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1.
Psoralea corylifolia is an endangered plant producing various compounds of medical importance. Adventitious roots and hairy roots were induced
in cultures prepared from hypocotyl explants. Psoralen content was evaluated in both root types grown either in suspension
cultures or on agar solidified medium. Psoralen content was ~3 mg g−1 DW in suspension grown hairy roots being higher than in solid grown hairy roots and in solid and suspension-grown adventitious
roots. 相似文献
2.
Adventitious roots of Echinacea purpurea were cultured in airlift bioreactors (20 l, 500 l balloon-type, bubble bioreactors and 1,000 l drum-type bubble bioreactor)
using Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with 2 mg indole butyric acid l−1 and 50 g sucrose l−1 for the production of chichoric acid, chlorogenic acid and caftaric acid. In the 20 l bioreactor (containing 14 l MS medium)
a maximum yield of 11 g dry biomass l−1 was achieved after 60 days. However, the amount of total phenolics (57 mg g−1 DW), flavonoids (34 mg g−1 DW) and caffeic acid derivatives (38 mg g−1 DW) were highest after 50 days. Based on these studies, pilot-scale cultures were established and 3.6 kg and 5.1 kg dry biomass
were achieved in the 500 l and 1,000 l bioreactors, respectively. The accumulation of 5 mg chlorogenic acid g−1 DW, 22 mg chichoric acid g−1 DW and 4 mg caftaric acids g−1 DW were achieved with adventitious roots grown in 1,000 l bioreactors. 相似文献
3.
M. E. Estrada-Zúñiga F. Cruz-Sosa M. Rodríguez-Monroy J. R. Verde-Calvo E. J. Vernon-Carter 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2009,97(1):39-47
Plant tissue cultures represent a potential source for producing secondary metabolites. In this work, Buddleja cordata tissue cultures were established in order to produce phenylpropanoids (verbascoside, linarin and hydroxycinnamic acids),
as these metabolites are credited with therapeutic properties. Highest callus induction (76.4–84.3%) was obtained in five
treatments containing 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d: 0.45–9.05 μM) with Kinetin (KIN: 2.32, 4.65 μM), whereas highest root induction (79.6%) corresponded to the α-Naphthaleneacetic
acid (9.05 μM) with KIN (2.32 μM) treatment. Verbascoside was the major phenylpropanoid produced in in vitro cultures (root,
white and green callus) [66.24–86.26 mg g−1 dry weight (DW)], while linarin and hydroxycinnamic acid production was low (0.95–3.01 mg g−1 DW). Verbascoside and linarin production were improved in cell suspension culture (116 mg g−1 DW and 8.12 mg g−1 DW, respectively). 相似文献
4.
Withanolides are biologically active secondary metabolites present in roots and leaves of Withania somnifera. In the present study, we have induced adventitious roots from leaf explants of W. somnifera for the production of withanolide-A, which is having pharmacological activities. Adventitious roots were induced directly
from leaf segments of W. somnifera on half strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) semisolid medium (0.8% agar) with 0.5 mg l−1 indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and 30 g l−1 sucrose. Adventitious roots cultured in flasks using half strength MS liquid medium with 0.5 mg l−1 IBA and 30 g l−1 showed higher accumulation of biomass (108.48 g l−1FW and 10.76 g l−1 DW) and withanolide-A content (8.8 ± 0.20 mg g−1 DW) within five weeks. Nearly 11-fold increment of fresh biomass was evident in suspension cultures and adventitious root
biomass produced in suspension cultures possessed 21-fold higher withanolide-A content when compared with the leaves of natural
plants. An inoculum size of 10 g l−1 FW favoured the biomass accumulation and withanolide-A production in the tested range of 2.5, 5.0, 10.0 and 20.0 g l−1 FW. Among different media tested [Murashige and Skoog (MS), Gamborg’s (B5), Nitsch and Nitsch (NN) and Chu’s (N6)], MS medium
favoured both biomass accumulation and withanolide-A production. Half strength MS medium favoured the biomass accumulation
and withanolide-A production among the different strength MS medium tested (0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0). The current
results showed great potentiality of adventitious roots cultures for the production of withanolide-A. 相似文献
5.
Athip Sakunphueak Pharkphoom Panichayupakaranant 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2010,102(1):9-15
The effects of type of explant (leaves and roots), donor plants, and plant growth regulators on naphthoquinone (NQ) production
of Impatiens balsamina L. root cultures were evaluated. The root cultures were initiated in liquid Gamborg’s B5 medium supplemented with 0.1 mg l−1 α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), 0.1 mg l−1 kinetin (Kn) and 1.0 mg l−1 6-benzyladenine (BA). The present investigation indicated that the root cultures established from the leaf explants produced
higher total NQ content [1.01 ± 0.046 mg/g dry weight (DW)] than those established from the root explants (0.62 ± 0.023 mg/g
DW). The leaf explants of four I. balsamina strains including white flower plant (IbW), pink flower plant (IbP), violet flower plant (IbV) and red flower plant (IbR)
were used to establish the root cultures. Based on HPLC analysis, IbP strain produced the highest total NQ content (3.39 ± 0.072 mg/g
DW), while IbR strain produced the lowest one (1.45 ± 0.055 mg/g DW). The root cultures established from the IbP explant were
capable of producing higher content of total NQs (2.76 ± 0.093 mg/g DW) than those established from the other strains. The
results suggest that the tissue cultures initiated from the high-yielding donor plants should be capable of producing higher
content of secondary compounds than those initiated from low-yielding donor plants. In addition, plant growth regulator manipulation
exhibited that a combination of 0.1 mg l−1 NAA, 1.0 mg l−1 Kn and 2.0 mg l−1 BA is capable of increasing NQ production (2.97 ± 0.072 mg/g DW) in I. balsamina root cultures. 相似文献
6.
Md. Abdullahil Baque Md. Humayun Kabir Shiragi Sang-Hyun Moh Eun-Jung Lee Kee-Yoeup Paek 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2013,49(6):737-749
To improve root growth and production of bioactive compounds such as anthraquinones (AQ), phenolics, and flavonoids by adventitious root cultures of Morinda citrifolia, the effects of aeration rate, inoculum density, and Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium salt strengths were investigated using a balloon-type bubble bioreactor. The possible mechanisms underlying changes in activities of enzymic (superoxide dismutase, catalase, guaiacol peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase) and nonenzymic (vitamin E) antioxidants, phenylalanine ammonia lyase, and stress levels (accumulation of hydrogen peroxide and proline, peroxidation of lipids) were also studied. Low aeration rate (0.05 vvm [air volume/culture volume/min]) accelerated accumulation of root fresh weight and dry weight (DW). High aeration rates (0.1 to 0.3 vvm) stimulated accumulation of AQ, phenolics, and flavonoids and reduced root growth. Low inoculum densities (5 and 10 g l–1) increased accumulation of those metabolites but inhibited root growth. Culture of adventitious roots with high concentrations of MS salts (1× and 1.5× MS) resulted in induction of oxidative stress that strongly inhibited root growth. Overall, an aeration rate of 0.05 vvm, 15 g l–1 inoculum density, and half-strength (0.5×) MS medium were optimal for enhancing accumulation of root dry biomass (4.38 g l–1), AQ (103.08 mg g–1 DW), phenolics (54.81 mg g–1 DW), and flavonoids (49.27 mg g–1 DW). 相似文献
7.
Morinda citrifolia adventitious roots were cultured in shake flasks using Murashige and Skoog medium with different types and concentrations
of auxin and cytokinin. Root (fresh weight and dry weight) accumulation was enhanced at 5 mg l−1 indole butyric acid (IBA) and at 7 and 9 mg l−1 naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). On the other hand, 9 mg l−1 NAA decreased the anthraquinone, phenolic and flavonoid contents more severely than 9 mg l−1 IBA. When adventitious roots were treated with kinetin (0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 mg l−1) and thidiazuron (TDZ; 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 mg l−1) in combination with 5 mg l−1 IBA, fresh weight and dry weight decreased but secondary metabolite content increased. The secondary metabolite content (including
1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl activity) increased more in TDZ-treated than in kinetin-treated roots. Antioxidative enzymes
such as catalase (CAT) and guaiacol peroxidase (G-POD), which play important roles in plant defense, also increased. A strong
decrease in ascorbate peroxidase activity resulted in a high accumulation of hydrogen peroxide. This indicates that adventitious
roots can grow under stress conditions with induced CAT and G-POD activities and higher accumulations of secondary metabolites.
These results suggest that 5 mg l−1 IBA supplementation is useful for growth and secondary metabolite production in adventitious roots of M. citrifolia. 相似文献
8.
ukasz Ku
ma Elbieta Bruchajzer Halina Wysokiska 《Enzyme and microbial technology》2009,44(6-7):406-410
Hairy root cultures of Salvia sclarea were grown in shake flasks and 10 L nutrient sprinkle bioreactor, running for 30 days and the effects of methyl jasmonate (MJ) on their growth and capacity to accumulate diterpenoids were measured. We found that MJ concentration and exposure time to the elicitor were factors that strongly affected the diterpenoid production. The highest diterpenoid accumulation (67.5 ± 7.1 mg g−1 dry weight, calculated as a sum of ferruginol, salvipisone, aethiopinone and 1-oxoaethiopinone) without reduction of biomass, was achieved when the 23-day-old hairy roots in bioreactor culture were exposed to 125 μM MJ for 7 days. The roots produced 9 and 3.8 times as much aethiopinone (40 ± 5.9 mg g−1 dry weight) and salvipisone (12.6 ± 0.4 mg g−1 dry weight), respectively, as roots cultured in shake flasks. Our results imply that cultivation of S. sclarea hairy roots in sprinkle bioreactor after elicitation with MJ may be valuable to enhance production of the bioactive diterpenoids. 相似文献
9.
C. S. Jeong H. N. Murthy E. J. Hahn H. L. Lee K. Y. Paek 《Acta Physiologiae Plantarum》2009,31(1):219-222
The effect of the root-inoculum size and axuin concentration on growth of adventitious roots and accumulation of ginsenosides
were studied during suspension cultures of ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer). Of the various concentrations of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and γ-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) used as supplementary
growth regulators along with Murashige and Skoog medium, 25 μM IBA was found suitable for lateral root induction and growth,
as well as accumulation of ginsenosides. Inoculum size of 5 g L−1 was found suitable for optimal biomass (10.5 g L−1 dry biomass) and ginsenosides (5.4 mg g−1 DW) accumulation. Of the various length of root inocula tested (chopped to 1–3, 4–6, 7–10 mm and un-chopped), root inocula
of 7–10 mm was found suitable for biomass and ginsenoside accumulation. 相似文献
10.
Yantree Devi Sankar-Thomas Reinhard Lieberei 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2011,106(3):445-454
Levels of camptothecin (CPT) and 10-hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) were determined in different cultures of Camptotheca acuminata grown either in a Temporary Immersion System (TIS) or on solid medium. CPT was also detected in liquid culture medium. HPLC
analysis showed significant differences in CPT contents in all tissues analysed and the highest CPT contents were found in
shoots grown on solid medium and in TIS with a mean of 2.2 and 2.5 mg g−1 DW, respectively. The highest content of CPT detected in seedlings was 1.96 mg g−1 DW; while that of somatic embryos at cotyledonary stage and regenerated plants were 0.87 and 1.23 mg g−1 DW, respectively. It was also shown that shoots cultured in TIS secreted substantial amount of CPT into the liquid medium.
After 4 weeks in culture a mean of 6, 05 and 12, 6 μg g−1 FW were determined at 4 and 8 immersion cycles daily (IC d−1), respectively. This aspect opens new possibilities regarding the isolation of CTP using TIS culture systems. 相似文献
11.
The effects of inoculum density, aeration volume and culture period on accumulation of biomass and secondary metabolites in adventitious roots of Hypericum perforatum in balloon type airlift bioreactors (3 l capacity) were investigated. The greatest increment of biomass as well as metabolite content occurred at an inoculum density of 3 g l−1 and an aeration volume of 0.1 vvm. After 6 weeks of culture, an approximately 50-fold increase in biomass was recorded containing 60.11 mg g−1 dry weight (DW) of phenolics, 42.7 mg g−1 DW of flavonoids and 0.80 mg g−1 DW of chlorogenic acid. Liquid chromatography–mass spectroscopy/mass spectroscopy demonstrated that the presence of quercetin and hyperoside in adventitious roots at a level of 1.33 and 14.01 μg g−1 DW, respectively after 6 weeks of culture. The results suggest scale-up of adventitious root culture of H. perforatum for the production of chlorogenic acid, quercetin and hyperoside is feasible. 相似文献
12.
N. Praveen P. M. Naik S. H. Manohar A. Nayeem H. N. Murthy 《Acta Physiologiae Plantarum》2009,31(4):723-728
The major objectives of this study were to investigate an efficient rapid protocol for mass propagation of adventitious shoots
of brahmi using semisolid and liquid cultures; and to assess the amount of bacoside A accumulated in the regenerated shoots.
Leaf explants were grown in vitro on Murashige and Skoog semisolid medium supplemented with 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 mg l−1 6-benzyladenine or kinetin (KN) or thidiazuron (TDZ) for 4 weeks. Adventitious shoots developed from leaf explants on all
cytokinin supplemented media. After 4 weeks of incubation, leaf explants were split into two batches and one set was subcultured
on semisolid medium and another set in liquid medium containing same concentration of cytokinins where they have come from.
Highest rate of shoot regeneration was observed for explants cultured on medium with 2 mg l−1 KN. The fresh and dry weight of shoots was also highest with this treatment. Liquid cultures were found suitable for proliferation
of shoots (155.6 shoots per explant) and they also favored highest biomass accumulation (8.60 g fresh and 0.35 g dry biomass).
The bacoside A contents were determined in shoots using HPLC. Analysis revealed that, the contents were highest with shoots
regenerated on medium supplemented with 2 mg l−1 KN. The amount of bacoside A was highest in the shoots regenerated in liquid medium (11.92 mg g−1 DW) and it was 2.2-fold higher compared to shoots grown on semisolid cultures. 相似文献
13.
Juan Wang Wenyuan Gao Jian Zhang Tao Huang Tiantian Wen Liming Zhang Luqi Huang 《Plant Growth Regulation》2011,63(3):217-223
In this article, ginsenosides and polysaccharide contents in suspension cells and native roots of Panax quinquefolium L. were studied. In order to enhance the contents of ginsenosides and polysaccharide in P. quinquefolium suspension cells, we tested the effects of lactoalbumin hydrolysate on the growth of P. quinquefolium suspension cell, synthesis of ginsenosides and polysaccharide in flask and bioreactor. In flask culture, cells growth ratio
was significantly enhanced by the addition of lower concentration of lactoalbumin hydrolysate. Addition of 100 mg L−1 lactoalbumin hydrolysate significantly enhanced the contents of total saponins (5.44 mg g−1 DW) and the contents were 3.89-fold over the control group. Addition of lactoalbumin hydrolysate significantly promoted the
accumulation of polysaccharide, except 200 mg L−1 lactoalbumin hydrolysate. The highest total saponins yield (36.72 mg L−1 DW) and polysaccharide yield (0.83 g L−1 DW) were obtained at 100 mg L−1 lactoalbumin hydrolysate. In a 5-L stirred tank bioreactor, the highest contents of total saponins and TRb group ginsenosides
were achieved on day 26, while the effect of lactoalbumin hydrolysate on the contents of TRg group ginsenosides were insignificant.
This result suggests that lactoalbumin hydrolysate might have triggered the enzyme activities for the synthesis of TRb group
ginsenosides. Overall, the highest total saponins yield (31.37 mg L−1 DW) and polysaccharide yield (1.618 g L−1 DW) were obtained on day 26 and day 24 respectively and the polysaccharide yield was 1.95-fold higher than the shake flask
culture (0.83 g L−1 DW). These results provided theoretical reference for two-stage culture in suspension cells of P. quinquefolium in bioreactor. 相似文献
14.
Hai-Yan Cui Md. Abdullahil Baque Eun-Jung Lee Kee-Yoeup Paek 《Plant biotechnology reports》2013,7(3):297-308
In an attempt to scale-up of adventitious root cultures of Echinacea angustifolia for the production of biomass and caffeic acid derivatives, i.e. echinacoside, chlorogenic acid, cichoric acid, caftaric acid, and cynarin, the effects of Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium dilutions, and initial sucrose concentrations were investigated in a 5-L airlift bioreactor. In addition, the kinetics of adventitious root growth and accumulation of secondary metabolites were also studied. The greatest root dry weight (6.50 g L?l) and accumulation of total phenolics [22.06 mg g?1 DW (dry weight)], total flavonoids (5.77 mg g?1 DW) and total caffeic acid derivatives (10.63 mg g?1 DW) were obtained at quarter-strength MS medium. Of the various gradients of sucrose tested, 5 % sucrose supplementation was regarded as an optimal concentration for enhancing productivity of biomass and bioactive compounds. Neither higher salt strength (3/4–2 MS) nor sucrose concentrations (7 and 9 %) showed promotive effect on root growth and metabolite production. The kinetic studies revealed that 4 weeks of culture period is the optimal time to achieve highest productivity of metabolites. Based on these results, a large-scale (20 L) and a pilot-scale (500 L) adventitious root culture system was established. In the pilot-scale bioreactor, adventitious roots were elicitor-treated with 100 μM methyl jasmonate (MJ) on day 28. After 1 week of elicitation, 1.75 kg dry root biomass was harvested containing 60.41 mg g?1 DW of total phenolics, 16.45 mg g?1 DW of total flavonoids, and 33.44 mg g?1 DW of total caffeic acid derivatives. Among the caffeic acid derivatives, the accumulation of echinacoside (the major bioactive compound) in MJ-treated adventitious roots grown in the 500-L bioreactor was the highest (12.3 mg g?1 DW), which is approximately threefold more than the non-MJ-treated roots cultured in 5- and 20-L bioreactors. 相似文献
15.
In vitro cultures of Berberis buxifolia were established using thidiazuron (4.5, 23 and 45 mM) or picloram (4 and 40 mM) as plant growth regulators for sustaining
growth. For producing berberine, a two-stage culture was performed. In the first step, thidiazuron or picloram were used for
biomass production followed by the production stage where benzylaminopurine (4.4 mM) was added as a plant growth regulator.
Berberine yields (102 mg g−1 DW) and in vitro shoot cultures (200 mg g−1 DW) were significantly lower than those of whole plants in the field (416 mg g−1 DW). The highest productivity (0.18 mg 1−1 day−1) was attained using picloram (either 4 on 40 mM) in the first stage for producing biomass. 相似文献
16.
The present study describes the potential of in vitro grown adventitious roots of Hypericum perforatum L. commonly known as St. John’s wort at low nutrient and auxin levels in the liquid medium for micropropagation. Roots were
regenerated from shoot-derived callus on MS medium containing 4.0 mg l−1 Indole-3 acetic acid (IAA). IAA and Indole-3 butyric acid (IBA) were equally effective for the induction of roots from shoot
cultures. Half strength MS medium containing 1.0 mg l−1 IAA was most found suitable for culturing roots in liquid medium. A total biomass of 4.13 ± 0.67 g comprising 226 ± 34.4
shoots and shoot buds along with roots was obtained per culture starting with 200 mg roots inoculum. Pretreatment with kinetin
(2.0 mg l−1) enhanced the shoot multiplication. Shoots proliferated profusely from excised roots in static liquid medium supported with
glass bead matrix. Growtek™ vessel was found suitable and cost effective system for high throughput plantlet production. In vitro grown roots regardless
of their source of origin were an excellent and easy to handle source of explant for aseptic production of plantlets without
loosing the morphogenetic potential over the generations. The plants exhibited 84–99% similarity among themselves through
RAPD. The in vitro shoots produced can either be multiplied or rooted perpetually, and alternatively they can also be explored
for the in vitro production of hypericin and hyperforin. 相似文献
17.
Poornananda Madhava Naik Shirugumbi Hanamanthagouda Manohar Hosakatte Niranjana Murthy 《Acta Physiologiae Plantarum》2011,33(4):1553-1557
The present work deals with optimization of adventitious shoot culture of Bacopa monnieri for the production of biomass and bacoside A and has investigated the effects of macro elements (NH4NO3, KNO3, CaCl2, MgSO4 and KH2PO4) and nitrogen source [NH4
+/NO3
−] of Murashige and Skoog (Physiol Plant 15:473–497, 1962) medium (MS) on accumulation of biomass and bacoside A content. Optimum number of adventitious shoots (99.33 shoots explant−1), fresh weight (1.841 g) and dry weight (0.150 g) were obtained in the medium with 2.0× strength of NH4NO3. The highest production of bacoside A content was also recorded in the medium of 2.0× NH4NO3, which produced 17.935 mg g−1 DW. The number of adventitious shoot biomass and bacoside A content were optimum when the NO3
− concentration was higher than that of NH4
+. Maximum number of shoots (70.00 shoots explant−1), biomass (fresh weight 1.137 g and dry weight 0.080 g) and also bacoside A content (27.106 mg g−1 DW) were obtained at NH4
+/NO3
− ratio of 14.38/37.60 mM. Overall, MS medium supplemented with 2.0× NH4NO3 is recommended for most efficient bacoside A production. 相似文献
18.
Xi-Hua Cui Hosakatte Niranjana Murthy Chun-Hua Wu Kee-Yoeup Paek 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2010,46(5):437-444
The present study investigated the effect of nitrogen source (NH4+; NO3−) at different concentrations on the accumulation of biomass and secondary metabolites in adventitious root cultures of Hypericum perforatum L. Cultures were initiated in shake flasks by using half-strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with B5 vitamins, 1.0 mg l−1 indole-3-butyric acid, 0.1 mg l−1 kinetin, 3% (w/v) sucrose, and different ratios of ammonium and nitrate (0:30, 5:25, 10:20, 15:15, 20:10, 25:5, and 30:0 mM, using NH4Cl and KNO3). The cultures were maintained in darkness. The medium supplemented with 5:25 (mM) NH4+/NO3− resulted in the optimum accumulation of biomass and total phenols and flavonoids. The antioxidant potential of a methanolic
extract, measured as the 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and 2, 2-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical
scavenging activities, of H. perforatum adventitious roots showed that antioxidant activity was high from root extracts that were grown on higher concentrations
of NO3− nitrogen (15, 20, and 25 mM). Further, assessment of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde content of the root extracts revealed that cultures supplemented with higher levels of NO3− nitrogen (15–30 mM) were under oxidative stress, which boosted the levels of secondary metabolites in the adventitious roots.
These results suggest that optimal adventitious root biomass could be achieved with the supplementation of cultures with 5:25
ratios of MS nitrogen sources. 相似文献
19.
Root segments from seedlings of Panax ginseng produced adventitious roots directly when cultured on 1/2 MS solid medium lacking NH4NO3 and containing 3.0 mg l−1 IBA. Using this adventitious root formation, we developed rapid and efficient transgenic root formation directly from adventitious
root segments in P. ginseng. Root segments were co-cultivated with Agrobacterium tumefaciens (GV3101) caring β-glucuronidase (GUS) gene. Putative transgenic adventitious roots were formed directly from root segments on medium with 400 mg l−1 cefotaxime and 50 mg l−1 kanamycin. Kanamycin resistant adventitious roots were selected and proliferated as individual lines by subculturing on medium
with 300 mg l−1 cefotaxime and 50 mg l−1 kanamycin at two weeks subculture interval. Frequency of transient and stable expression of GUS gene was enhanced by acetosyringon (50 mg l−1) treatment. Integration of transgene into the plants was confirmed by the X-gluc reaction, PCR and Southern analysis. Production
of transgenic plants was achieved via somatic embryogenesis from the embryogenic callus derived from independent lines of
adventitious roots. The protocol for rapid induction of transgenic adventitious roots directly from adventitious roots can
be applied for a new Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated genetic transformation protocol in P. ginseng. 相似文献
20.
Françoise Bernard Azar Hassanpour Gila Gholizadeh Sahar Hassannejad Zahede Chaghari 《Acta Physiologiae Plantarum》2011,33(2):431-436
In this study, the ability of safflower-isolated root cultures to produce yellow pigments was tested. Initially, the growth
of isolated roots in static liquid medium was evaluated with different volumes of culture medium. A volume of 6 ml of medium
per flask of 250 ml gave the best growth performance and, in this condition of culture, production of pigments from isolated
roots treated or not by light has been determined by spectrophotometry (321 and 400 nm). Under these conditions, the production
of yellow pigments amounted to 13.18 mg g−1 fresh weight and the light stimulated the synthesis of these pigments by isolated roots. Total yellow pigments of 24.12,
38.91 and 46.38 mg g−1 fresh weight was produced by the roots treated with 9, 13.5 and 18% (v/v) gas oil, respectively, representing high values
of production. The pigments were released in large quantities in the medium. The increased synthesis of pigments as a result
of gas oil treatment was accompanied by a reduction of the peroxidase activity of roots. Given the high production of yellow
pigments, systems of isolated root culture could be considered for the study of a larger scale production of safflower pigments
widely used for various industrial purposes. 相似文献