheat causes not only significant reduction in grain yield and end-use quality, but also the contamination of the grain with mycotoxins that are detrimental to human and animal health after consumption of infected grain. Growing resistant varieties is an effective approach to minimize the FHB damage. The Chinese wheat landrace Haiyanzhong (HYZ) shows a high level of resistance to FHB. To identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) that contribute to FHB resistance in HYZ, 136 recombinant inbred lines (RIL) were developed from a cross of HYZ and Wheaton, a hard spring wheat cultivar from the USA. The RIL and their parents were evaluated for percentage of scabbed spikelets (PSS) in both greenhouse and field environments. Five QTL were detected for FHB resistance in HYZ with one major QTL on 7DL. The 7DL QTL peaked at SSR marker Xwmc121, which is flanked by the SSR markers Xcfd46 and Xwmc702. This QTL explained 20.4?C22.6% of the phenotypic variance in individual greenhouse experiments and 15.9% in a field experiment. Four other minor QTL on 6BS (two QTL), 5AS and 1AS each explained less than 10% of the phenotypic variance in individual experiments. HYZ carried the favorable alleles associated with FHB resistance at the QTL on 7DL, 6BS and 5AS, and the unfavorable allele at the QTL on 1AS. The major QTL on 7D can be used to improve the FHB resistance in wheat breeding programs and add diversity to the FHB resistance gene pool. 相似文献
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QTL associated with Fusarium head blight resistance in the soft red winter wheat Ernie 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Liu S Abate ZA Lu H Musket T Davis GL McKendry AL 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2007,115(3):417-427
Fusarium head blight (FHB), mainly caused by Fusarium graminearum Schwabe [telomorph: Gibberella zeae Schw. (Petch)], is an increasingly important disease of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Host-plant resistance provides the best hope for reducing economic losses associated with FHB, but new sources of resistance
are limited. The moderately resistant winter wheat cultivar, Ernie, may provide a source of resistance that differs from Sumai
3 but these genes have not been mapped. Also hindering resistance breeding may be associations of resistance with agronomic
traits such as late maturity that may be undesirable in some production environments. This research was conducted to identify
QTL associated with type II FHB resistance (FHB severity, FHBS), and to determine if they are associated with days to anthesis
(DTA), number of spikelets (NOS), and the presence/absence of awns. Two hundred and forty-three F8 recombinant inbred lines from a cross between the resistant cultivar, Ernie and susceptible parent, MO 94-317 were phenotyped
for type II FHB resistance using point inoculation in the greenhouse during 2002 and 2003. Genetic linkage maps were constructed
using 94 simple sequence repeat (SSR) and 146 amplified fragment length polymorphic (AFLP) markers. Over years four QTL regions
on chromosomes 2B, 3B, 4BL and 5A were consistently associated with FHB resistance. These QTL explained 43.3% of the phenotypic
variation in FHBS. Major QTL conditioning DTA and NOS were identified on chromosome 2D. Neither the QTL associated with DTA
and NOS nor the presence/absence of awns were associated with FHB resistance in Ernie. Our results suggest that the FHB resistance
in Ernie appears to differ from that in Sumai 3, thus pyramiding the QTL in Ernie with those from Sumai 3 could result in
enhanced levels of FHB resistance in wheat. 相似文献
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A model wheat cultivar for transformation to improve resistance to Fusarium Head Blight 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
Fusarium head blight (FHB), caused primarily by Fusarium graminearum, is a major disease problem in wheat (Triticum aestivum). Genetic engineering holds significant potential to enhance FHB resistance in wheat. Due to the requirement of screening
for FHB resistance on flowers at anthesis, the number of screens carried out in a year is limited. Our objective was to evaluate
the feasibility of using the rapid-maturing dwarf wheat cultivar Apogee as an alternative genotype for transgenic FHB resistance
research. Our transformation efficiency (number of transgenic plants/number of embryos) for Apogee was 1.33%. Apogee was also
found to exhibit high FHB susceptibility and reached anthesis within 4 weeks. Interestingly, microsatellite marker haplotype
analysis of the chromosome 3BS FHB resistant quantitative trait locus (QTL) region indicated that this region maybe deleted
in Apogee. Our results indicate that Apogee is particularly well suited for accelerating transgenic FHB resistance research
and transgenic wheat research in general.
C.A. Mackintosh and D.F. Garvin contributed equally to the article and should be considered co-first authors 相似文献
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Sujon Sarowar Syeda T. Alam Ragiba Makandar Hyeonju Lee Harold N. Trick Yanhong Dong Jyoti Shah 《Molecular Plant Pathology》2019,20(5):626-640
Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a disease of the floral tissues of wheat and barley for which highly resistant varieties are not available. Thus, there is a need to identify genes/mechanisms that can be targeted for the control of this devastating disease. Fusarium graminearum is the primary causal agent of FHB in North America. In addition, it also causes Fusarium seedling blight. Fusarium graminearum can also cause disease in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. The Arabidopsis–F. graminearum pathosystem has facilitated the identification of targets for the control of disease caused by this fungus. Here, we show that resistance against F. graminearum can be enhanced by flg22, a bacterial microbe-associated molecular pattern (MAMP). flg22-induced resistance in Arabidopsis requires its cognate pattern recognition receptor (PRR) FLS2, and is accompanied by the up-regulation of WRKY29. The expression of WRKY29, which is associated with pattern-triggered immunity (PTI), is also induced in response to F. graminearum infection. Furthermore, WRKY29 is required for basal resistance as well as flg22-induced resistance to F. graminearum. Moreover, constitutive expression of WRKY29 in Arabidopsis enhances disease resistance. The PTI pathway is also activated in response to F. graminearum infection of wheat. Furthermore, flg22 application and ectopic expression of WRKY29 enhance FHB resistance in wheat. Thus, we conclude that the PTI pathway provides a target for the control of FHB in wheat. We further show that the ectopic expression of WRKY29 in wheat results in shorter stature and early heading time, traits that are important to wheat breeding. 相似文献
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The devastating effect of Fusarium head blight (FHB) caused by Fusarium graminearum has led to significant financial losses across the Upper Midwest of the USA. These losses have spurred the need for research in biological, chemical, and genetic control methods for this disease. To date, most of the research on FHB resistance has concentrated on hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) lines originating from China. Other sources of resistance to FHB would be desirable. One other source of resistance for both hexaploid wheat and tetraploid durum wheat (T. turgidum L. var. durum) is the wild tetraploid, T. turgidum L. var. dicoccoides (T. dicoccoides). Previous analysis of the `Langdon'-T. dicoccoides chromosome substitution lines, LDN(Dic), indicated that the chromosome 3A substitution line expresses moderate levels of resistance to FHB. LDN(Dic-3A) recombinant inbred chromosome lines (RICL) were used to generate a linkage map of chromosome 3A with 19 molecular markers spanning a distance of 155.2 cM. The individual RICL and controls were screened for their FHB phenotype in two greenhouse seasons. Analysis of 83 RICL identified a single major quantitative trait locus, Qfhs.ndsu-3AS, that explains 37% of the phenotypic or 55% of the genetic variation for FHB resistance. A microsatellite locus, Xgwm2, is tightly linked to the highest point of the QTL peak. A region of the LDN (Dic-3A) chromosome associated with the QTL for FHB resistance encompasses a 29.3 cM region from Xmwg14 to Xbcd828. 相似文献
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Effects of Fusarium graminearum Metabolites on Wheat Tissue in Relation to Fusarium Head Blight Resistance 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Fusarium head blight (FHB) of wheat is caused by Fusarium graminearum which produces many secondary metabolites including the trichothecene mycotoxins deoxynivalenol (vomitoxin) and 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol. Coleoptile tissue segements from 14 spring wheat cultivars were exposed to the F. graminearum metabolites deoxynivalenol, 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol, butenolide (all known mycotoxins), sambucinol, culmorin and dihydroxycalonectrin in a bioassay. The tissue of most cultivars was inhibited, at a concentration of 10?6M by the trichothecenes tested and up to 10?3M for the other compounds. Deoxynivalenol and 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol, which affect protein synthesis at the ribosome, are therefore potent phytotoxins in addition to being mycotoxins. The resistance or susceptibility of each cultivar to FHB was established in a field experiment. A comparison of the two sets of data indicated that resistant cultivars could tolerate much higher concentrations of the metabolites tested than susceptible cultivars. Some resistant material can tolerate 10 to 1000 times the concentration of the trichothecenes, compared with susceptible cultivars, with no effect on growth. The data suggest that it may be possible to screen germplasm rapidly for FHB resistance in vitro and a new type of resistance in wheat to this disease is proposed based on the apparent insensitivity to trichothecenes by resistant cultivars, additional to the three types of resistance described in the literature. 相似文献
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Schmolke M Zimmermann G Buerstmayr H Schweizer G Miedaner T Korzun V Ebmeyer E Hartl L 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2005,111(4):747-756
Fusarium head blight (FHB), mainly caused by Fusarium graminearum and F. culmorum, can significantly reduce the grain quality of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) due to mycotoxin contamination. The objective of this study was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for FHB resistance in a winter wheat population developed by crossing the resistant German cultivar Dream with the susceptible British cultivar Lynx. A total of 145 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) were evaluated following spray inoculation with a F. culmorum suspension in field trials in 2002 in four environments across Germany. Based on amplified fragment length polymorphism and simple sequence repeat marker data, a 1,734 cM linkage map was established assuming that the majority of the polymorphic parts of the genome were covered. The area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) was calculated based on the visually scored FHB symptoms. The population segregated quantitatively for FHB severity. Composite interval mapping analysis for means across the environments identified four FHB resistance QTLs on chromosomes 6AL, 1B, 2BL and 7BS. Individually the QTLs explained 19%, 12%, 11% and 21% of the phenotypic variance, respectively, and together accounted for 41%. The QTL alleles conferring resistance on 6AL, 2BL and 7BS originated from cv. Dream. The resistance QTL on chromosome 6AL partly overlapped with a QTL for plant height. The FHB resistance QTL on 7BS coincided with a QTL for heading date, but the additive effect on heading date was of minor importance. The resistance QTL on chromosome 1B was associated with the T1BL.1RS wheat-rye translocation of Lynx. 相似文献
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J. A. Anderson R. W. Stack S. Liu B. L. Waldron A. D. Fjeld C. Coyne B. Moreno-Sevilla J. Mitchell Fetch Q. J. Song P. B. Cregan R. C. Frohberg 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2001,102(8):1164-1168
Genetic resistance to Fusarium head blight (FHB), caused by Fusarium graminearum, is necessary to reduce the wheat grain yield and quality losses caused by this disease. Development of resistant cultivars
has been slowed by poorly adapted and incomplete resistance sources and confounding environmental effects that make screening
of germplasm difficult. DNA markers for FHB resistance QTLs have been identified and may be used to speed the introgression
of resistance genes into adapted germplasm. This study was conducted to identify and map additional DNA markers linked to
genes controlling FHB resistance in two spring wheat recombinant inbred populations, both segregating for genes from the widely
used resistance source ’Sumai 3’. The first population was from the cross of Sumai 3/Stoa in which we previously identified
five resistance QTLs. The second population was from the cross of ND2603 (Sumai 3/Wheaton) (resistant)/ Butte 86 (moderately
susceptible). Both populations were evaluated for reaction to inoculation with F. graminearum in two greenhouse experiments. A combination of 521 RFLP, AFLP, and SSR markers were mapped in the Sumai 3/Stoa population
and all DNA markers associated with resistance were screened on the ND2603/Butte 86 population. Two new QTL on chromosomes
3AL and 6AS wer found in the ND2603/Butte 86 population, and AFLP and SSR markers were identified that explained a greater
portion of the phenotypic variation compared to the previous RFLP markers. Both of the Sumai 3-derived QTL regions (on chromosomes
3BS, and 6BS) from the Sumai 3/Stoa population were associated with FHB resistance in the ND2603/Butte 86 population. Markers
in the 3BS QTL region (Qfhs.ndsu-3BS) alone explain 41.6 and 24.8% of the resistance to FHB in the Sumai 3/Stoa and ND2603/Butte 86 populations, respectively.
This region contains a major QTL for resistance to FHB and should be useful in marker-assisted selection.
Received: 17 August 2000 / Accepted: 16 October 2000 相似文献
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Zongkuan Wang Bo Yang Wenyue Zheng Lei Wang Xingxing Cai Jie Yang Rongrong Song Sen Yang Yuyin Wang Jin Xiao Huiquan Liu Yan Wang Xiue Wang Yuanchao Wang 《Plant biotechnology journal》2023,21(4):769-781
Fusarium head blight (FHB), caused by Fusarium graminearum, is a devastating disease in wheat (Triticum aestivum) that results in substantial yield losses and mycotoxin contamination. Reliable genetic resources for FHB resistance in wheat are lacking. In this study, we characterized glycoside hydrolase 12 (GH12) family proteins secreted by F. graminearum. We established that two GH12 proteins, Fg05851 and Fg11037, have functionally redundant roles in F. graminearum colonization of wheat. Furthermore, we determined that the GH12 proteins Fg05851 and Fg11037 are recognized by the leucine-rich-repeat receptor-like protein RXEG1 in the dicot Nicotiana benthamiana. Heterologous expression of RXEG1 conferred wheat responsiveness to Fg05851 and Fg11037, enhanced wheat resistance to F. graminearum and reduced levels of the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol in wheat grains in an Fg05851/Fg11037-dependent manner. In the RXEG1 transgenic lines, genes related to pattern-triggered plant immunity, salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, and anti-oxidative homeostasis signalling pathways were upregulated during F. graminearum infection. However, the expression of these genes was not significantly changed during infection by the deletion mutant ΔFg05851/Fg11037, suggesting that the recognition of Fg05851/Fg11037 by RXEG1 triggered plant resistance against FHB. Moreover, introducing RXEG1 into three other different wheat cultivars via crossing also conferred resistance to F. graminearum. Expression of RXEG1 did not have obvious deleterious effects on plant growth and development in wheat. Our study reveals that N. benthamiana RXEG1 remains effective when transferred into wheat, a monocot, which in turn suggests that engineering wheat with interfamily plant immune receptor transgenes is a viable strategy for increasing resistance to FHB. 相似文献
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Fusarium head blight (FHB) caused by Fusarium graminearum and F. culmorum is a devastating disease with high effects on grain yield and quality. We developed spring wheat lines incorporating the highly effective FHB resistance quantitative trait loci (QTL) Fhb1 and Qfhs.ifa‐5A. Whether these QTL lead to competition within Fusarium populations in the field resulting in isolates with higher aggressiveness has not been analysed. The aims of this study were to determine (i) the aggressiveness potential of F. graminearum and F. culmorum isolates, (ii) competition effects of these isolates in binary mixtures and (iii) the stability of resistant hosts. Six F. graminearum, two F. culmorum isolates and seven binary mixtures containing these isolates were tested for their aggressiveness and mycotoxin production at two locations in South Germany in 2007 and 2008. Host lines were four spring wheat lines containing the resistance QTL Fhb1 and/or Qfhs.ifa‐5A or none of them and one standard variety. Re‐isolates were sampled from plots inoculated with the binary mixtures to identify the percentage of each isolate in the mixture by simple sequence repeat markers. Resistant host lines reacted as expected and had a high stability to all isolates and mixtures. Only less important host × mixture interactions were detected. Aggressiveness among isolates and mixtures was significantly different. Type and amount of mycotoxin and high single isolate aggressiveness were not necessarily advantageous in the mixture. However, both F. culmorum isolates outcompeted F. graminearum isolates. Significant deviations from the inoculated 1 : 1 proportions occurred in 34 of 49 cases, illustrating that competition effects appeared in the mixtures. These differences depended mainly on the year and not on the level of host resistance. We conclude that resistance should not be affected by the Fusarium isolates and mixtures. 相似文献
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Manuela Diethelm Michael Schmolke Jennifer Groth Wolfgang Friedt Günther Schweizer Lorenz Hartl 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2014,34(1):31-43
Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a destructive disease of wheat and barley. In wheat it is mainly caused by the fungal pathogens Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium culmorum. We report the identification and evaluation of candidate genes for quantitative FHB resistance. These genes showed altered expression levels in the moderately resistant winter wheat genotypes Capo and SVP72017 after inoculation with F. graminearum. Amongst others, a NPR1-like gene was identified. Sequence analysis of this gene fragment revealed a high level of variation between the parents of a doubled haploid population. Single nucleotide polymorphism and polymerase chain reaction markers were developed and two homoeologous genes were mapped on the long arms of chromosomes 2A and 2D, respectively. Markers for both genes had significant effects on FHB resistance in a diverse collection of 178 European winter wheat cultivars evaluated in multi-environmental field trials after spray inoculation with F. culmorum. These results revealed that allelic variation in two homoeologous NPR1-like genes is associated with FHB resistance in European winter wheat. Markers for these genes might therefore be used for marker-assisted breeding programs. 相似文献