共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 649 毫秒
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Rania Ben-Saad Walid Ben-Ramdhan Nabil Zouari Jalel Azaza Delphine Mieulet Emmanuel Guiderdoni Radhouane Ellouz Afif Hassairi 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2012,30(1):521-533
We have recently isolated the AlSAP (stress-associated protein) gene from the halophyte grass Aeluropus littoralis and demonstrated that AlSAP expression improves tolerance to continuous salt and drought stresses in transgenic tobacco. To extend these findings to an important crop, we generated marker-free transgenic durum wheat plants of the commercial cv. Karim expressing the AlSAP gene. The integration and expression of AlSAP in T3 homozygous plants were ascertained by Southern, Northern and Western blotting respectively. AlSAP wheat lines exhibited improved germination rates and biomass production under severe salinity and osmotic stress conditions. Following a long-term salt or drought stress greenhouse trial, AlSAP lines produced normally filled grains whereas wild-type (WT) plants either died at the vegetative stage under salt stress or showed markedly reduced grain filling under drought stress. Measurements of the RWC (relative water content) and endogenous Na+ and K+ levels in leaves of AlSAP plants, showed a lower water loss rate and a higher Na+ accumulation in senescent-basal leaves, respectively, compared to those of WT plants. Taken together, these results extend to cereals the high potential of the AlSAP gene for engineering effective drought and salt tolerance. 相似文献
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C. Liang X. Y. Zhang Y. Luo G. P. Wang Q. Zou W. Wang 《Russian Journal of Plant Physiology》2009,56(3):370-376
To investigate the physiological mechanisms of glycinebetaine (GB) involved in the improvement of salt tolerance of wheat,
three transgenic wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) lines-T1, T4, and T6-and the wild-type (WT) line Shi4185 were used. The transgenic lines were generated by introducing
the BADH gene encoding betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase, which was cloned from Atriplex hortensis L. The BADH gene induced overexpression of GB in transgenic lines. Salt stress was induced by adding 200 mM NaCl, and the osmotic adjustment
(OA), ion homeostasis, and antioxidant characteristics of wheat plants were observed. Under salt stress, the OA in the transgenic
wheat lines was significantly higher than that in WT; this may be attributed to GB itself and/or the GB-induced overaccumulation
of other osmolytes, such as free proline, soluble protein, and soluble sugar. Moreover, the transgenic lines could maintain
the lower Na+ and Cl− concentrations in their leaves by accumulating these ions in the sheaths in order to protect the leaves from ion toxicity;
however, these lines maintained a higher K+ concentration in the leaves since K+ functions as an osmolyte and maintains ion homeostasis in the leaf cells. Furthermore, the in vivo overaccumulated GB could
enhance or stabilize the activity of antioxidant enzymes that can scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitigate oxidative
damage of biomembranes. The experimental results suggest that GB overexpression can enhance the salt tolerance of transgenic
plants by regulating ion homeostasis, enhancing OA, and scavenging ROS.
Published in Russian in Fiziologiya Rastenii, 2009, vol. 56, No. 3, pp. 410–417.
This text was submitted by the authors in English. 相似文献
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Ectopic expression of wheat expansin gene TaEXPA2 improved the salt tolerance of transgenic tobacco by regulating Na+/K+ and antioxidant competence 下载免费PDF全文
Yangyang Han Xiangzhu Kong Hanhan Kang Yuanqing Ren Wei Wang 《Physiologia plantarum》2017,159(2):161-177
High salinity is one of the most serious environmental stresses that limit crop growth. Expansins are cell wall proteins that regulate plant development and abiotic stress tolerance by mediating cell wall expansion. We studied the function of a wheat expansin gene, TaEXPA2, in salt stress tolerance by overexpressing it in tobacco. Overexpression of TaEXPA2 enhanced the salt stress tolerance of transgenic tobacco plants as indicated by the presence of higher germination rates, longer root length, more lateral roots, higher survival rates and more green leaves under salt stress than in the wild type (WT). Further, when leaf disks of WT plants were incubated in cell wall protein extracts from the transgenic tobacco plants, their chlorophyll content was higher under salt stress, and this improvement from TaEXPA2 overexpression in transgenic tobacco was inhibited by TaEXPA2 protein antibody. The water status of transgenic tobacco plants was improved, perhaps by the accumulation of osmolytes such as proline and soluble sugar. TaEXPA2‐overexpressing tobacco lines exhibited lower Na+ but higher K+ accumulation than WT plants. Antioxidant competence increased in the transgenic plants because of the increased activity of antioxidant enzymes. TaEXPA2 protein abundance in wheat was induced by NaCl, and ABA signaling was involved. Gene expression regulation was involved in the enhanced salt stress tolerance of the TaEXPA2 transgenic plants. Our results suggest that TaEXPA2 overexpression confers salt stress tolerance on the transgenic plants, and this is associated with improved water status, Na+/K+ homeostasis, and antioxidant competence. ABA signaling participates in TaEXPA2‐regulated salt stress tolerance. 相似文献
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Kewei Zhang Juan Wang Lijun Lian Wenju Fan Ning Guo Sulian Lv 《Plant Molecular Biology Reporter》2012,30(5):1158-1171
A betA gene encoding choline dehydrogenase from Escherichia coli was transformed into cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Transgenic cotton plants exhibited improved tolerance to chilling due to accumulation of glycinebetaine (GB). The results of our experiment showed that GB contents of leaves of transgenic lines 1, 3, 4, and 5, both before and after chilling stress, were significantly higher than those of wild-type (WT) plants. At 15°C, transgenic lines 1, 3, 4, and 5 exhibited higher germination capacity as determined by the germination speed and final germination percentage and, displayed less inhibition in seedling shoot growth rate than WT plants. Under chilling stress, transgenic lines 4 and 5 maintained higher relative water content, upper carbon dioxide (CO2) fixation capacity and PSII electron transfer rate, better osmotic adjustment (OA), a lower percentage of ion leakage, and less lipid membrane peroxidation when compared with WT plants. Chilling resistance of the transgenic lines was demonstrated to be positively correlated with GB content under chilling stress. The high levels of GB in transgenic cotton plants might not only protect the integrity of cell membrane from chilling damage, but also be involved in OA which alleviated chilling induced water stress. Moreover, under chilling-stressed conditions, transgenic cotton plants enhanced stomatal conductance, PSII electron transport rate, and further leaf photosynthesis through accumulating high levels of GB. 相似文献
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Meiru Li Xiaojie Lin Hongqing Li Xiaoping Pan Guojiang Wu 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2011,107(2):283-293
Overexpression of NHX genes has been previously shown to improve salt tolerance of transgenic plants. In this study, transgenic rice plants overexpressing AtNHX5 showed not only high salt tolerance, but also high drought tolerance. Measurements of ion levels indicated that Na+ and K+ contents were all higher in AtNHX5 overexpressing shoots than in wild type (WT) shoots in high saline conditions. After exposure to water deficiency and salt stress, the WT plants all died, while the AtNHX5 overexpressing rice plants had a higher survival rate, dry weight, leaf water content, and leaf chlorophyll contents, accumulated more proline, and had less membrane damage than the WT plants. In addition, seeds of both transgenic and WT plants germinated on 1/2 MS medium supplemented with 250 mM mannitol, but overexpression of AtNHX5 improved the shoot growth of the seedlings. Taken together, the results indicate that AtNHX5 gene could enhance the tolerance of rice plants to multiple environmental stresses by promoting the accumulation of more effective osmolytes (ions or proline) to counter the osmotic stress caused by abiotic factors. 相似文献
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Meifang Li Zhimei Li Shufen Li Shangjing Guo Qingwmeng Meng Gang Li Xinghong Yang 《Plant Molecular Biology Reporter》2014,32(1):42-51
Glycine betaine (GB) is a compatible solute that accumulates rapidly to enhance heat tolerance in many plants grown under heat stress. In this study, a BADH gene (betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase) from spinach was introduced into tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum cv. ‘Moneymaker’) via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Transgenic tomato lines expressing BADH exhibited higher capabilities for GB accumulation. Chlorophyll fluorescence analysis of wild type (WT) and transgenic plants exposed to heat treatment (42 °C) showed that transgenic plants exhibited higher photosynthetic capacities than WT plants. This finding suggests that GB accumulation increases tolerance to heat-enhanced photoinhibition. This increased tolerance was associated with an improvement in D1 protein content, which accelerated the repair of photosystem II (PSII) following heat-enhanced photoinhibition. Significant accumulations of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide radical (O2 ?) were observed in WT plants under heat stress. However, these accumulations were much less for the transgenic plants. An important finding reported herein is that exogenous GB cannot directly reduce the content of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In accordance with a lower relative electrolyte conductivity and malondialdehyde content, the activities of antioxidant enzymes were higher in transgenic lines than in WT plants, indicating that the degree of membrane injury in the transgenic plants was lower compared to the WT plants. These results suggest that GB accumulation in vivo cannot directly eliminate ROS. Rather, higher antioxidant enzyme activities must be maintained to lessen the accumulation of ROS in transgenic plants and to decrease the degree of membrane injury. 相似文献
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Guiping Diao Yucheng Wang Chao Wang Chuanping Yang 《Plant Molecular Biology Reporter》2011,29(1):77-87
Plant glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are involved in protecting plants against both diverse biotic and abiotic stresses. In the present study,
a novel GST gene (LbGST1) was cloned from Limonium bicolor (Bunge) Kuntze (Plumbaginaceae). To characterize its function in salt tolerance, tobacco lines transformed with LbGST1 were generated. Compared with wild-type (WT) tobacco, transgenic plants overexpressing LbGST1 exhibited both GST and glutathione peroxidase activities. Moreover, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase (POD), and catalase
activities in transgenic plants were significantly higher than those in WT plants, particularly when grown under conditions
of salt stress. Similarly, levels of proline in transgenic plants were also higher than those in WT plants grown under NaCl
stress conditions. Whereas, Malondialdehyde contents in transgenic plants were lower than those in WT plants under NaCl conditions.
Furthermore, Na+ content in transgenic plants was lower than that in WT plants under these stress conditions. Subcellular localization analysis
revealed that the LbGST1 protein was localized in the nucleus. These results suggested that overexpression of LbGST1 gene can affect many physiological processes associated with plant salt tolerance. Therefore, we hypothesize that LbGST1 gene can mediate many physiological pathways that enhance stress resistance in plants. 相似文献
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Improved salt tolerance of transgenic wheat by introducing betA gene for glycine betaine synthesis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Chunmei He Aifang Yang Weiwei Zhang Qiang Gao Juren Zhang 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2010,101(1):65-78
A betA gene encoding choline dehydrogenase from Escherichia coli (E. coli) was transformed into wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. PCR amplification and Southern blotting confirmed the existence of transgene in transformed plants and their progeny. Levels of expression of the betA gene varied among the different transgenic lines based on RT-PCR analysis. Under salt stress conditions, transgenic lines L2 and L3 had higher levels of glycine betaine and chlorophyll, lower Na+/K+ ratios and solute potential, and less cell membrane damage. These lines also retained moderately higher photosynthesis rates and more vigorous growth than the wild-type line at 200 mM NaCl. In a field trial in a high salt field, transgenic lines L2 and L3 had higher germination rates, more tillers and higher grain yields in comparison to the wild-type plants. This suggested that the transgenic plants were more tolerant to salt stress and have potential for breeding salt-tolerant wheat. 相似文献
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Background
Calcium-binding proteins that contain EF-hand motifs have been reported to play important roles in transduction of signals associated with biotic and abiotic stresses. To functionally characterize gens of EF-hand family in response to abiotic stress, an MtCaMP1 gene belonging to EF-hand family from legume model plant Medicago truncatula was isolated and its function in response to drought and salt stress was investigated by expressing MtCaMP1 in Arabidopsis.Methodology/Principal Findings
Transgenic Arabidopsis seedlings expressing MtCaMP1exhibited higher survival rate than wild-type seedlings under drought and salt stress, suggesting that expression of MtCaMP1 confers tolerance of Arabidopsis to drought and salt stress. The transgenic plants accumulated greater amounts of Pro due to up-regulation of P5CS1 and down-regulation of ProDH than wild-type plants under drought stress. There was a less accumulation of Na+ in the transgenic plants than in WT plants due to reduced up-regulation of AtHKT1 and enhanced regulation of AtNHX1 in the transgenic plants compared to WT plants under salt stress. There was a reduced accumulation of H2O2 and malondialdehyde in the transgenic plants than in WT plants under both drought and salt stress.Conclusions/Significance
The expression of MtCaMP1 in Arabidopsis enhanced tolerance of the transgenic plants to drought and salt stress by effective osmo-regulation due to greater accumulation of Pro and by minimizing toxic Na+ accumulation, respectively. The enhanced accumulation of Pro and reduced accumulation of Na+ under drought and salt stress would protect plants from water default and Na+ toxicity, and alleviate the associated oxidative stress. These findings demonstrate that MtCaMP1 encodes a stress-responsive EF-hand protein that plays a regulatory role in response of plants to drought and salt stress. 相似文献16.
L. Yang H. Liu S. M. Fu H. M. Ge R. J. Tang Y. Yang H. H. Wang H. X. Zhang 《Biologia Plantarum》2017,61(4):641-650
The tonoplast and plasma membrane localized sodium (potassium)/proton antiporters have been shown to play an important role in plant resistance to salt stress. In this study, AtNHX1 and AtNHX3, two tonoplast Na+(K+)/H+ antiporter encoding genes from Arabidopsis thaliana, were expressed in poplar to investigate their biological functions in the resistance to abiotic stresses in woody plants. Transgenic poplar plants expressing either gene exhibited increased resistance to both salt and water-deficit stresses. Compared to the wild type (WT) plants, transgenic plants accumulated more sodium and potassium ions in the presence of 100 mM NaCl and showed reduced electrolyte leakage in the leaves under water stress. Furthermore, the proton-translocating and cation-dependent H+ (Na+/H+ or K+/H+) exchange activities in the tonoplast vesicles isolated from the leaves of transgenic plants were higher than in those isolated from WT plants. Therefore, constitutive expression of either AtNHX1 or AtNHX3 genetically modified the salt and water stress tolerance of transgenic poplar plants, providing a potential tool for engineering tree species with enhanced resistance to multiple abitotic stresses. 相似文献
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Heterologous expression of the yeast HAL5 gene in tomato enhances salt tolerance by reducing shoot Na+ accumulation in the long term 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Benito Pineda Paloma Sanchez‐Bel Andres Belver Begoña Garcia‐Sogo Francisco B. Flores Alejandro Atares Vicente Moreno Maria C. Bolarin 《Physiologia plantarum》2014,152(4):700-713
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The protection of wheat plasma membrane under cold stress by glycine betaine overproduction 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We aimed to study the protection of wheat plasma membrane (PM) under cold stress (0–2 °C) by the overaccumulation of glycine
betaine (GB). For this, we used wild-type winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cv. Shi 4185 (WT) and 3 transgenic lines (T1, T4, and T6) expressing the BADH gene isolated from Atriplex hortensis L. Under cold stress, the transgenic lines with higher GB content maintained better membrane integrity and higher plasma
membrane H+-ATPase activity than WT. In these transgenic lines, ROS production and membrane lipid peroxidation were lower, while antioxidative
enzyme activities and compatible solute contents were higher in comparison with WT. This may be attributable to their enhanced
cold-stress tolerance mediated by GB overproduction. 相似文献
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Chenxi Xu Lei Zheng Caiqiu Gao Chao Wang Guifeng Liu Jing Jiang Yucheng Wang 《Plant Molecular Biology Reporter》2011,29(2):424-430
H+-ATPase subunit c (VHA-c) is involved in the adaptation to environmental stresses, including salt, drought, and heavy metals.
However, it remains unclear whether VHA-c can induce a physiological response related to stress tolerance. To investigate
this possibility, we generated transgenic tobacco lines overexpressing a V-ATPase subunit c (LbVHA-c1) gene from Limonium bicolor (Bunge) Kuntze. Compared with wild-type (WT) tobacco, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activities in the transgenic
plants were significantly enhanced under salt stress conditions. The level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the transgenic plants
was significantly lower than that in WT plants grown under salt stress conditions. Moreover, the transgenic plants displayed
obviously better growth than the WT plants under salt stress. These results suggest that LbVHA-c1 may confer stress tolerance through enhancing POD and SOD activities, and by protecting membranes from damage by decreasing
lipid peroxidation under salt stress. 相似文献