小麦秸秆复合基质的理化指标及其对黄瓜幼苗生长和光合参数的影响

以小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)秸秆基质(发酵)为主,按不同比例分别添加蛭石、珍珠岩和草炭,配制10种复合基质;以不含小麦秸秆基质的复合基质为对照,对各基质的基本理化性状进行了分析和比较,并研究了不同基质对黄瓜(Cucumis sativus L.)幼苗生长、叶片叶绿素含量和光合参数的影响。结果显示:不同基质的理化指标有明显差异,小麦秸秆基质与蛭石、珍珠岩和草炭混配均降低或显著降低了基质的容重、总孔隙度、持水孔隙度、水气比、小颗粒含量、pH值和电导率,提高了通气孔隙度以及大、中颗粒的含量。按V(小麦秸秆基质)∶V(蛭石)∶V(草炭)=50∶25∶25的比例配制的复合基质T9的容重、总孔隙度、通气孔隙度、持水孔隙度、水气比和电导率分别为0.33g.cm-3、68.1%、15.3%、52.8%、3.45和3.91 mS.cm-1,理化性状最佳,具有良好的吸水和保水性能。总体上看,随复合基质中小麦秸秆基质比例的降低,黄瓜幼苗的株高、茎粗、根总长、根总体积、平均单根直径和根尖总数、生物量和壮苗指数以及叶片的叶绿素含量均呈上升趋势;复合基质中小麦秸秆基质比例较高,黄瓜叶片的净光合速率、气孔导度和蒸腾速率均较低,但与对照相比,不同基质对叶片胞间CO2浓度及水分利用效率无显著影响。在复合基质T9中黄瓜幼苗的这些生长指标、壮苗指数以及叶片叶绿素含量和光合参数总体上高于或显著高于对照和其他复合基质,生长良好。结果表明:复合基质T9较适合黄瓜幼苗的生长发育,可作为黄瓜育苗基质。     

不同林业废弃物配方基质的理化性质及其对西桦幼苗生长效应的综合评价

以林业废弃物木纤维、沤制树皮、椰糠和锯末为基质主料,分别与辅料草炭、黄心土、珍珠岩、蛭石、火烧土和碳化树皮以不同体积比配制16种配方基质,研究了16种配方基质的理化性质及其对西桦(Betula alnoides Buch.-Ham.ex D.Don)幼苗的生长和叶片部分生理指标的影响,综合评价各配方基质对西桦幼苗的育苗效果,并筛选出适宜西桦幼苗生长的最佳配方基质。结果表明:16种配方基质的容重、总孔隙度、通气孔隙度、持水孔隙度、电导率和p H值分别为0.21~0.81 g·cm~(-3)、35.87%~63.35%、2.00%~21.74%、24.78%~53.03%、0.04~0.15 m S·cm~(-1)和p H 5.29~p H 7.43,碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾和有机质的含量分别为94.50~652.75 mg·kg~(-1)、3.37~72.67 mg·kg~(-1)、49.50~227.75 mg·kg~(-1)和5.45~43.80 g·kg~(-1)。其中,以林业废弃物为主料的T5[V(沤制树皮)∶V(锯末)∶V(碳化树皮)=6∶3∶1]至T16[V(锯末)∶V(椰糠)∶V(火烧土)∶V(珍珠岩)=3∶3∶2∶2]配方基质的电导率、持水孔隙度、碱解氮含量、速效钾含量和有机质含量总体上显著高于T1[V(黄心土)∶V(锯末)∶V(火烧土)=6∶3∶1]配方基质(对照),容重显著低于对照。不同配方基质中西桦幼苗的根冠比、单株根干质量和叶片叶绿素a含量与叶绿素b含量的比值的差异较小,其他生长指标和生理指标均存在明显差异,其中,T11[V(木纤维)∶V(草炭)∶V(椰糠)=4∶3∶3]和T12[V(木纤维)∶V(草炭)∶V(椰糠)=3∶4∶3]配方基质中西桦幼苗的单株茎叶干质量、单株根干质量、单株总干质量、株高增长量、地径增长量、高径比、苗木质量指数和叶片总叶绿素含量均高于或显著高于对照,表现出明显的生长优势。综合评价结果显示:T11和T12配方基质中西桦幼苗的综合评价指数较高,分别为0.444和0.440,西桦幼苗实际生长效果也较佳。为了减少草炭使用量,建议将T11配方基质作为西桦幼苗育苗的最佳配方基质。     

不同基质和供水方式对基质理化特性和一品红观赏品质的影响

采用2因子完全随机区组试验设计,研究了2种基质和3种供水方式对基质理化特性和一品红(Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd.)观赏品质的影响.结果显示,泥炭基质[V(泥炭)∶ V(珍珠岩)∶ V(蛭石)=7∶ 2∶ 1]的总孔隙度、持水孔隙度、吸水量以及根区体积、上层基质电导率均显著高于中药渣基质[V(中药渣)∶ V(园土)∶ V(蛭石)=5.6 ∶2.4∶ 2.0],容重、通气孔隙度以及上层基质体积和pH值、根区pH值则显著低于中药渣基质;不同基质对一品红苞片的观赏指标有显著影响,栽培于泥炭基质中的一品红的苞片总面积(AB)、冠层面积(AC)和苞片总面积占冠层面积的百分率(RBC)及苞片明度(L*)、色相(a*和b*)和彩度(C*)均极显著高于中药渣基质(P<0.01),花色素含量和叶绿素含量均显著低于中药渣基质.不同供水方式(表面浇水、表面浇水-底部吸水和底部吸水)对基质的容重、总孔隙度和吸水量无显著影响,但对基质的通气孔隙度和持水孔隙度以及基质的体积、电导率和pH值有显著影响(P<0.01);不同供水方式对一品红苞片着色指标均有一定的影响,但只对L*和花色素含量有显著影响;采用表面浇水-底部吸水方式,苞片的AB、AC和RBC均最高.与一品红苞片观赏品质密切相关的根区基质特性有pH值、容重、总孔隙度、持水孔隙度和吸水量等,大多数苞片观赏指标与基质总孔隙度、持水孔隙度和吸水量呈显著的正相关关系,而与pH值、容重和通气孔隙度呈显著的负相关关系.研究结果显示,表面浇水-底部吸水方式是简便经济的供水方式;在中药渣基质中栽培的一品红观赏品质低于泥炭基质,中药渣基质作为新型盆栽基质有待进一步研究.     

濒危植物华山新麦草育苗复配基质选优

本研究以国家一级濒危植物华山新麦草为试验材料,以园土为对照,设计了3个基质配方(园土:细沙=1:1;园土:草炭=1:2;园土:草炭:珍珠岩=1:2:1),通过测定不同处理下华山新麦草幼苗的各项指标,研究不同基质配方对其幼苗生长发育的影响,结果表明:复配基质的育苗效果要优于单一基质;3个复配基质中,配方3 (园土:草炭:珍珠岩=1:2:1)处理下,华山新麦草的发芽率、苗期各形态指标及生理指标表现较优,可作为华山新麦草的育苗基质配方;配方3处理能够显著促进华山新麦草幼苗的根系发育,显著提高其根系活力,进而显著增加了华山新麦草幼苗叶片中的氮素含量及叶绿素含量,最终使得华山新麦草幼苗生物量的积累表现更优。本研究结果可为濒危植物华山新麦草的迁地保护提供一些技术支撑。     

北方地区不同基质对辣木幼苗生长的影响及相关性分析

研究高寒地区设施条件下,不同基质对多油辣木（Moringa oleifera Lam.）及其两个改良种PKM1、PKM2的苗木生长阶段株高、地径、形态解剖等特征的影响,筛选适宜的栽培基质。结果表明,珍珠岩+园土+腐殖土（1：2：1,T₁）、草炭+河沙+腐熟蘑菇基料（3：1：1,T₂）、园土+腐殖土+草炭+河沙（2：1：1：1,T₃）、园土（CK）4个基质中,T₂基质最适宜辣木生长,其有机质高达49.97 g·kg^-1、孔隙度76.84%、容重为0.58 g·cm^-3、速效N、P、K等肥力指标也显著高于其它处理（P<0.05）;在T₂基质中,辣木生长速度显著快于其它处理（P<0.05）,定植71 d多油辣木、PKM1、PKM2三个品种株高依次是80.2、115.67、81.0 cm,较园土（CK,T₄）分别增长了38.3%、25.7%、28.6%;地径依次为13.27、17.47、15.08 mm,较对照分别增粗了32.0%、14.6%、39.0%;T₂处理的地上部分的发育最快,60 d茎表皮完全死亡、破裂,最外层形成周皮,韧皮纤维及木质部较其它处理发达;结合基质的8个向量因子与辣木株高、地径相关性分析,可知：有机质含量高、通气性、保水性及供肥能力较好的基质更加适宜辣木生长,各因子对辣木生长影响大小顺序依次为有机质、速效钾、含水率、孔隙度、容重、碱解氮、速效磷（P<0.05）。     

岩棉育苗对番茄幼苗生长发育的影响

采用岩棉和营养土方作育苗基质,观测了基质对番茄幼苗各时期生长的影响。其试验结果是：以岩棉作基质培育功苗能增加番茄幼苗全株的干重,其中幼苗根系的干重增加较为显著。在播种２４ｄ内,岩棉育苗的幼苗高度、茎干重、叶面积和干重的增长略低于营养土方育苗,２４ｄ以后,岩棉育苗则增长迅速,说明岩棉育苗具有增加幼苗干物质累积、培育壮苗的特点,证实岩棉是一种良好的育苗基质。     

城市污水灌溉对植物栽培基质理化性质的影响

采用污水浇灌的方式,对尾叶桉、马占相思、小叶榕、阴香和美人蕉5种植物在塑料大棚内进行盆栽试验,研究了城市污水浇灌对植物栽培基质理化性质的影响.研究结果表明:随着浇灌污水浓度增加,植物栽培基质的容重降低,孔隙度增大,pH值有所降低,有机质含量有一定增加:全N含量降低,除阴香外,其余4种植物栽培基质的速效K、速效P含量增加.表明污水灌溉植物,增强了栽培基质的肥力,且栽培基质的全N、速效K、速效P含量有较大变化.     

添加山皮土和秸秆对铁尾矿基质性质及植物生长的影响

铁尾矿砂作为复垦基质是实现其资源化利用的有效途径。本研究以室内盆栽法探究山皮土和秸秆对铁尾矿基质性质及紫穗槐幼苗生长的影响。处理因素为山皮土添加比例(0%、25%、50%、75%、100%)和秸秆添加比例(1%、3%、5%)。结果表明:添加山皮土能降低基质容重、全P、速效P含量,提高了田间持水量、阳离子交换量、全K和速效K含量;添加秸秆降低了基质容重,提高了田间持水量、阳离子交换量、全N、全P、速效N、速效K和TOC含量。在紫穗槐生长效果上,添加山皮土提高了紫穗槐幼苗的株高、根长、地径、冠幅和生物量;添加秸秆使紫穗槐幼苗的株高、根长、地径、冠幅和生物量呈现先增大后减小的趋势(3%1%、5%)。综合分析表明,紫穗槐幼苗在3%秸秆+100%山皮土处理下生长情况最佳,而3%秸秆+50%山皮土处理的各个指标均与1%秸秆+0%山皮土处理差异显著(P0.05),紫穗槐幼苗生长状况良好。因此,在实践中,在铁尾矿砂中添加3%秸秆+50%山皮土作为复垦配方可以更大限度地实现铁尾矿砂资源化利用。     

黔中喀斯特山区村域稻田土壤理化特性的空间变异特征及空间自相关性

以贵州省安顺市西秀区旧州镇文星村为研究区域,采用地统计学方法,研究了黔中喀斯特山区土壤容重、总孔隙度、毛管持水量、毛管孔隙度、通气孔隙度等物理特性与土壤pH、有机质、速效养分(S、Si、N、P、K、Fe、Zn、Cu、Mn)、全量养分(N、P、K)、交换性盐(Ca、Mg)及阳离子交换量等化学特性的空间变异特征及自相关性。在土壤各特征值中,pH、毛管孔隙度变异系数分别为4.59%、8.28%、9.83%,为弱变异;其他变异系数在10%-100%之间,为中等程度变异。半方差分析表明,土壤毛管持水量、通气孔隙度、毛管孔隙度、速效养分(S、Si、Cu、Mn)、全量养分(N、P、K)、交换性盐(Ca、Mg)及阳离子交换量的C₀/(C₀+C)<25%,表现为强烈的空间自相关性;容重、pH、速效养分(N、P、K、Fe、Zn)及有机质的C₀/(C₀+C)在25%-75%之间,表现为中等空间自相关性,而Moran''s I指数分析表明,除毛管孔隙度、有效S、速效P及有效Mn的空间自相关性较弱外,其他均呈正的显著空间自相关性。根据克里金插值图,在研究区域内土壤毛管孔隙度及毛管持水量与pH、速效养分(S、Si、Zn、Cu、)全P、全N、有机质、交换性Ca、Mg及阳离子交换量在东北方向和西北角分布较低,在西南角方向土壤容重及通气孔隙度分布较低,而pH、速效K、有效Cu、全P、全K、有机质、阳离子交换量分布较高,且速效养分(N、K、S、Cu)、全P、有机质的含量及阳离子交换量均存在从西南向东北方向递减的趋势。     

水分和光照对厚皮甜瓜苗期植株生理生态特性的影响

以厚皮甜瓜‘西博洛托’为试材,研究了温室内育苗基质含水量和光照强度对厚皮甜瓜苗期植株生长发育和生理生态特性的影响.结果表明:不同基质含水量和光照强度对厚皮甜瓜苗期植株生长发育影响显著,随基质含水量的降低,苗期植株叶绿素a、叶绿素b和总叶绿素含量升高,叶片相对含水量和比叶面积下降,基质含水量为60%～80%时,幼苗净光合速率最高;随着光照强度的减弱,幼苗的叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素含量以及叶片相对含水量、比叶面积和胞间CO2浓度升高,叶绿素a/b和净光合速率下降.在不同处理中,以80%基质含水量 100%温室光照处理的幼苗生长最健壮,壮苗指数、净光合速率等指标最高.     

模拟氮沉降和不同外生菌根真菌侵染对樟子松幼苗生长的影响

盆栽条件下,采用单接种Suillus bovines(以下简称SB)和混合接种(Suillus luteus、Suillus grevillea、Tricholoma fulvum、Boletinus grisellus、Suillus bovinus、Leucocortinarius bulbiger、Rhizopogon luteolus、Pisolithus tinctorius 8个菌种的等量混合菌剂接种,以下简称HJ)方法对樟子松(Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica)2个月幼苗进行接种处理,幼苗生长6个月形成菌根后对樟子松幼苗进行模拟氮沉降实验,5个月后通过测定幼苗生长指标、根系形态结构和菌根侵染率,旨在探讨模拟氮沉降对樟子松不同接种处理幼苗生长的影响。结果表明:①随着氮浓度的增加,单接种乳牛肝(SB)和混合接种(HJ)菌根侵染率均呈下降趋势,且氮沉降对SB处理的菌根侵染率影响更显著。②接种显著促进幼苗地上和地下生物量积累,且混合接菌效果更好;同一接菌处理中,氮浓度增加对地上生物量的积累有抑制作用;接种和氮浓度对地径和地上生物量有显著交互作用,但对苗高和地下生物量无交互作用。③HJ处理中不施氮(CKN)和1倍氮浓度(CN)较不接菌(CK)和SB处理显著促进幼苗根系的平均直径、总根长和总表面积;氮浓度增加显著促进CK和SB处理的幼苗根系平均直径、总根长和总表面积,但是对HJ处理的根系各形态结构指标均产生抑制作用。接种和氮浓度以及两者的交互作用均极显著影响幼苗根系形态结构。     

氮素形态及配比对夏播菘蓝生长及活性成分含量的影响

以来自山西的菘蓝(Isatis indigotica Fort.)为实验对象,采用盆栽法研究铵态氮(NH4+-N)、硝态氮(NO3--N)和酰胺态氮〔CO(NH2)2〕的不同配比对夏播菘蓝生长,叶和根中的可溶性蛋白质及总氮含量,根中多糖含量,叶中叶绿素相对含量,以及叶中靛玉红和靛蓝、根中(R,S)-告依春的含量和积累量的影响.结果表明:各施氮处理组的单株叶干质量均高于对照(不施用氮素)组,但单株根干质量或高于或低于对照组,其中,T4〔n(铵态氮):n(硝态氮):n(酰胺态氮)=25:75:0〕处理组的单株叶和根干质量均最大,且总体上显著高于对照组及其他施氮处理组(P<005);而施氮处理组的根冠比均显著低于对照组.各施氮处理组叶中的可溶性蛋白质含量与对照均无显著差异,但各施氮处理组根中的可溶性蛋白质含量、叶和根中的总氮含量以及叶中的叶绿素相对含量总体上显著高于对照组,而根中的多糖含量或高于或低于对照组,其中,T6〔n(铵态氮):n(硝态氮):n(酰胺态氮)=0:75:25〕处理组根中的多糖含量和叶中的叶绿素相对含量均最高,T3〔n(铵态氮):n(硝态氮):n(酰胺态氮)=50:50:0〕处理组叶和根中的可溶性蛋白质含量均较高.各施氮处理组叶中靛玉红含量总体上显著高于对照组,多数施氮处理组叶中靛蓝含量则显著低于对照组,但各施氮处理组的单株叶中靛蓝和靛玉红积累量总体上高于对照组;其中,T2〔n(铵态氮):n(硝态氮):n(酰胺态氮)=75:25:0〕处理组叶中靛玉红含量及其单株积累量均最高,T6处理组叶中靛蓝含量最高,而单株叶中靛蓝积累量则以T3处理组最高.各施氮处理组根中(R,S)-告依春含量总体上显著低于对照组,其中,以T1〔n(铵态氮):n(硝态氮):n(酰胺态氮)=100:0:0〕处理组根中(R,S)-告依春含量最高,T4处理组单株根中(R,S)-告依春积累量最高.综合分析结果表明:按不同配比施用不同形态氮素,夏播菘蓝的生长及活性成分含量有明显差异,因此,若以收获叶为目的,结合叶中靛玉红含量,建议施用铵态氮和硝态氮物质的量比为75:25的复合氮肥;若以收获根为目的,结合根中(R,S)-告依春含量,建议施用铵态氮和硝态氮物质的量比为25:75的复合氮肥.     

Biomechanical Response of the Root System in Tomato Seedlings under Wind Disturbance

Wind disturbance as a green method can effectively prevent the overgrowth of tomato seedlings, and its mechanism may be related to root system mechanics. This study characterized the biophysical mechanical properties of taproot and lateral roots of tomato seedlings at five seedling ages and seedling substrates with three different moisture content. The corresponding root system-substrate finite element (FE) model was then developed and validated. The study showed that seedling age significantly affected the biomechanical properties of the taproot and lateral roots of the seedlings and that moisture content significantly affected the biomechanical properties of the seedling substrate (p < 0.05). The established FE model was sensitive to wind speed, substrate moisture content, strong seedling index, and seedling age and was robust. The multiple linear regression equations obtained could predict the maximum stress and strain of the root system of tomato seedlings in the wind field. The strong seedling index had the greatest impact on the biomechanical response of the seedling root system during wind disturbance, followed by wind speed. In contrast, seedling age had no significant effect on the biomechanical response of the root system during wind disturbance. In the simulation, no mechanical damage was observed on the tissue of the seedling root system, but there were some strain behaviors. Based on the plant stress resistance, wind disturbance may affect the growth and development of the root system in the later growth stage. In this study, finite element and statistical analysis methods were combined to provide an effective approach for in-depth analysis of the biomechanical mechanisms of wind disturbances that inhibit tomato seedlings’ growth from the root system’s perspective.     

不同基质材料对油茶容器苗生长生物量及养分含量的影响

研究不同基质材料对油茶容器苗的影响,寻找可以部分替代泥炭土的本土基质材料。在不同处理育苗条件下,测定1年生油茶容器苗的成活率、生长量、生物量、叶绿素含量和地上部分营养元素含量,并分析基质与地上部分营养元素含量的相关性。试验结果发现：成活率、苗高、地径、高径比、主根长、主根/侧根鲜重、地上/地下生物量、茎根比/FW、茎根比/DW、叶绿素含量等指标以处理Ⅰ（50%泥炭土+50%其余相同成分）与处理Ⅴ（5%食用菌下脚料+5%鸡粪+5%牛粪+35%泥炭土+50%其余相同成分）表现最优,且两者均与其他3个处理差异显著;各处理间氮、磷、钾、钙、硫、铁、锰、铜、锌元素含量差异显著,但镁、硼元素含量差异不明显。相关性分析表明,镁元素与速效钾、有机质呈显著的正相关,而其他元素为负相关。综上所得,处理Ⅴ在用本土基质来替代部分泥炭土的结果最好。本研究为降低油茶基质育苗成本和维持基质的可持续利用提供一条新的途径。     

Association between bryophytes and seedlings in Nothofagus sub-Antarctic forests

Bryophytes, which include mosses, liverworts and hornworts, indeed play a significant role in the natural dynamics of native forests. They contribute to fundamental ecological processes such as tree regeneration. In this context, the objective was to analyse the association of bryophytes with Nothofagus seedlings, as well as whether the substrates where bryophytes grew influenced bryophyte-tree seedling association, in sub-Antarctic forests at two contrasting landscapes (coastal and mountain) of Tierra del Fuego (Argentina), to better understand their impacts on the natural regeneration processes. We hypothesized that bryophytes act as a substrate for seed germination and initial regeneration growth in pure and mixed forests of N. pumilio and N. betuloides, resulting in widespread tree seedlings–bryophyte associations in all landscapes. In each forest and landscape location, 60 transects were established (10 m in length) to evaluate bryophyte cover (by point intercept method) and substrate type (bare soil, decaying wood and litter cover) where they were growing. An adaptation of the relative interaction index (RII) based on tree seedling cover associated with bryophyte species (%) and tree seedling cover in the absence of bryophytes (%) was calculated and analysed to assess competition or facilitation between bryophytes and tree seedlings. Nothofagus pumilio seedlings were less abundant in bryophytes compared to other substrates, suggesting an inhibitory effect on the germination and/or survival of N. pumilio. In contrast, the seedlings of N. betuloides, in both pure and mixed forests, exhibited higher abundance on bryophyte substrates, particularly in mosses at mountain landscape (RII = 0.83 ± 0.08 in litter and 0.62 ± 0.11 in decaying wood). These findings suggest that bryophytes play a facilitating role for N. betuloides seedlings during germination and initial phases of growth, mainly in the mountain. Therefore, their conservation promotes N. betuloides forest continuity, both in pure and mixed structures.     

Comparative Effects of Benzoic Acid and Water Stress on Wheat Seedlings

In the present study, we compared the effects of allelochemical, water stress (WS) and their combinations on seedling growth, biochemical parameters and responses of antioxidative enzymes in Triticum aestivum L. The wheat seedlings were treated with 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 mM concentrations of benzoic acid (BA), with and without water stress. Leaf water status, photosynthetic pigments, protein content, amount of proline and activities of nitrate reductase and antioxidant enzymes were examined. Allelopathic stress resulted in reduction of seedling height. Height of water stressed seedlings greatly decreased. The combined treatments, BA + WS further decreased the seedling height. BA treatment with and without water stress caused significant reduction in dry weight of the seedlings. BA and water stress decreased relative water content, pigments and protein content. Total soluble sugar content and nitrate reductase activity were variedly affected under all treatments. Proline content and lipid peroxidation increased in treatments with BA and water stress. Activity of superoxide dismutase increased significantly (P < 0.05) while catalase activity decreased in all treatments. Ascorbate peroxidase and guaiacol peroxidase activities were higher as compared with catalase which seems to protect wheat seedlings from oxidative stress. Water stress elevated the toxic effect of allelochemical.     

干旱胁迫对不同基质网袋桢楠幼苗生长及生物量的影响

探讨不同育苗基质下桢楠（Phoebe zhennan）苗木对周期性干旱胁迫的适应能力及生存对策,为筛选抗旱育苗基质提供参考。以耕作土、森林腐殖土、泥炭土、蛭石为原料,按体积比配制成5种育苗基质,T1：耕作土=10（传统桢楠育苗）、T2：森林腐殖土=10、T3：耕作土：森林腐殖土：泥炭土：蛭石=4：3：2：1、T4：耕作土：森林腐殖土：泥炭土：蛭石=3：2：4：1、T5：耕作土：森林腐殖土：泥炭土：蛭石=2：1：6：1,采用随机区组设置干旱胁迫梯度,分析不同胁迫水平对桢楠幼苗生长的影响。结果表明：（1）配比基质的理化性质与苗木生长密切相关,正常浇水时,基质处理苗生长质量均优于传统育苗,但重度胁迫下,仅T3、T4处理苗木生长较好;（2）随着干旱胁迫程度的增加,各基质配比桢楠苗木株高、基径、叶面积、叶面积指数、地上生物量、地下生物量等生长指标均受到抑制,但受影响程度存在差异;（3）各基质处理苗木质量隶属函数值T3 > T4=T1 > T2 > T5,T3基质配比最优,所育苗木生长优良,耐旱抗旱性强,显著提高造林成效。表明适宜的基质配比能够协调植物生长所需的水、肥、气、热,有利于植物在逆境中生存。     

Influence of substrate and burial on the development of Posidonia oceanica: implications for restoration

Posidonia oceanica is one of the few seagrasses that can colonize hard and soft substrates. To test whether substrate could affect root development of the seedlings, with a legacy effect upon transplantation to sand, we germinated seeds on hard (glass slide) versus soft (sand) substrates in microcosms. We found that sand favored root system development, with a compensatory slowing of leaf development, while glass had the opposite effect. After 4 months, we transplanted all seedlings to sand and tested for a legacy effect of initial substrate type. Leaves of seedlings germinated on sand and glass slides reached approximately the same length, but roots from seedlings germinated on glass did not develop fully. Seed burial (0–1.5 cm) did not affect seedling development. These results suggest that the culture of P. oceanica on sand prior to transplantation could enhance seedlings survival in restoration programs.