山东汉族成人的Heath-Carter法体型研究

应用HeathCarter人体测量法对1001名（男502名,女499名）年龄在20—88岁间的山东省青州和临朐两县市的城乡汉族（以下简称山东汉族）进行了体型评定。结果是：（1）山东汉族男性的平均体型值为44—48—17（城4.6—4.7—1.5,乡4.2—4.8—1.8）,属内胚层-中胚层均衡型体型;各年龄组中以内胚层-中胚层均衡体型、偏内胚层的中胚层体型及偏中胚层的内胚层体型为主。女性的平均体型值为5.7—4.2—1.4（城5.8—4.2—1.3,乡5.6—4.2—1.4）,属偏中胚层的内胚层体型;各年龄组中以偏中胚层的内胚层体型及内胚层-中胚层均衡体型为主。（2）随着年龄的增长,男（20—44岁）女（20—54岁）性内、中因子值上升,外因子值下降。城乡男女以30岁为体型分界点,表现为30岁前后的体型差异。（3）汉族成年人体型存在显著性性别差异,但无城乡差异。（4）山东汉族男性与蒙古族及加拿大样本人群的平均体型相类似;女性平均体型介于鄂温克族、鄂伦春族、达斡尔族和蒙古族样本人群的平均体型之间。     

Blood groups of Roms (Gypsies) in Czechoslovakia

Blood groups in 2,935 Roms (Gypsies) of East Slovakia show the following frequencies of phenotypes and genes: A₁A₂BO phenotypes: A₁ — 32.91%, A₂ — 2.42%, B — 25.21%, O — 30.15%, A₁B — 8.45%, A₂B — 0.85%, A₁ — 0.2363, A₂ — 0.0217, B — 0.1929, O — 0.5491. MN phenotypes: M — 27.16%, MN — 51.60%, N — 21.23%; m — 0.5297, n — 0.4703. RH phenotypes: Rh positive — 89.54%, Rh negative — 10.46%; Rh – (D) — 0.6766, Rh (d) 0.3234. The frequencies are contrasted with those of other inhabitants, non-Roms of East Slovakia.     

Aquatic insects of cross-border water currents between Belarus and Ukraine

224 species of aquatic insects from 9 orders were found in cross-border water currents between Belarus and Ukraine: Collembola—4, Plecoptera—3, Ephemeroptera—25, Odonata—33, Trichoptera—47, Megaloptera—1, Heteroptera—19, Coleoptera—88, Lepidoptera—4 species. The fauna of aquatic insects is rich and includes a number of species rare in Belarus and Europe.     

鲢、鳙肌肉生化成分的分析

同一季节收集的不同体长组的鲢、鳙肌肉的生化成分,随着鱼体的增长水分含量逐渐下降,而脂肪含量则逐渐增加,蛋白质、无氮浸出物及灰分变幅不大,且与体长变化无明显的从属关系;同一体长组的鳙肌肉水分高于鲢,而脂肪含量则低于鲢,蛋白质、灰分、无氮浸出物含量差异不大。同年收集的1+及2+龄鲢、鳙的肌肉生化成分随着季节的延续,水分含量逐步下降,蛋白质及脂肪含量逐步上升,无氮浸出物及灰分含量变化不大;1+龄鱼水分含量比2+龄鱼高,蛋白质及脂肪含量则比2+龄鱼低,其余成分含量差别不显著。       

单脏科吸虫二新种

鮻单脏吸虫,新种Haplosplanchnus lizae sp. nov. 和巨卵希氏单脏吸虫,新种Schikhobalotrema megaovus sp. nov. 检获于厦门集美附近海域棱鮻Liza carinatus肠道.鮻单脏吸虫,新种Haplosplanchnus lizae sp. nov与该属已知种的双腺单脏吸虫H. bivitellosus Zhukov,1971最为相似,它们都具有2列卵黄腺,但在卵黄腺的组成和虫卵大小方面存在明显差别;巨卵希氏单脏吸虫,新种Schikhobalotrema megaovus sp. nov. 与该属已知种的区别在于其虫卵0.130-0.12×0.096-0.120(0.133×0.108)特别大.       

Ontogeny of the cricket Phaeophilacris bredoides Kaltenbach (Orthoptera, Gryllidae)

Development of Phaeophilacris bredoides Kalt. was studied under stable laboratory conditions: temperature of 26°C, air humidity 60%, and 12L: 12D photoperiod (Knyazev, 1985). The life cycle of Ph. bredoides includes four stages: egg, pronymph, nymph, and adult. The duration of embryonic development is 28 days. The nymphal ontogeny lasts 230 days and consists of 25 instars. The duration of nymphal instars (days) is: 1st—16, 2nd—6, 3rd—8, 4th—10, 5th—10, 6th—15, 7th—10, 8th—8, 9th—9, 10th—11, 11th—11, 12th—8, 13th—9, 14th—10, 15th—7, 16th—9, 17th—7, 18th—7, 19th—7, 20th—10, 21st—11, 22nd—7, 23rd—9, 24th—6, and 25th—9. The duration of adult life is 126 days in males and 125 days in females. Three periods were distinguished in the imaginal ontogeny of males and females: pre-reproductive, reproductive, and post-reproductive. The pre-reproductive period begins with the molt to the adult and ends with the onset of reproductive behavior in males and with the first copulation in females. Its duration is 4 (3–6) days in males and 5 (2–7) days in females. The reproductive period in males starts with the onset of reproductive behavior on the 4th (3rd–6th) day and lasts 119 (98–135) days. In females it begins when they start responding to males’ courtship behavior and lasts 116 (97–133) days. The female reproductive period includes two alternating phases: copulation and egg-laying. The egg-laying phase is initiated by successful copulation. The post-reproductive period in females starts when oviposition ceases and in males, when their reproductive behavior disappears. This period lasts about 3 (2–3) days in males and 4 (2–7) days in females, until the insect dies.     

Study On L—Tryptoqhan Production By Microbiology

<正> L—Tryptophan(1—amino—28—[3—indoylyl]—propionic acid,2—[3-indoylyl]—(?)—a lanine) The amino acid G_6H_4 NHCHCCH_2CHNH_2COOH is neutral and aromatie of ahite or slight yellow color, leaflets crystal, or poader; m.p.275～290 (dec,); speciftc rotation [(?)]_D~(20)=-31.5′(C=1,for water); p1=5.89; soluble in water, dilue acid and basic solutions, It is decomposed when heated in     

曲霉属黄绿组的一个产毒新种

本文报道曲霉属黄绿组(通常称黄曲霉群)的一个产毒新种肇庆曲霉(Aspergillus zhaoqingensis sp.nov.)。该菌分离广东肇庆土壤,在形态上近于米曲霉(A.oryzae),但作为该组的关键分类特征分生孢子纹饰很不相同:本种的分生孢子明显的粗疏粗糙至具不规则的脊状突起而米曲霉则为光滑或稍粗糙。本种能产生黄曲霉毒素B_1而米曲霉则不产生。本菌亦不同于组内其它菌种。文中对与黄曲霉密切相关诸种也作了简短的讨论。     

Phosphorus metabolism during ripening ofGlycine max. (L.)Merril

The seeds, seed covers and leaves, taken after 17, 27, 37, and 47 days after tagging of flowers of soybean, were analysed quantitatively for their contents of different phosphorus fractions. Total phosphorus content increased in seed cover and leaves, there was a gradual decrease during ripening. All the phosphorus fractions i.e. acid soluble—P, lipid—P, nucleic acid—P, and protein—P were found to increase with maturity in seeds whereas in case of seed covers the content of acid soluble—P, nucleic acid—P and protein—P decreased but a marked increase was observed in lipid—P. In leaves during ripening, all the phosphorus fractions decreased except protein—P which was found to be almost constant. In lipid—P an increase was observed during later stages of maturity.     

古尼虫草分生孢子阶段的分离和鉴定

用古尼虫草[Cordyceps gunnii(Berk.)Berk.]的子座和内菌核作组织分离,用成熟子座自然发射的子囊孢子作孢子分离,经多批次重复操作结果皆获得同一种真菌培养物。鉴定表明这种真菌是拟青霉属的一个新种——古尼拟青霉(Paecilomyces gunnii Liang sp.nov.)。它的主要特征是,在察氏琼脂上菌落白色至灰色,背面棕色;分生孢子梗短,多从气生菌丝上长出,一般长60μm;瓶梗7—12(-19)×2—3(-4)μm,有再育现象;分生孢子多数拟椭圆形或梭形,表面具细刺,(1.6-)2.6—4.0(-4.8)×(1.2-)1.6—2.5(-3.5)μm,平均大小为4.0×2.6μm;厚垣孢子近球形,光滑;5.5—7.2×3.2—5.5μm。32℃以上不生长。     

Aquatic insects of the Neman River and its tributaries

The aquatic insects of the Neman River and its tributaries were studied. 178 species belonging to 9 orders were found: Collembola—2 species, Ephemeroptera—33, Odonata—16, Plecoptera—10, Heteroptera—20, Coleoptera—39, Megaloptera—2, Trichoptera—54, and Lepidoptera—2 species. Two species of aquatic insects new for the Belarusian fauna were found, Pomatinus substriatus (Ph. Müller, 1806) (Coleoptera) and Brachycercus europaeus Kluge, 1991 (Ephemeroptera).     

Vitamin K-dependent carboxylase: Synthesis of an inhibitor of the glutamyl binding site

Liver microsomes contain a vitamin K and O₂-dependent carboxylase that converts peptide-bound glutamyl residues to γ-carboxyglutamyl residues. The peptide Boc-O-phospho—Ser-O-phospho—Ser—Leu-OMe has now been synthesized. This peptide inhibits the carboxylation of endogenous protein precursors by a detergent-solubilized preparation of the carboxylase and is an apparent competitive inhibitor of the carboxylation of Phe—Leu—Glu—Glu—Leu.     

The Detailed Conformational Study of a Leukotriene Antagonist,FPL-55712, using High-Field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Abstract

High-field proton magnetic resonance measurements at 400 MHz and 600 MHz allowed the evaluation of the preferred conformations of a leukotriene antagonist, FPL-55712. The experiments involved an analysis of proton-proton coupling constants, longitudinal relaxation time data and nuclear Overhauser effect experiments. The NMR parameters confirm the conformational features expected from X-ray and microwave data for related substances, such as rotational freedom about C14—C15 and C15—C16, synperiplanar arrangements for C7—C8—O—C14 and C16—O—C17—C18 and segmental motion in the propyl side chains.     

Crystal Structure of 1-(2′,3′,5′-Tri -O-Acetyl-β-D-ribofuranosyl)-3-acetoxy-2-pyridone: An Antitumour Agent

Abstract

1–C3′, 3′, 5′–Tri—O—acetyl— β—D—ribof uranosyll)—3—acetoxy —2—pyridone,crystallised in space group P2 with z=2 and cell parameters a=12. 446(2), b=10. 415(2), c=7. 600(2) A, β=03. 3O(4). The structure was solved by direct methods and refined by full—matrix least—squares to a final R value of 0·251 for 1847 observed reflections. The sugar—pucker is found to be ³ECC3′ endo) with P = 17.7° and x_CN=170. 2(2)° in the range. The C4′-C5′ conformation is gauche minus. Because of the absence of H—bond donor atoms. the crystal structure is stabilised by a network of C-H—-O close contacts. No base stacking is observed.     

黑河中游典型土地利用方式下土壤粒径分布及与有机碳的关系

土地利用方式是影响土壤粒径分布、土壤有机碳及其组成含量的重要因素。研究显示:黑河中游典型土地利用类型下,不同土壤粒径分布和土壤总有机碳(TOC)、活性有机碳(AOC)、非活性有机碳(NOC)的含量存在差异。剖面上TOC、AOC、NOC含量较高的旱地、水田、中覆盖度草地与含量较低的戈壁、裸土地、沙地、盐碱地相比,<1μm、1—5μm、5—10μm、10—50μm的粒径含量较高,而50—250μm、250—1000μm的含量较低,这种变化以50μm为分界,分析表明<50μm的粉粒和粘粒可起到固碳作用,而50—250μm、250—1000μm的砂粒起碳损失作用。统计结果表明,以50μm为分界,水田、戈壁、中覆盖度草地剖面上TOC、AOC、NOC与1—5μm、5—10μm、10—50μm呈正相关,与50—250μm、250—1000μm呈负相关。分析发现,粉粒和粘粒与土壤TOC、AOC、NOC的关系较显著,是影响和控制团聚体形成和稳定的重要因素。增加地表植被覆盖度、退化生态系统的植被恢复、农田耕种、防风固沙措施是提高土壤有机碳、粘粒和粉粒含量的方式,也为土壤团聚体的形成和稳定提供基础。     

Interactions between k-Casein and β-Lactoglobulin: Effects of Anions on Covalent Stabilization of the Complex

Structure breaking anions, trichloroacetate ( — TCA~) and thiocyanate ( — SCN~), significantly increased the interaction between 7c-casein (K-C) and /Mactoglobulin (B-Lg) to give the covalently stabilized K-C/B-Lg tetrameric (A4) complex, whereas “structure making” anions, chloride ( — Cl^-) and especially sulfate ( —SO4), reduced it. The reactivity of K-C with B-Lg in the presence of these anions followed the order, — TCA~ > — SCN~ > — Cl” > — SO4 (100mm). The percentile distribution of the covalent bonded K-C/B-Lg A4 complex after 720 s of heating at 70°C in — TCA~ (lOOmm) was one order greater than it was in — SO^- During storage of the heated K- C/B-Lg mixture, the B-Lg A3/K-C interaction in — TCA~ was rapid and uneffected by the holding temperature, whereas in — SO4, the reaction rate was inversely related to the temperature, being apparently controlled by the relative concentration of monomeric K-C.     

The stoneflies (Plecoptera) of Belarus: Fauna and biotopic distribution

A total of 29 species of stoneflies (Plecoptera) from 7 families were found in Belarus: Perlodidae—6, Perlidae—1, Chloroperlidae—3, Taeniopterygidae—2, Nemouridae—11, Capniidae—2, and Leuctridae—4 species. The fauna is fairly diverse and includes a number of rare species in Belarus and other European countries: Diura bicaudata, Marthamea vitripennis, Isoptena serricornis, Xanthoperla apicalis, Brachyptera risi, Protonemura intricata, Nemoura cambrica, Nemoura marginata, and Capnia bifrons.     

Weights and measures of Ugandan pelicans with some seasonal variations

Samples of White and Pink-backed Pelicans from the Rwenzori National Park, Uganda were weighed and measured. The results are given below as mean values in the order of male and female White Pelicans and male and female Pink-backed Pelicans. Only a few measurements were taken of female White Pelicans. Further details given in the Tables include sample size, standard deviation and range. Linear measurements (cm): total body length:— 177.3, 136.7, 146.9, 134.0; tail length:—18.1, -, 17.2, 16.6; tarsometatarsus:— 14.2, -, 9.6, 8.7: cu1men:— 41.8, 31.4, 35.7, 30.5; lower mandible:— 49.3, -, 40.3, 34.6; wing span:— 285.8, 246.4, 233.9, 224.2; wing length:— 136.5, -, 112.9, 105.8; standard wing length:— 70.2, -, 60.5, 56.0; chord:— 70.8, -, 35.5, 34.3; aspect ratio:— 4.0, -, 6.6, 6.6; weights (gm unless stated otherwise): total weight (kg);— 11.45, 7.59, 5.97, 4.92; adrenal (mg):— 647.2, 531–0, 401.2, 352.4; heart:— 100.1, -, 49.9, 39.5; kidney:— 40.9, -, 23.6, 23.4; liver:—258.2, 176.5, 128.5, 110.4; lung:— 60.3, –, 29.1, 30.0; pancreas:— 15.2, -, 7.1, 5.3; pectoralis major:— 731.9, -, 389.0, 313.9; pectoralis minor:— 51.8, -, 27.6, 24.3; pituitary (mg):— 40.6, 39.1, 37.4, 37.5; spleen:— 12.7, -, 12.3, 10.1. There was no significant difference between the species in the proportional weights of the organs. Seasonal variations were found in the weights of testes, ovaries, oviducts and fat deposits. Changes in weight of the reproductive organs of the Pink-backed Pelican showed a clear correlation with the breeding cycle. The testes of the migratory White Pelican appeared to be inactive while the birds were in the park. The amount of fat laid down could be directly related to seasonal fluctuations in the food supply. The degree of development of the head crest was greatest during the breeding season in the Pink-backed Pelican and during the second quarter of the year in the White Pelican. 58.6% of the White Pelicans showed traces of colouration on the breast.     

环境、病原、免疫因子三要素与池塘养殖对虾AHPND发生的关联性

为研究虾急性肝胰腺坏死病(Acute Hepatopancreas Necrosis Disease,AHPND)的发生与环境、病原和虾体免疫间的相互关系,文章对池塘养殖凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)AHPND发生及其环境、病原、虾体免疫因子进行持续性跟踪监测。结果表明,试验点的气温、水温、溶解氧(DO)、pH、盐度、氨氮(NH₄-N)和亚硝态氮(NO₂-N)波动范围为21—29℃、24.8—31℃、1.4—8.32 mg/L、8—8.91、34—50、0.01—0.26 mg/L和0.005—0.212 mg/L;水体可培养细菌和弧菌数量变化范围为3×10³—2.4×10⁵和2×10²—1.8×104 CFU/mL,虾体肝胰腺内可培养细菌和弧菌数量变化范围为9.8×10⁴—8.8×10⁶和3.9×10³—3.61×10⁶ CFU/g;16S rDNA鉴定结果显示,在...