湖北长阳上泥盆统写经寺组中的几个苔藓虫

本文所描述的苔藓虫是1951年穆恩之和笔者研究鄂西长阳马鞍山一带的地层时采得的。有关这一地区的泥盆纪地层已在古生物学报1卷2期(1953)发表。写经寺组在马鞍山位于上泥盆统黄家磴组之上,中石炭统黄龙羣之下。苔藓虫化石产在写经寺组中部     

湖北西部上泥盆纪介形类化石*

本文所描述的材料系杨敬之、穆恩之二先生于1951年春季采自湖北西部长阳马鞍山的向家磴、双栗树及白岩槽等地的上泥盆纪写经寺层;因化石大部分都已铁化,保存较好。共计11属15种,共中有4个新属及11个新种不能鉴定者数种。兹将各属所发现的种属分别表列如下:长阳上泥盆纪写经寺层中产丰富化石的岩层仅有30米,除其上部有零星化石不计外,还可分为中下两部:a)中部为薄层石灰岩及黄色泥质石灰岩,含介形类化石(By 230)及(By 7)。     

湖北长阳中奥陶纪扬子贝层中的鹦鹉螺化石*

一.前言本文所介绍的头足类鹦鹉螺化石是1951年杨敬之、穆恩之两先生在湖北长阳县南面的多宝寺一带艾家山统下部地层中采得的。据杨、穆两先生的意见,将艾家山统自下而上划分为五个化石带:     

四川龙门山晚泥盆世植物的发现

四川西北龙门山北段海相泥盆系上统十分发育,化石也非常丰富,尤其腕足类更加丰富多彩.这是众所周知的.然而含植物化石的上泥盆统至今还没有可靠的报道.广元上寺长江沟一带假整合于中志留统之上的一套石英砂岩,历年来都被视为下泥盆统平驿铺组(见1978,《西南地区区域地层表》四川分册,地质出版社出版,349页).1974年成都地质学院找矿系地古教研室何廷贵等同志,曾采得一些保存较差的植物化石,由南京古生物研究所蔡重阳同志     

滇东早泥盆世的北极鱼(Arctolepids)化石

本文记述了云南东部下泥盆统几个不同地点和层位的北极鱼化石,建立了一新属种——云南斯氏鱼(Szeaspis yunnanensis gen.et sp.nov.)。根据北极鱼的发现,讨论了滇东下泥盆统与志留系的分界以及徐家冲组的时代。同时对迄今发现于中国的北极鱼化石作了扼要回顾,特别对中华贵州鱼(Kueichowlepis sinensis)的性质和“湖北长阳鱼”(‘Changyanophytonhupeiensis’)的系统位置进行了讨论。     

新疆上泥盆纪Leptophloeum rhombicum Dawson的一个新发现*

自从1950年日本古植物学家橘行一氏(Koichi Tachibana)在日本的岩手县(Iwate Prefecture)东祝郡(Higashiiwan-gun)的上泥盆纪的Nakakura(中仓)层发现Leptophloeum 化石后,这一属植物在中国于1951年陆续发现于湖北长阳的黄家磴层,江西安远的盘古山层,广东花县的打鼓岭层,甘肃天水的巴都系,其地层时代俱属于上泥盆纪。中国的上泥盆纪植物群曾经笔者描述于中国古生物志总号136册,新甲种第4号及中国科学第1卷第2期。1954年Leptophloeum 化石复发现于前宁夏省(现属于甘肃省)中宁县的上泥盆纪的红色硬砂岩层,此种重要发现复经笔者报道于古生物学报第2卷第2期及中国科学第3卷第1期。笔者在1952年所发表的论文中对于中国     

宁夏上泥盆纪鳞木状植物的发现和讨论

解放后的数年来,上泥盆纪的陆相地层及植物化石,在中国陆积有所发现,如湖北西南部长阳县及松滋县的黄家磴层,广东花县的打鼓领层,江西安远县的盘古山层以及甘肃天水县的巴都系红层,植物化石经作者的研究,发表于中国古生物志,总号第136册,新甲种第4号及中国科学(外文版)第1卷第2期。在那里对於中国上泥盆纪陆相地层及植物化石和全世界同时代的地层及化石的关系,讨论比较详细。和全世界上泥盆纪相似,中国上泥盆纪植物群最重要的代表,是一     

渝东南地区泥盆纪牙形刺及其地层意义

本文研究了渝东南地区3个泥盆纪剖面的牙形刺,黔江濯水剖面的顶部(第7层)产有Palmatolepis quadrantinodosalobata等牙形刺,时代为法门期早期Middle crepida带至Lower rhomboidea带,是本区泥盆纪海相沉积的最高层位;酉阳兴隆剖面(第51层)发现牙形刺Palmatolepis semichatovae等牙形刺,时代为弗拉斯期晚期Lower rhenana带;濯水剖面的5层和6层、黔江水泥厂剖面的5层至7层以及酉阳兴隆剖面的52层和53层均产有较多的弗拉斯期晚期的牙形刺。本区写经寺组、黄家磴组和云台观组都可能是穿时的,写经寺组在各剖面残留厚度不同。写经寺组的时代为弗拉斯期晚期至法门期早期。本区缺少法门期中、晚期的典型的海相沉积。描述了一个新种Polygnathus chongqingensis Wang sp.nov.。     

几个中奥陶纪介形类新种*

中国中奥陶纪介形类化石最初发现于辽宁省太子河流域本溪县田师付附近;标本系1950年东北地质调查队杨敬之、穆恩之二先生采自中奥陶纪马家沟下部不纯的深灰色虫迹石灰岩中。仅有Bollia sinensis 及Bollia taitze(?)oensis 两种,种的个体分布相当普遍;与头足类Armenoceras,Steroplasmoceras,腕足类Rafinesquina,Dalmanella及三叶虫、苔藓虫等共生。1951年杨敬之、穆恩之二同志调查鄂西地质时在湖北长阳杨柳屯中奥陶纪艾家山层的上部又发现了介形类化石一层,个体虽甚丰富,但仅有Euprimitia sinensis 一新     

四川剑阁城墙岩羣汉阳铺组介形类的发现

本文所描述的材料主要是笔者于1957年随同王钰、穆恩之二先生在鄂西宜昌、秭归一带的庙坡页岩组中所采得的;一小部分分别为计荣森、许德佑、王钰诸先生在解放以前在宜昌县境,杨敬之、穆恩之二先生于1951年在长阳县境,张文堂先生等于1956年在宜昌县境的相当地层中采集的。鄂西中奥陶世笔石,虽然在解放以前已为计、许、王诸先生所发现,但直到1954年杨敬之、穆恩之二先生在讨论鄂西奥陶纪地层时,才开始有所记载。杨、穆等将此层页岩称为Glyptograptus teretiusculus 带,归入艾家山统。1956年,张文堂等命名为庙坡页岩。页岩中的部分笔石曾为洪友崇所描述。洪友崇误认为属于Dicranograptus clinsgani 带,而     

Reanalysis of Heintzichthys gouldii (Newberry), an aspinothoracid arthrodire (Placodermi) from the Famennian of northern Ohio, with a review of brachythoracid systematics

Heintzichthys gouldii is redescribed based on new material from the Interstate 71 Paleontological Salvage Project (Cleveland Museum of Natural History, 1966-67). Phylogenetic analysis of brachythoracid arthrodires clearly shows the monophyly of Camuropiscidae and the aspinothoracid arthrodires. Heintzichthys gouldii and Gorgonichthys clarki are removed from Dinichthyidae and placed within aspinothoracid arthrodires. The remaining members in the family Dinichthyidae are united solely by plesiomorphic characters. A number of putative synapomorphies for the eubrachythoracid arthrodires are questioned; however, the validity of this taxon is supported by three synapomorphies.     

Vertebrate fossils of the Middle Devonian (Eifelian) Mühlenberg Formation in the Bergisches Land, northwestern Germany

Vertebrate fossils of the lower Middle Devonian Mühlenberg Formation from the western Bergisches Land (eastern Rhenish Massif) are described. The placoderms are represented by disarticulated plates of coccosteid arthrodires and the acanthodians by several ischnacanthid jaw bones and aMachaeracanthus finspine. The arthrodires are assigned to a new species; a new genus has to be erected if remains of trunk and head shield remains are conspecific.     

A second eubrachythoracid arthrodire from Gogo, Western Australia

A new genus of long-snouted, eubrachythoracid arthrodire, Camuropiscis gen. nov., is described from the Upper Devonian Gogo formation of Western Australia. It is represented by two species, the type C. concinnus sp. nov. and C. laidlawi sp. nov. These species are interchangeable with Coccosteus spp. in a sketch cladograin for arthrodires; their phylogenetic relationships are not known in any detail. C. concinnus has a well-preserved pelvic girdle and throws new light on the structure of this element in arthrodires.     

A pachyosteomorph arthrodire from Gogo, Western Australia

A new monotypic genus of eubrachythoracid arthrodire is described from die Upper Devonian Gogo Formation of Western Australia as Incisoscutum ritchiei gen. et sp. nov. It is at die pachyosteomorph level of organization, having no contact between the plates of die flank and those of the ventral shield behind the pectoral fin. It is interchangeable widi Coccosteus spp. and a number of earlier described Gogo forms in a sketch dadogram for arthrodires, but its phylogenedc relationships are unknown. Well preserved material of die scapulocoracoid throws new light on die structure of this element in arthrodires, particularly widi respect to variations in die pattern of canals and foramina.     

A primitive eubrachythoracid arthrodire from Gogo, Western Australia

A new eubrachythoracid arthrodire, Hanytoombsia elegans gen. et sp. nov., is described from the Upper Devonian Gogo formation of Western Australia. Its structure and relationships are discussed within the framework provided by a new sketch cladogram for arthrodires. H. elegans is morphologically similar to Coccosteus cuspidatus , but its relationships among primitive eubrachythoracids are unknown.     

The morphology of Yujiangolepis liujingensis (Placodermi,Arthrodira) from the Pragian of Guangxi (south China) and its phylogenetic significance

The morphology of the arthrodire placoderm Yujiangolepis liujingensis Wang, Pan & Wang, 1998, from the Lower Devonian of Guangxi is redescribed, and compared to that of the basal arthrodires Antarctaspis White, 1968 from Antarctica, Toombalepis Young & Goujet, 2003 and Wuttagoonaspis Ritchie, 1973 from Australia, and Yiminaspis Dupret, 2008 from south China. A very small plate of the skull roof at the junction of the nuchal, marginal, postorbital, and paranuchal plates is considered as the vestigial homologue of the anterior paranuchal plate in the Petalichthyida and Acanthothoraci. Yujiangolepis is attributed to the family ‘Antarctaspididae’ White, 1968, together with the genera Antarctaspis and Toombalepis. A computerized phylogenetic analysis resolved Yujiangolepis as the most basal arthrodire, and the family ‘Antarctaspididae’ appears paraphyletic, Yujiangolepis being possibly the most basal. The family Wuttagoonaspididae contains the genera Wuttagoonaspis and Yiminaspis, and remains monophyletic. A Chinese origin of the ‘Antarctaspididae’ is proposed, together with a southward dispersal into Gondwana during the Early Emsian.     

Wildungenichthys grossi n. gen., n. sp. — a new selenosteid arthrodire (Placodermi, Arthrodira) from the Kellwasserkalk (late Frasnian, Upper Devonian) of Bad Wildungen (Hessen, W-Germany)

A new arthrodire genus and species,Wildungenichthys grossi, is described from the Frasnian Kellwasserkalk of Bad Wildungen (W-Germany) from an incomplete skull with parts of the mandible and shoulder girdle. The new taxon is unique in a number of features, including the loss or probable fusion of the postmarginal, strong reduction of infraorbital sensory line canal on suborbital, firm connection of the cheek and skull roof and an unusual configuration of the cheek bones. It is an advanced pachyosteomorph eubrachythoracan and is referred to the Selenosteidae, showing close resemblances toEnseosteus.     

New finds of vertebrates in the Middle Devonian Brandenberg Group (Sauerland, Northwest Germany)

The arthrodires of the Eifelian Brandenberg Group of Hagen-Ambrock and Lasbeck (Northwest Germany) are described. A new tuberculated holonematid arthrodire (Holonema bruehni n. sp.) is represented by plates of the trunk shield and some plates of the head region. The tuberculation is here regarded as the plesiomorphic character of the Holonematidae compared to an ornamentation of ridges in advanced genera. This agrees with the stratigraphical occurrence of the new form. Additionally, several other plates belonging to at least three different taxa of coccosteid arthrodires have been found. Despite the absence of complete skeletons, the placoderm fauna is more diverse than the fauna of the classical Scottish Eifelian localities.