山东新泰舌齿鱼科一新属、新种

本文记述了产自山东蒙阴盆地分水岭组中原始真骨鱼类—新属、新种——宁家沟谭氏鱼(Tanichthys ningjiagouensis gen. et sp. nov.).据其形态特征,它应归入舌齿鱼超科(Hiodontoidea),并与舌齿鱼科的成员接近.其生存时代很可能为早白垩世.     

记滇中白垩纪鳞齿鱼属一新种

本文记述了在云南姚安县白垩纪江底河组发现的鳞齿鱼属一新种——姚安鳞齿鱼(Lepi-dotes yaoanensis,sp.nov.)。根据新种和邻区相同层位中的鱼群性质,认为含鱼化石地层的时代为早白垩世。     

广西华缨鱼属鱼类一新种记述

在整理华缨鱼属标本时发现,1993年9月在广西壮族自治区天峨县红水河水系地下河采集到的一批标本为一个未经发表的新种,新种订名为大眼华缨鱼(Sinocrossocheilus megalophthalmus)。其下咽齿2行,可与下咽齿3行的7种华缨鱼相区别,而与属内同样具2行下咽齿的贵州华缨鱼(S.guizhouensis)、小口华缨鱼(S.microstomatus)和宽唇华缨鱼(S.labiatus)亲缘关系较近。但:(1)新种胸鳍中点上方无黑斑,背鳍分枝鳍条7,腹鳍分枝鳍条7,背鳍前鳞15—16,眼大,头长为眼径2·5—3·1倍,眼径为头宽44·7%—57·8%,吻须后伸至前后鼻孔之间或眼前缘,口角须后伸至眼前缘至眼中之间或眼中至眼后缘之间,体长为尾柄高8·9—10·7倍,头长为吻长2·5—3·7倍,可与贵州华缨鱼(胸鳍中点上方有一明显黑斑,背鳍分枝鳍条8,腹鳍分枝鳍条8,背鳍前鳞12—14,头长为眼径4·0—5·0倍,眼径为头宽16·6%—20·7%,吻须后伸不达后鼻孔后缘,口角须后伸至眼前缘,体长为尾柄高7·2—8·2倍,头长为吻长1·9—2·2倍)相区别;(2)新种背鳍前鳞15—16,侧线鳞39—40,侧线上鳞4·5—5·5,背鳍分枝鳍条7,鳃耙13,腹鳍末端伸达肛门,眼径为头宽44·7%—57·8%,可与宽唇华缨鱼(背鳍前鳞22,侧线鳞42—45,侧线上鳞6·5,背鳍分枝鳍条8,鳃耙10,腹鳍末端不达肛门,眼径为头宽23·3%—30·0%)相区别;(3)新种与同水系的小口华缨鱼在鳍条数、侧线鳞、体色、斑纹等方面最为相似,但新种围尾柄鳞14/16,眼大,头长为眼径2·5—3·1倍,腹鳍末端伸达肛门,口角须后伸至眼前缘至眼中之间或眼中至眼后缘之间,吻皮边缘深裂成小穗,背鳍起点距吻端较距尾鳍基为近,背鳍长大于头长,体长为尾柄长4·8—5·9倍,头长为吻长2·5—3·7倍,尾柄长为尾柄高1·6—2·1倍,可与之(围尾柄鳞12,眼小,头为眼径4·4—4·6倍,腹鳍末端不达肛门,口角须伸达眼下方,吻皮边缘不开裂或开裂不明显,背鳍起点距吻端等于距尾鳍基,背鳍条约等于头长,体长为尾柄长6·1—6·4倍,头长为吻长2·1—2·4倍,尾柄长为尾柄高1·4—1·5倍)相区别。     

四川资中侏罗纪一新的半椎鱼类及其生物地层意义

本文记述的棘背天府鱼(新属新种)发现于四川资中沙溪庙组.它只有大的顶骨、少的次眶骨及无饰缘棘鳞等特征,与新鳞齿鱼(Neolepidotes)相似;另外具有很发达的棘状背嵴鳞、少的次眶骨及鳞片无杵臼式关节等特征,与半椎鱼(Semionotus)很相似.天府鱼以其长大的顶骨、较居后的颌关节、较短的眶前距、很发达的棘状背嵴鳞及无饰缘棘鳞等特征,有别于半椎鱼科中所有已知属.根据天府鱼和过去记述的鱼化石,仍认为含鱼层的时代可能为中佚罗世.     

记陕北子长晚三叠世一新的古鳕类

记述了陕北子长晚三叠世古鳕科（Ｐａｌａｅｏｎｉｓｃｉｄａｅ）一新属新种──子长瓦窑堡鳕（Ｗａｙａｏｂｕｌｅｐｉｓ ｚｉｃｈａｎｇｅｎｓｉｓ ｇｅｎ． ｅｔ ｓｐ． ｎｏｖ．）。其一般形态特征如身体长纺锤形、背鳍基长,后部对着腹鳍和臀鳍之间的空隙、鳍条粗壮、饰缘棘鳞细小、悬挂骨倾斜、鳃盖骨很高大、鳞片小及横列鳞数目多等,与澳大利亚中至晚三叠世的Ｍｙｒｉｏｌｏｐｉｓ很相似,但新属具有吻较尖、背鳍鳍条数目较少、鳞片具有众多的斜嵴、后缘成梳齿状以及具有背嵴鳞等显著特征区别于Ｍｙｒｉｏｌｏｐｉｓ。瓦窑堡鳕在体形、鳍的位置、鳃盖骨高大及鳞片的纹饰等方面也与欧洲中至晚三叠世的 Ｇｙｒｏｌｅｐｉｓ相似,但新属以背鳍基较长、臀鳍基较短、背峪鳞发达及鳍条粗壮等特征区别于Ｇｙｒｏｌｅｐｉｓ。根据瓦窑堡鳕的性质和化石层位的情况,将合鱼化石地层的时代定为晚三叠世。     

中国角鲨科之一新属新种

拟刺鲨属Pseudocentrophorus,新属 属的模式种:同齿拟齿鲨Pseudocentrophorus isodon,新种 本属一般特征与角鲨属(Squalus Linnaeus)相近,但背鳍棘具侧沟,胸鳍内角尖长突出,口后方具颏褶,尾基上方无凹洼,尾鳍后部近尾端处具一缺刻。本属与刺鲨属(Centrophorus Muller et Henle)、田氏鲨属(Deania Jordan et Snyder)相似,但上下颌牙为同型,均外斜具切缘。本属与拟田氏鲨属(Deaniops Whitley)牙虽相似,但鳞无4刺突,口前吻长较短,约等于口至胸鳍起点,胸鳍里角具尖突。与乌鲨属(Etmopterus Rafi-     

中国北方■属鱼类一新种——中华■(鲤形目:鲤科)

2017年10月—2018年4月,在我国北方的大凌河水系、黄河流域进行鱼类样本采集时,发现■属Zacco鱼类一新种,命名为中华■Zacco sinensis sp. nov.。该种最突出的特征为:成熟雄性个体腹鳍未到达肛门,鼻孔较大;侧线鳞为41～45,侧线上鳞为8;背鳍前长占体长的48.3%～52.2%。经形态比较,该新种与宽鳍■Zacco platypus在形态上相似,但两者存在明显差别:头长占体长的24.4%～27.1%(vs. 22.7%～24.8%),背鳍前长占体长的48.3%～52.2%(vs. 42.0%～47.6%),尾柄长占体长的16.8%～19.2%(vs. 20.6%～23.7%);鼻孔较大(vs.鼻孔较小)。该新种与同属的棘颊■Zacco acanthogenys形态区分特征为:腹鳍距肛门较远(vs.较近或到达);鼻孔较大(vs.鼻孔较小);眼睛上边缘红色(vs.黑色);侧线上鳞为8(vs. 9或10)。基于线粒体细胞色素b基因的序列变异显示,中华■与宽鳍■和棘颊■间的平均遗传距离分别达到0.048和0.081,支持它们为不同的物种。     

西藏雅鲁藏布江下游墨头鱼属一新种（鲤形目：鲤科）

2016年11月,于西藏自治区墨脱县雅鲁藏布江支流哈果河中采集到一批墨头鱼属鱼类标本,经鉴定为一新种,命名为西藏墨头鱼（Garra tibetana sp. nov.）。该种曾一度被误认为Garra kempi Hora 1921。经形态对比,该新种与G. kempi及同属其他近似物种的主要鉴别特征包括：吻部具微弱额突,吻前端横叶及两侧有若干角质单尖棘突;胸腹部均有鳞片覆盖;背鳍分枝鳍条7? ~ 8?,臀鳍分枝鳍条4?;侧线鳞39 ~ 42,背前鳞13 ~ 14,围尾柄鳞12 ~ 13;体高为体长的13.5% ~ 17.6%,尾柄高为体长的8.8% ~ 11.0%,肛门至臀鳍起点为腹鳍起点至臀鳍起点距离的47% ~ 56%。     

广州鱼类单殖吸虫似伪指环虫属一新种及一新纪录

记述了寄生于尖尾鱼Oxyurichtyspapuensis (Cuvier&Valenciennes)鳃上的似伪指环虫属 1新种和寄生于嵴塘鳢Butisbutis (Hamilton)鳃上的似伪指环虫属我国 1新纪录种。尖尾鱼似伪指环虫Pseudodactylogyroidespapuensissp .nov.与PseudodactylogyroidesmarmorataeLim ,1995和PseudodactylogyroidesbutisensisLim ,1995相似 ,但新种中央大钩的内外突分化不如已知种明显 ,且在内突上没有明显的凹陷 ,附加片的形态相似 ,但已知种的附加片与中央大钩相连 ,而新种的附加片与中央大钩完全断开 ,量度上也有明显的差异 ,新种交接管据弯度长0 0 2 8～ 0 0 4 5较已知种 (分别为 0 0 8～ 0 10mm和 0 13～ 0 15mm)短。尖塘鳢似伪指环虫PseudodactylogyroidesmarmorataeLim ,1995与原始描述相比 ,除中央大钩和交接管稍长外 ,其形态基本一致。     

中国广西金线鲃属一新种(鲤形目,鲤科,鲃亚科)

2001年5月作者于广西环江县驯乐乡顺宁村采集到金线鲃属盲鱼5尾,经鉴定为一新种.新种眼睛完全退化,头后急剧隆起但尚未形成额骨突等体型特征与无眼金线鲃Sinocyclocheilus anophthalmus Chen et Chu,1988相似,而明显有别于属内其他物种.但两者在以下性状上又存在明显区别:1)新种背鳍硬刺纤弱;而无眼金线鲃的背鳍硬刺比较粗壮;2)新种背部自额骨后隆起,但是额骨顶部并不隆起;无眼金线鲃则自眼眶上方的额骨顶部开始显著隆起,直至肩部;3)新种侧线平直;无眼金线鲃的侧线在腹鳍和臀鳍之间的上方有一比较明显的向上弯曲;4)新种胸鳍长,超过腹鳍起点;无眼金线鲃胸鳍不超过腹鳍起点;5)分布区亦有所不同,新种分布于柳江水系;无眼金线鲃则分布于南盘江水系.此外,在一些可测性状上二者亦有区别,在标准长与体高和头长的比例、尾柄长与尾柄高的比例、侧线鳞的数目等性状上都有所差异.     

New species of Anolis (Sauria: Iguanidae) from the north region of eastern Cuba

A new Anolis species of the Alpha section from the north region of eastern Cuba (Holguín province) is described. It differs from all Cuban species of Anolis in its green coloration with greenish gray bands on body, legs and tail, in having subtriangular mental scales as well as in other details of color and scutellation. This new species is most closely related to A. isolepis but it can be distinguished from both, A. i. isolepis and A. i. altitudinalis, by its coloration and pattern, the larger body size, the presence of smooth ventral scales (similar in size to the dorsal scales) and by the absence of enlarged postcloacal scales in the male.     

金线鲃属三新种记述

笔者于19661988年在云南东部的南盘江水系采到一批金线鲃标本,其中有3个系科学上尚未记载的新种,现描述于后。       

中国平鳍鳅科鱼类系统分类的研究 Ⅰ.平鳍鳅亚科鱼类的分类

根据头部骨骼的比较,进一步证实将平鳍鳅科分为两个亚科是正确的。对分布于中国的平鳍鳅亚科鱼类进行了比较详尽的整理,共记载了7属15种(或亚种),其中有1个新种——云南原爬鳅Balitoropsis yunnanensis,sp.nov.和1个新记录——越南华吸鳅Sinogastromyzon tonkinensis Pell.et Chev.。       

福建省3个植物新记录

报道福建省植物分布新记录3种(亚种),即浙赣车前紫草Sinojohnstonia chekiangensis、显脉山绿豆Desmodium heterocarpon subsp. angustifolium、鼎湖耳草Hedyotis effusa。其中,车前紫草属Sinojohnstonia为福建新记录属。     

ULTRASTRUCTURE OF PRYMNESIUM NEMAMETHECUM SP. NOV. (PRYMNESIOPHYCEAE)1

Based on material collected from Cape Town, a new sand-dwelling, marine species of Prymnesium is described. Using light and electron microscopy, Prymnesium nemamethecum sp. nov. has been found to resemble other species of the genus in size, organelle arrangement, and swimming behavior. It differs from other described species in that it has three types of scales, one of which is confined to the region of appendage insertion and forms a sheath of simple plate scales over the haptonema. In addition, the scales constituting the proximal body scale layer(s) are unusual because they are not simple plate scales but are specifically ornamented.     

A new species of gravel-dwelling loach (Ostariophysi: Nemacheilidae) from the Nepalese Himalayan foothills

Turcinoemacheilus himalaya, new species, is described from the Koshi and Gandaki River basins of Nepal. The new species is distinguished from its hypothesised congener, Turcinoemacheilus kosswigi, from the Euphrates, Tigris and Karoun basins of the Middle East, by the presence of small scales on the posterior half of its body (v. absence of all scales), its shorter caudal peduncle (caudal peduncle length 12-15% standard length, L(S) v. 16-23), its shorter snout (snout length 28-36% head length, L(H) v. 40-49) and by features of its colour pattern, including the presence of small irregularly shaped dark grey markings over the lateral body surface. Turcinoemacheilus himalaya is known to date only from Nepal.     

Scarus obishime,a new parrotfish (Perciformes: Scaridae) from the Ogasawara Islands

Scarus obishime is described as a new species of parrotfish from the Ogasawara Islands from five specimens. It is characterized as follows: 6–7 median predorsal scales, a single scale in third row on cheek, 15 pectoral rays, terminal male with a prominent bulging snout and forehead; initial-phase fish yellowish brown with an irregular white lateral stripe posteriorly on body; terminal male deep blue with a broad yellow bar on body.     

Two new Australian species of the Paraulopus nigripinnis complex (Aulopiformes: Paraulopidae)

Two new species, Paraulopus longianalis n.sp. and Paraulopus melanostomus n.sp., are described from western and southern Australian waters. Both are referable to the Paraulopus nigripinnis group of Sato and Nakabo (2002b, 2003) in having 4.5–5.5 scales above the lateral line, supraocular ridges and large adult body size, but differ from other species of the group in having two rows of cheek scales. Paraulopus longianalis is characterized by a deep anal fin in males, tiny adipose dorsal fin and supraocular ridges extending nearly to the predorsal scales, and P. melanostomus is most easily distinguished by its black buccal cavity and relatively broad, depressed head. A key to the six described species in the P. nigripinnis group is provided.     

A new species of Rhinogobius (Teleostei: Gobiidae) from the Hanjiang Basin in Guangdong Province, China

A new freshwater goby, Rhinogobius wangi, was collected from a small tributary of the Hanjiang Basin, Guangdong Province, southeastern China. The species can be distinguished from all congeneric species by the following unique combination of features: second dorsal fin rays I, 8; anal fin rays I, 7; pectoral fin rays 16; rather large scales as longitudinal scale series 26–27; predorsal scales 8–9; vertebral count 10 + 17 = 27; seven parallel, deep brown oblique stripes crossing on cheek in male; branchiostegal membrane with brownish-red spots in male; seven longitudinal deep brown lines on lateral side of body; pectoral fin base with a blackish-brown bar. A key to all nominal species with high vertebral counts from China (Hanjiang to Chiangtangjiang basins), Taiwan, and Japan is also provided.     

记辽宁东部新鳞齿鱼属一新种

本文记述了产自辽宁东部红庙子盆地下桦皮甸子组的新鳞齿鱼属—新种——Neolepidotes liaodongensis sp. nov..根据新材料,将 Neolepidotes 与 Lepidotes 等属作了补充比较,增订了新鳞齿鱼属的特征.