关于两种全自动生化分析仪校准周期的对比研究

目的:对日立H7180、奥林帕斯Au640全自动生化分析仪校准周期的对比分析。方法:相同条件下,两生化分析仪进行定标校准后,每隔2小时测定高、中、低3种浓度的质控血清各一次直到24 h,后每间隔24 h测定一次,共测定30 d,检测项目均重复测定4次取平均值。从校准完成后开始计时到累积变异系数(CV)大于1/6 CLIA'88允许误差时终止,确定该项目的校准周期。通过绘制校准周期图获得两种全自动生化分析仪不同检测项目的校准周期,并对结果进行对比分析。结果:以碱性磷酸酶(ALP)为例绘制校准周期图,进行对比分析。各检测项目在日立H7180中,低水平质控CV最先达到校准要求,高水平质控CV最后达到校准要求;而在奥林帕斯Au640中,中水平质控CV最先达到校准要求,高水平质控CV最后达到校准要求。结论:日立H7180和奥林帕斯Au640全自动生化分析仪,其校准周期基本一致,个别项目存在差异。     

患者参考样本用于生化自动分析仪室内质控监测的探讨

目的:探讨患者参考样本在生化自动分析仪室内质控检测中的意义。方法:选取就诊患者新鲜血液2-3ml作为血清样本,采用自动生化分析仪对其进行检测。结果:采用不同模式进行检测产生的偏倚程度不同。偏倚程度与测定物质的稳定性、时间延长等因素有关。结论:抽取了患者具有稳定性的新鲜血清作为控制检测的样本,并按时对仪器的运行结果进行仔细观察,做好记录,在更多时间点对试剂和仪器进行监测,能够保证随机质量控制及全程质量控制的目的。     

两种方法检测血糖的差异

目的:探讨罗氏ADVANTAGE优越血糖仪与迈瑞-820全自动生化分析仪检测血糖的可比性,为临床提供可靠数据。方法:随机选取本院就诊血糖测定患者,血糖仪标本为静脉血全血,采血后立即测试,血糖仪试条为随机附带,仪器用质控液校正,生化仪为同一标本,采血后2 h内测试,血清是静脉血抽取后离心分离。结果:通过对127例血糖仪与全自动生化分析仪的血糖检测结果进行对比分析,表明两种检测方法在检测血糖中差异无显著(P0.05)。结论:在血糖仪的测定范围内,两种方法都是可靠的,但血糖仪测定范围受限,过高或过低时无数据显示,生化仪会补血糖仪之不足。     

不同全自动凝血仪检测结果的分析研究

目的:探讨不同全自动凝血分析仪检测结果是否具有可比性,同时对其检测结果临床可接受性进行评估,使不同全自动凝血分析仪检测结果标准化.方法:连续30天用SYSMEX CA- 1500及CA-7000全自动凝血分析仪同时检测并比对仪器配套定值质控物的PT、INR、APTT、FIB、TT值;同时连续30天利用两台仪器检测并对比新鲜血标本的PT、INR、APTT、FIB、TT值.结果:SYSMEX CA- 1500及CA-7000日间质控物各检测项目:PT、INR、APTT、FIB、TT变异系数均小于5％.CA- 1500及CA-7000全自动凝血分析仪检测新鲜血标本:PT、INR、APTT、FIB、TT统计分析结果,t检验其P值均＞0.05;相关系数r在0.993-0.999之间;两台仪器的偏差均符合1/2美国CLIA’88能力验证分析质量要求.结论:两台仪器PT、INR、APTT、FIB、TT的检测结果具有很好的相关性,经统计分析两台仪器检测结果无统计学意义.对不同凝血分析仪进行比对分析,不仅能够及时发现仪器存在的系统误差.而且使其检测结果具有很好的一致性,给临床可提供一个准确、可靠一致的实验室检测结果,使临床对疾病的诊断、疗效观察有一个统一的评判标准.     

搞好生化检验质控的几点体会

目的:分析讨论如何搞好生化检验质控,并总结给出几点体会。方法:首先介绍生化检验质控的重要性,其次提出生化检验质控血清时的注意事项,然后讲解生化检验质控的操作流程及其规范,接着给出生化检验质控中出现失控情况的应急处理,最后总结讨论搞好生化检验质控。结果:生化检验质控为临床提供可靠的临床诊断依据,需加强对其的质量控制。结论:对于生化检验质控应当建立标准化检查分析流程,注重质检过程中容易出错地方,做好防护措施。     

光激化学发光法与电化学发光免疫法检测甲胎蛋白的一致性

目的:参照美国国家实验室标准委员会(NCCLS)的EP9-A2文件,对测定血清中甲胎蛋白(AFP)含量的电化学发光免疫法和光激化学发光法进行方法学比对试验,比较二者结果的一致性。方法:收集40例患者血清标本,以罗氏Cobas601电化学发光免疫分析仪为比较仪器(x),博阳LICA光激化学发光免疫分析仪为实验仪器(y),同时检测血清中AFP的含量;分析2种生化仪测定结果之间的相关性和2种方法检测结果的一致性。结果:2种仪器测定的结果相关性良好(r=0.9925),预期偏倚可以接受。结论:在严格按操作规程进行检测的前提下,2种方法测定结果基本一致,其偏差可为临床所接受。当同一实验室同一检验项目存在2种以上检测方法时,应进行方法比对,判断其临床可接受性,以保证检验结果的可比性。     

四种胃蛋白酶原检测试剂的性能比较

目的:比较四种胃蛋白酶原检测试剂的性能。方法:使用Beckman Coulter AU5800全自动生化分析仪,采用免疫比浊法,对两种国产和两种进口蛋白酶原检测试剂的校准和质控、精密度、线性范围、检测灵敏度、前带反应影响和抗干扰能力进行比较。结果:四家公司的校准和质控指标均达到合格标准,两家进口试剂变异系数较小,在线性、准确性、灵敏度、前带反应等指标全面领先。结论:综合各项指标判断,目前使用的胃蛋白酶原检测试剂以两种进口产品性能为佳,国产品尚有一定差距。     

血液生化检测各阶段质控影响因素的探讨

目的:探析血液生化检测各阶段质控的影响因素。方法:选择2014年2月-8月期间我院收治的行血液生化检测患者60例为研究对象,对其临床检验资料进行回顾性分析。结果:有诸多因素会影响血液生化检测各阶段质控,其中以年龄、标本采集处理、检测仪器、性别以及药物作用等为主。结论:血液生化检测各阶段质控受到诸多因素的影响,相关检验人员一定要严格按照操作,从检测前、中、后加强质量控制,使出现误差的几率降低,从而有效提高血液生化检验结果的可靠性和精确性,为临床治疗提供有效保障。     

开放试剂在罗氏生化分析仪使用评价

目的评价开放试剂在罗氏全自动生化分析仪(cobas8000-c702)上使用情况方法使用开放性试剂[三酞甘油(TG),丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT),碱性磷酸酶(ALP),天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST),总胆固醇(TC),γ-谷氨酞基转移酶(GGT)]由利徳曼厂家提供,以上开放试剂的分析类型,方法原理,试剂组分以及试剂的组成均使用效果合理,且使用开放试剂混合的血清来作为量值传递的载体,用其开放性试剂校准后在对cafs校准品进行赋值,并且对cafs校准品及开放性试剂组成测定的系统进行赋值。结果开放性试剂在检测高值还是低值的血清结果是,批内以及批间的变异系数(CV)均小于5%,这样就开放试剂同时在检测60份临床样本时,所测的结果基本就保持一致(P0.05),相关系数(r)均0.968。开放试剂之间的自比对实验结果,在医学上决定水平处的偏倚都是低于允许误差的范围。试剂的抗干扰能力就没有明显的差异,r值均大于0.968(P0.05)[1]。结论开放试剂在罗氏全自动生化分析上相关性较好、精密度高、偏差小,抗干扰能力强等优点;其检验的结果也具有一定溯源性以及可比性。     

ELISA检测抗-HIV室内质控血清的制备和应用

为了提高抗-HIV的检测质量,进行室内质控以鉴别诊断试剂的质量和控制操作误差,试制了抗-HIV室内质控血清,收集抗-HIV诊断试剂盒中阳性对照血清,采用不同品牌、不同批号的诊断试剂检测后,稀释、分装成低值弱阳性,即为室内质控血清,将质控血清放不同温度下保存,考核其稳定性和精密性,并应用于两厂家各3批试剂的检测,结果试制的室内质控血清在-20℃条件下存放5个月,在4℃条件下存放29天稳定性良好,检测结果稳定,该质控血清适宜作抗-HIV检测室内质控使用。     

Reliability and time-of-day effect on measures of change of direction deficit in young healthy physical education students

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to examine the reliability and the time-of-day effect of the 505 change of direction (CoD), 10-m sprint, and change of direction deficit test (CoDD). At two different time of days, 39 young diurnally active physical education male students performed different physical tests: 505 CoD, and sprint tests. Measurements were taken at two separate testing sessions, i.e. in the morning (07:00–08:30 h) and early evening (17:00–18:30 h) in a randomized and counter-balanced setting on nonconsecutive days in 21 of them (21.5 ± 1.5 y of age). The results showed that the 505 CoD test, 10-m sprint, and CoDD performances were a reliable test, and performances were better in the evening the 505 CoD, 10-m sprint, and CoDD testing provided reliable and sensitive scores. In addition, phase 2 showed that CoD, speed, and CoDD are affected by the time of day.     

Diurnal rhythms of body temperature, heart rate, and behaviour in the stanchioned adult Shiba goats

Using a data logger system, body temperature (dorsal subcutaneous temperature), heart rate, ingestive or ruminating behaviour and posture in adult Shiba goats tied to a stanchion were recorded automatically during 24 hours, to obtain basic information on the biological rhythms. A 600 g of usual ration mixed with hay cube, hay, beet pulp and wheat bran was fed twice a day (morning; 9:00-9:30, evening; 16:00-16:30). Animals kept under an artificial photoperiod (12L-12D, light period; 5:30-17:30) and about 10 degrees C room temperature. 1) Diurnal patterns of the above-mentioned items were recorded, mutual relationships relationships between these items were revealed. 2) The heart rate was higher after morning feeding, or during a light period and decreased gradually from midnight to early morning. Twice feeding greatly increased the heart rate. 3) The body temperature was lower in the early morning and increased gradually after morning feeding and showed the highest level during 1 to 1.5 hours after evening feeding. After that it decreased gradually till the early morning. 4) The numbers of jaw movement (bites/min) were a 70-90 bites in the ingestive behaviour and a 80-90 bites in the ruminating behaviour at dark period. 5) The total heart rate was a 110000 to 120000 beats/day, the total biting time was a 9.5 hours/day, and the mean standing time was a 9.3 to 11.7 hours/day. The standing time during light period (12 hours) was a 7.3 to 9.9 hours and that during dark period (12 hours) was a 1.8 to 2 hours.     

The effects of social context on the hormonal and behavioral responsiveness of human fathers

We tested first-time fathers with their 22-month old toddlers to determine whether social context variables such as pre-test absence from the child and presence of the mother affected physiological measures associated with paternal responsiveness. Heart rate and blood pressure readings as well as blood samples to determine prolactin, testosterone and cortisol levels were taken before and after the 30-min father–toddler interactions. Fathers were tested on a day when they were away from their child for several hours before testing (‘without-child’ day) and on another day where they remained with their child throughout the day (‘with-child’ day). Most measures decreased over the 30-min test period but relative decreases were context-dependent. Men maintained higher prolactin levels when they were away from their children longer before testing on the ‘without-child’ day. Cortisol levels decreased during both tests and they decreased more on the ‘with-child’ day for men who had spent more time alone with their toddler before the test. Heart-rate and diastolic (but not systolic) blood pressure decreased more on the ‘with-child’ day than on the ‘without-child’ day. Fathers' testosterone levels decreased when their partners were less involved in the interactions. Compared to men with high responsiveness ratings on both days, men whose responsiveness increased after being away from their child on the ‘without-child’ day maintained higher systolic blood pressure and had a greater decrease in testosterone levels. We conclude that context may be more important in determining fathers' physiological responses to child contact than has previously been appreciated, particularly for some individuals.     

Effects of a Single Histoplasmin Skin Test on the Serological Diagnosis of Histoplasmosis

Numerous reports have indicated that a single histoplasmin skin test may stimulate humoral antibodies to Histoplasma capsulatum antigens in histoplasmin-hypersensitive individuals. Although these investigations concur that antibody elevations are evoked, they vary in the reported degree of incidence and response induced, and they cast doubt on the interpretation of serological tests in the diagnosis of histoplasmosis. Histoplasmin-hypersensitive subjects (114) were bled prior to administration of the skin test, 2 days later, at the time this test was read, and 15 and 30 days after testing. No significant antibody titers were observed at 2 days. At 15- and 30-day intervals, only 17 (15%) of the subjects demonstrated circulating antibodies. All 17 showed agar gel bands; 5 demonstrated no complement-fixation (CF) titers, 10 produced CF antibodies ranging from 1:8 to 1:16, and 2 demonstrated titers of 1:32. The data suggest that skin testing does not interfere significantly with antibody levels in sera drawn approximately 2 days after administration of antigen. However, since titers as high as 1:32 were obtained at later intervals, such reactions should be evaluated cautiously and only after consideration of clinical findings.     

Plate Hemolysin Test for the Rapid Screening of Toxoplasma Antibodies

A plate hemolysin test was developed to screen serum specimens for the presence of toxoplasma antibodies. When we tested 130 sera by both this test and the standard toxoplasma dye test, we found the plate hemolysin test to be a rapid, sensitive, and economical method for detecting toxoplasma antibodies. In all but one instance it paralleled the dye test. A comparison of the results of testing six sera by the hemolysin, hemagglutination, and dye-test techniques suggested that the hemolytic antibodies were more closely related to hemagglutinating antibodies than to dye-test antibodies. We could not store sheep erythrocytes sensitized with toxoplasma lysate for more than 3 days without altering the sensitivity of the test. Concanavalin A proved to be an effective coupling agent for binding toxoplasma antigens to red-cell membranes, a quality attributed to its affinity for specific polysaccharide-combining sites.     

The use of PCR to aid in the rapid identification of Vibrio harveyi isolates

AIMS: Vibrio harveyi is an important pathogen, causing potential devastation to marine aquaculture. This organism, however, is extremely difficult to identify because it is phenotypically diverse. Biochemical identification can involve many tests and take weeks to perform. The aim of this work is to develop a PCR that can reduce the number of biochemical tests, and the time taken, to get a definitive identification of this organism. METHODS AND RESULTS: The PCR was developed using 16S rDNA sequences from a number of V. harveyi strains, and other vibrios. The described test gave positive results for all strains of V. harveyi tested. However, some strains of V. alginolyticus also gave positive results and a small number of biochemical tests were required to differentiate between these two species. This indicated that preisolation of the bacteria was needed and therefore the test was not applicable to the testing of mixed populations directly. CONCLUSION, SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The duration of identification of this species was significantly reduced from a number of weeks to a few days. Hence, diagnosis of affected animals will be faster and earlier treatment can be administered which may increase the survival rate from vibriosis.     

Improved Dextran Sulfate-Calcium Chloride Method for the Removal of Nonspecific Inhibitors with Modifications for Nonspecific Agglutinin Removal in the Rubella Hemagglutination Inhibition Test

The dextran sulfate precipitation method for removal of nonspecific inhibitors from sera to be tested in the rubella hemagglutination-inhibition test was modified by shortening the dextran sulfate-serum mixture incubation period from 2 hr to 30 min. A comparative study using both treatment times showed no significant difference in rubella antibody titers. Reducing the treatment time even further also gave comparable results, indicating the select 30-min incubation period is not marginal for undertreatment. It was shown that 41.5% of the 159 serums tested had nonspecific agglutinins at levels from 1:8 to as high as 1:64. In each specimen, all demonstrable nonspecific agglutinin was removed by adsorption with 10%, 0- to 2-day-old chick red blood cells rather than the usually recommended 50% adult chicken erythrocytes.     

Comparison of 16S rRNA sequencing with conventional and commercial phenotypic techniques for identification of enterococci from the marine environment

AIMS: To compare accuracy of genus and species level identification of presumptive enterococci isolates from the marine environment using conventional biochemical testing, four commercial identification systems and 16S rRNA sequence analysis. METHODS AND RESULTS: Ninety-seven environmental bacterial isolates identified as presumptive enterococci on mEI media were tested using conventional and Enterococcus genus screen biochemical tests, four commercial testing systems and 16S rRNA sequencing. Conventional and Enterococcus genus screen biochemical testing, 16S rRNA sequencing and two commercial test systems achieved an accuracy of > or = 94% for Enterococcus genus confirmation. Conventional biochemical testing and 16S rRNA sequencing achieved an accuracy of > or = 90% for species level identification. CONCLUSIONS: For confirmation of Enterococcus genus from mEI media, conventional or genus screen biochemical testing, 16S rRNA sequencing and the four commercial systems were correct 79-100% of the time. For speciation to an accuracy of 90% or better, either conventional biochemical testing or 16S rRNA sequencing is required. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Accurate identification of presumptive environmental Enterococcus isolates to genus and species level is an integral part of laboratory quality assurance and further characterization of Enterococcus species from pollution incidents. This investigation determines the ability of six different methods to correctly identify environmental isolates.     

Assessment of the specificity of a commercial human parvovirus B19 IgM assay

Background: It is important to investigate a possible cross-reaction of anti-rubella IgM in the IDEIA^™ Parvovirus B19 IgM test because many B19 infections are either asymptomatic or have clinical symptoms similar to those of rubella virus infections. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) IgM, cytomegalovirus (CMV) IgM, measles IgM and rheumatoid factor (RF) IgM cross-reactions were also studied.Objectives: In the period from February to September 1994 (including a parvovirus B19 epidemic) more than 10 000 serum samples were examined for parvovirus B19 IgM in Denmark. This gave an opportunity to evaluate the commercial IDEIA^™ Parvovirus B19 ELISA kit (DAKO A/S, Glostrup, Denmark), which was used routinely at Statens Serum Institut from the beginning of 1994 and onwards.Study design: A total of 123 parvovirus B19 IgM positive sera were tested for reactivity in rubella IgM EIA. A total of 78 rubella IgM positive sera, 60 EBV VCA-IgM positive sera, 30 CMV IgM positive sera and 24 measles virus IgM positive sera were tested for reaction in IDEIA^™ Parvovirus B19 IgM test. Finally, 25 parvovirus IgM positive sera were tested for specific IgM against measles virus, EBV (VCA), CMV and for RF.Results: One anti-B19 IgM positive serum sample reacted positively in the rubella IgM test. Of rubella IgM positive serum samples 4% cross-reacted in IDEIA^™ Parvovirus B19 IgM test, as did 17 and 20% of EBV VCA-IgM and CMV IgM positive serum samples respectively. None of measles virus IgM positive serum samples cross-reacted in the IDEIA^™ Parvovirus B19 IgM test. Of 25 initially parvovirus B19 IgM positive sera 20% cross-reacted in EBV VCA IgM test and 8% in the CMV IgM test. None reacted positively in measles virus IgM test; 28% showed weak reactivity in RF IgM test.Conclusions: Precautions must be taken when results of IgM assays are interpreted. Epidemiological and clinical observations must be considered.