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《中国细胞生物学学报》2017,(12)
该研究探讨了REV感染DF-1细胞分泌外体携带表达差异的蛋白质和微RNA(micro RNA,mi RNA),及其基因功能和参与的信号通路,为病毒致病机制研究提供了基础。通过蛋白组学和转录组学检测技术,筛选病毒感染组与对照组DF-1细胞分泌外体的差异蛋白质和mi RNA,并利用在线软件数据库对其进行GO功能富集和KEGG信号通路分析。结果筛选到101个差异表达蛋白质,其中56个表达上调,45个表达下调,共参与155条信号通路,参与蛋白质最多的是肿瘤相关通路;并筛选到3个表达上调的mi RNA,其中mi RNA-155、mi RNA-146a-3p编码的靶蛋白(整合蛋白)与差异蛋白质肌动蛋白相关2/3复合体(actinrelated 2/3 complexs,Arp2/3)共同参与肌动蛋白细胞骨架信号通路;差异蛋白质及mi RNA编码靶基因均含有病毒成分,并参与细胞信号转导、免疫、黏附、运动、生物调节等过程。该研究结果表明,REV感染DF-1细胞来源外体表达差异的蛋白质和mi RNA及其参与的生物学过程和信号通路与肿瘤形成密切相关,外体途径可能在REV致瘤机制中具有重要作用。 相似文献
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植物E3泛素连接酶的分类与功能 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
《中国细胞生物学学报》2020,(5)
蛋白质泛素化作为一种重要的翻译后修饰,通过介导特定蛋白质的降解,广泛地参与到植物生长发育、胁迫响应、信号转导等一系列生命活动过程中,在植物的生命周期中具有重要意义。E3泛素连接酶能够特异性地识别靶蛋白,在泛素化途径中起决定性作用。因此,研究植物E3泛素连接酶的功能及其作用机理具有重要的意义。该文介绍了目前E3泛素连接酶分类与功能方面的研究进展,为深入探讨E3泛素连接酶在植物生命活动过程中的调控机制提供借鉴。 相似文献
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目的 对L12 10细胞及其 4株克隆细胞建立的肿瘤动物模型的某些生物学特性进行比较研究 ,从中筛选出基本符合L12 10细胞生物学特性且一致性更好的克隆细胞。方法 北京肿瘤所L12 10细胞和 4株克隆细胞腹腔接种DBA 2小鼠 ,观察产生腹水的性质、腹水瘤细胞浓度和致小鼠死亡时间 ;皮下接种DBA 2小鼠 ,观察瘤块的生长情况 ;腹腔注射化疗药物环磷酰胺 (CY) ,比较对CY治疗的敏感性。结果 腹腔接种DBA 2小鼠均能生长腹水 ,其中克隆细胞L2H8、L3B12产生血性腹水 ,L3F9的腹水微血性 ,L3E11与肿瘤所L12 10细胞为无血性腹水 ;腹水瘤细胞的浓度及小鼠生存时间亦有差别。肿瘤所L12 10细胞及克隆细胞L3F9、L2H8、L3E11、L3B12第 10天瘤重依次为 1 9± 0 4 6、1 5± 0 3 8、0 75± 0 5 2、2 6± 0 3 0、2 0± 0 3 3g ;用CY治疗的抑瘤率分别是 4 8 7% ,81 3 % ,86 0 % ,78 7%及 67 1%。结论 4株克隆细胞的生物学特性基本符合L12 10细胞 ,对化疗药物CY的敏感性均高于L12 10细胞 相似文献
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研究了皖麦50及~(60)Co-γ射线诱发的Glu-1A突变体的比较蛋白质组学,结果表明,突变体蛋白质含量增加,2-D电泳图上有11个蛋白质斑点表达差异显著,其中3个蛋白点上调,8个蛋白点下调。经MALDI-TOF/TOF质谱鉴定,差异蛋白点涉及44个蛋白质。通过GO分析,参与生物过程的差异蛋白中,18个蛋白质参与代谢过程,18个蛋白质参与细胞过程,8个蛋白质参与刺激响应。参与分子功能差异蛋白中,18个蛋白质参与催化活性,10个蛋白质参与链结,7个肽段为分子功能调解剂,9个肽段为未知蛋白。参与细胞成分的差异蛋白中,12个蛋白质为胞外区蛋白,12个蛋白质为细胞,9个蛋白质为细胞器,2个蛋白质为膜,9个蛋白质为未知蛋白。KEGG通路注解表明,差异蛋白质中,4个蛋白质参与淀粉和蔗糖代谢,3个蛋白质参与氨基糖和核苷酸糖代谢,1个参与丙酮循环,1个参与半胱氨酸和甲硫氨酸代谢,1个参与丙酮酸代谢,1个参与乙醛酸和二羧酸代谢,1个参与光合生物碳固定,1个参与碳代谢信息通路。 相似文献
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构建腺病毒穿梭载体pAd RSV ,并将p3 8MAPK (mitogen activatedproteinkinase)的上游激酶MKK6(mitogen activatedproteinkinasekinase 6)及其持续激活和无活性的突变体基因亚克隆到该穿梭载体 .通过与腺病毒DNA(pJM17)在能够表达E1的HEK 2 93细胞同源重组生成了能够表达MKK6信号分子的重组腺病毒 .PCR结果表明 ,这些重组腺病毒DNA的插入片段大小是正确的 .而且 ,通过感染COS 7细胞 ,用免疫激酶活性测定证实这些重组的腺病毒能够表达具有功能的蛋白质 . 相似文献
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口蹄疫是一种烈性传染病,其广泛流行给社会造成了巨大经济损失。为了研究口蹄疫灭活疫苗免疫的分子机制,同时也为抗口蹄疫病毒药物的研制奠定基础,本研究应用mRNA差异显示技术,以PK-15细胞为材料,系统比较了口蹄疫疫苗刺激组(A组)和正常的PK-15细胞(B组)的基因表达情况,回收差异片段,经二次扩增并纯化后,得到30条ESTs。将30条ESTs采用以地高辛标记的反向Northern点杂交鉴定,将阳性条带克隆测序,筛选出8条ESTs,编号E1~E8,应用BLASTn工具将8条ESTs对核酸数据库nr和dbEST中所有序列进行了同源性分析,其中E1,E2分别与猪的热休克蛋白基因、猪的MHCⅠ类基因同源,序列相似性都达到100%。E3,E4,E5,E7分别与已有核酸数据库中的基因克隆或EST具有较高同源性,为已知的EST,但功能未知;E6,E8在数据库中没有发现与其相似性较高的序列,为新的EST。应用数据库资源将E5、E7进行电子延伸后,将延伸序列进行开放阅读框分析,又经TBLASTx分析发现E7蛋白质序列与猪的精氨酸酶Ⅰ类蛋白序列有很高同源性。将E1、E2、E4、E5序列进行了基因表达谱分析,对E6、E8用BLASTx工具对非冗余蛋白质数据库nr进行了相似性搜索,在其他物种中找到了相似的基因序列。本研究筛选出的热休克蛋白基因、MHCⅠ类基因、精氨酸酶Ⅰ类基因和其他未知功能基因可以作为抗口蹄疫病毒研究中的侯选基因,其具体的功能有待今后进一步研究。 相似文献
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Chaogu Zheng Yijun Qiu Qiqun Zeng Ying Zhang Di Lu Dongling Yang Jing Feng Xiyun Yan 《The international journal of biochemistry & cell biology》2009,41(11):2163-2172
Tumor angiogenesis, induced by tumor-secreted pro-angiogenic factors, is an essential process for cancer development and metastasis. CD146 is identified as an endothelial cell adhesion molecule and implicated in blood vessel formation, however, its exact role in angiogenesis, particularly tumor angiogenesis, and its potential function of mediating downstream signaling are still unclear. In present study, we evidenced that silencing endogenous endothelial CD146 by RNAi significantly impaired hepatocarcinoma cell secretions-promoted tubular morphogenesis and -enhanced motility of endothelial cells. Biochemical studies revealed that CD146 was required for the activation of p38/IKK/NFκB signaling cascade and up-regulation of NFκB downstream pro-angiogenic genes, notably IL-8, ICAM-1 and MMP9, in response to tumor secretions. Interestingly, specific anti-CD146 mAb AA98, which bound a conformational epitope depending on C452–C499 disulfide bond, could abrogate NFκB activation and tumor angiogenesis, whereas another anti-CD146 mAb AA1 recognizing a linear epitope containing aa50–54 did not have such effects. Further structure–function analysis identified that C452–C499 disulfide bond within the fifth extracellular Ig domain was indispensible for CD146-mediated signaling and tube formation. Moreover, dimerization of CD146, which was enhanced by tumor secretions and suppressed by AA98 but not AA1, also relied on C452 and C499. Together, this study for the first time uncovered the pro-angiogenic role of CD146 and also pinpointed the key structural basis responsible for its signaling function and dimerization. These findings also suggested that CD146 might serve as not just a cell adhesion molecule but also a membrane signal receptor in tumor-induced angiogenesis. 相似文献
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蛋白磷酸酶2A(protein phosphatase 2A,PP2A)是细胞中广泛表达的异三聚体全酶,调节许多重要的信号通路,它的表达异常所致的信号通路紊乱会引发肿瘤和促进肿瘤的发展.PP2A在特定的状态下能够发挥抑癌因子的作用,这种抑癌特性由B调节亚基与底物的相互作用来决定,因此B调节亚基在PP2A的抑癌功能中起关键作用. 相似文献
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Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) is a critical regulator of multiple biological functions including innate and adaptive immunity and cell survival. Activation of NF-κB is tightly regulated to preclude chronic signaling that may lead to persistent inflammation and cancer. Ubiquitination of key signaling molecules by E3 ubiquitin ligases has emerged as an important regulatory mechanism for NF-κB signaling. Deubiquitinases (DUBs) counteract E3 ligases and therefore play a prominent role in the downregulation of NF-κB signaling and homeostasis. Understanding the mechanisms of NF-κB downregulation by specific DUBs such as A20 and CYLD may provide therapeutic opportunities for the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases and cancer. 相似文献
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Ubiquitination, and its control by deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs), mediates protein stability, function, signaling and cell fate. The ovarian tumor (OTU) family DUB OTULIN (FAM105B) exclusively cleaves linear (Met1-linked) poly-ubiquitin chains and plays important roles in auto-immunity, inflammation and infection. OTULIN regulates Met1-linked ubiquitination downstream of tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1), toll-like receptor (TLR) and nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain-containing protein 2 (NOD2) receptor activation and interacts with the Met1 ubiquitin-specific linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC) E3 ligase. However, despite extensive research efforts, the receptor and cytosolic roles of OTULIN and the distributions of multiple Met1 ubiquitin-associated E3-DUB complexes in the regulation of cell fate still remain controversial and unclear. Apart from that, novel ubiquitin-independent OTULIN functions have emerged highlighting an even more complex role of OTULIN in cellular homeostasis. For example, OTULIN interferes with endosome-to-plasma membrane trafficking and the OTULIN-related pseudo-DUB OTULINL (FAM105A) resides at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Here, we discuss how OTULIN contributes to cell fate control and highlight novel ubiquitin-dependent and -independent functions.Subject terms: Biochemistry, Cell biology 相似文献
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NF-κB(核因子κ增强子结合蛋白)是核转录因子家族成员,具有调节免疫、炎症和细胞存活的功能.它可被TRAF2(tumor necrosis factor receptor associated factor 2,肿瘤坏死因子受体相关因子2)等相关因子活化.TRAF2包含了N-端的环指结构域和C-端的高度保守结构域.它通过与肿瘤坏死因子受体超家族成员相互作用,介导了下游信号通路.而TRAF2的泛素化在过程中是关键的,鞘磷脂作为TRAF2的泛素化连接酶辅助因子,在TRAF2介导的NF-κB信号通路中发挥重要作用. 相似文献
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Background
The nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) family members regulate several biological processes as cell proliferation and differentiation, inflammation, immunity and tumor progression. Ubiquitination plays a key role in NF-κB activation and the ubiquitylated transmitters of the NF-κB signaling cascade accumulate in close proximity to endomembranes.Findings
We performed an unbiased siRNA library screen targeting the 46 E3 ubiquitin ligases bearing transmembrane domains to uncover new modulators of NF-κB activation, using tumor necrosis factor–α (TNF-α) receptor (TNFR) stimulation as a model. We report here the identification of a new Golgi Apparatus-resident protein, RNF121, as an enhancer of NF-κB promoter activity through the catalytic function of its RING domain. From a molecular standpoint, while knocking down RNF121 did not alter RIP1 ubiquitination and IKK activation, the proteasomal degradation of IκBα was impaired suggesting that this E3 ubiquitin ligase regulates this process. However, RNF121 did not directly ubiquitinate IκBα While they were found in the same complex. Finally, we discovered that RNF121 acts as a broad regulator of NF-κB signaling since its silencing also dampens NF-κB activation following stimulation of Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs), Nod-Like Receptors (NLRs), RIG-I-Like Receptors (RLRs) or after DNA damages.Conclusions
These results unveil an unexpected role of Golgi Apparatus and reveal RNF121 as a new player involved in the signaling leading to NF-κB activation.19.
Ubiquitin enzymes in the regulation of immune responses 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Petra Ebner Gijs A. Versteeg 《Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology》2017,52(4):425-460
Ubiquitination plays a central role in the regulation of various biological functions including immune responses. Ubiquitination is induced by a cascade of enzymatic reactions by E1 ubiquitin activating enzyme, E2 ubiquitin conjugating enzyme, and E3 ubiquitin ligase, and reversed by deubiquitinases. Depending on the enzymes, specific linkage types of ubiquitin chains are generated or hydrolyzed. Because different linkage types of ubiquitin chains control the fate of the substrate, understanding the regulatory mechanisms of ubiquitin enzymes is central. In this review, we highlight the most recent knowledge of ubiquitination in the immune signaling cascades including the T cell and B cell signaling cascades as well as the TNF signaling cascade regulated by various ubiquitin enzymes. Furthermore, we highlight the TRIM ubiquitin ligase family as one of the examples of critical E3 ubiquitin ligases in the regulation of immune responses. 相似文献
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A phosphorylated form of Mel-18 targets the Ring1B histone H2A ubiquitin ligase to chromatin 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Elderkin S Maertens GN Endoh M Mallery DL Morrice N Koseki H Peters G Brockdorff N Hiom K 《Molecular cell》2007,28(1):107-120
Recent studies have shown that PRC1-like Polycomb repressor complexes monoubiquity-late chromatin on histone H2A at lysine residue 119. Here we have analyzed the function of the polycomb protein Mel-18. Using affinity-tagged human MEL-18, we identify a polycomb-like complex, melPRC1, containing the core PRC1 proteins, RING1/2, HPH2, and CBX8. We show that, in ES cells, melPRC1 can functionally substitute for other PRC1-like complexes in Hox gene repression. A reconstituted subcomplex containing only Ring1B and Mel-18 functions as an efficient ubiquitin E3 ligase. This complex ubiquitylates free histone substrates nonspecifically but is highly specific for histone H2A lysine 119 in the context of nucleosomes. Mutational analysis demonstrates that while Ring1B is required for E3 function, Mel-18 directs this activity to H2A lysine 119 in chromatin. Moreover, this substrate-targeting function of Mel-18 is dependent on its prior phosphorylation at multiple residues, providing a direct link between chromatin modification and cell signaling pathways. 相似文献