透明颤菌血红蛋白与耐低氧抗生素生产菌株构建

透明颤菌血红蛋白(Vitreoscilla hemoglobin,VHb)是由透明颤菌属细菌产生的氧结合蛋白。通过引入透明颤菌血红蛋白基因(vgb)从降低需氧角度定向改造抗生素生产菌是近年来研究的热点。vgb在宿主菌中的异源表达能有效提高宿主菌在低氧环境下的代谢效率,促进代谢产物积累,基于这一特性,采用基因工程育种策略构建具有低氧耐受性的生产菌种,将有效降低抗生素生产成本。简述了近年来VHb的研究进展,重点总结了耐低氧抗生素生产菌株构建的研究及其应用现状,并对其在抗生素工业生产中的应用前景进行展望。     

透明颤菌血红蛋白基因克隆及植物表达载体的构建

透明颤菌血红蛋白是一种专性好氧的氧结合蛋白。目的:以VHb基因构建植物表达载体,并在大肠杆菌中实现表达。方法:使利用试剂盒提取透明颤菌血红蛋白的总DNA,以其为模板通过PCR克隆VHb基因。结果:克隆得到VHb基因片段的长度约为0.5kb,与NCBI上公布的VHb基因序列最大同源性达99%。结论:通过酶切鉴定及PCR检测,成功构建重组植物表达载体p3300-vhb-super promoter-Tnos。     

透明颤菌血红蛋白的应用进展

透明颤菌血红蛋白（VHb）具有在限氧条件下促进异源宿主细胞生长和增加产物产量的作用,已在发酵、环保、转基因动植物、重组蛋白表达等方面得到了广泛应用。将VHb与酶或蛋白融合表达可提高酶的活性、稳定性或蛋白的分离效率。对VHb进行改造有助于获得性能更良好的"新"蛋白。     

透明颤菌血红蛋白的分离纯化与分析检测

透明颤菌血红蛋白(Vitreoscillahemoglobin,VHb)是惟一一种研究得较为透彻的原核生物氧结合蛋白血红蛋白。它支持细胞在微氧条件下进行好氧生长,克服发酵过程中的溶氧限制,因此在需氧微生物发酵工业中具有重要的应用价值。简述了VHb的分离纯化过程,综述了VHb的各种定性检测和定量分析方法,比较了各种检测分析方法的优缺点和适用性。提出利用改进的一氧化碳差光谱法以全细胞悬浮液为对象直接进行VHb的定量分析是发酵工业中应用VHb重组菌株的研究发展方向 。     

在兽疫链球菌中表达vgb基因和HA合成基因提高透明质酸产量

透明质酸(HA)是一种在医药及化妆品领域具有广泛应用的天然粘多糖。兽疫链球菌(Streptococcuszooepidemicus)是工业上生产透明质酸的菌种之一。透明颤菌血红蛋白(VHb)具有增强细胞摄氧的作用。对生产透明质酸的兽疫链球菌进行了基因改造:将兽疫链球菌HA的合成基因hasABC以及合成透明颤菌血红蛋白的vgb基因(Vitreoscillahemoglobingene,vgb)分别或同时插入阳性菌表达质粒pEU308中,通过电转化导入兽疫链球菌中。通过一氧化碳(CO)差光谱检测到了VHb的表达。在摇瓶实验中,同时带有hasABC和vgb基因的重组菌比野生菌的透明质酸产量提高了30％。而在发酵罐中,带有这2个基因的重组菌的透明质酸产量达到了6．9g／L,高于重组菌5．5g／L的产量。实验结果表明,vgb基因的存在促进了细胞的生长,hasABC操纵子的过表达增强了透明质酸的合成。首次将VHb导入兽疫链球菌中,获得了表达,并证明其对菌体生长及透明质酸合成有促进作用。通过研究,VHb将可以在阳性菌中获得更广泛的应用。     

透明颤菌血红蛋白的研究与发展前景

在缺氧条件下,透明颤菌血红蛋白(VHb)通过促进氧输送增强呼吸和能量代谢,并在各种宿主中表达,显示出改善增长,蛋白质分泌,代谢产物的生产力和提高宿主抗逆性等的生理效应,从而使蛋白质在代谢工程尤其在优化植物代谢中应用前景广阔.概括了VHb在生物技术工业的诸多研究领域中的应用潜力,探讨VHb功能的细胞机制,并显示出各领域所采取的各种方法.     

透明颤菌血红蛋白的研究进展

血红蛋白广泛存在于动植物、微生物中,是一种氧结合蛋白。透明颤菌血红蛋白是20世纪70年代后期发现的一种血红蛋白,该蛋白质能使细菌在低氧的情况下生存,并保持较高的生长速率。随着作用机理研究深入,透明颤菌血红蛋白在发酵工业和植物转基因等生物工程领域有着广泛的应用。     

透明颤菌血红蛋白的结构功能和应用进展

透明颤菌血红蛋白(VHb)是科学家发现的第一种微生物血红蛋白,它的结构、生化功能以及表达调控机制都已经得到广泛的研究。VHb可以在很多宿主细胞中表达,通过促进氧的输送增强呼吸和能量代谢,以提高许多有用的代谢产物(抗生素、蛋白质、聚合物等)的产量和宿主抗逆性,还能降低有害化合物的毒害。重点从VHb的功能与结构、在提高微生物代谢产物的产量,以及对动植物某些特性的影响和增加生物修复能力等方面的应用进展进行了综述,并对VHb在植物代谢和动物代谢中具有很大的发展空间进行了展望。     

《海洋生物技术》：转透明颤菌血红蛋白可提高斑马鱼低氧耐受力

2011年4月,《海洋生物技术》（Marine Biotechnology）刊登了中科院水生生物研究所鱼类基因工程学科组与北京大学生命科学院合作的封面研究论文：Vitreoscilla Hemoglobin （VHb） Ovcrexpression Increases Hypoxia Tolerance in Zebrafish （Danio rerio）。该文报道了转透明颤菌血红蛋白（VHb）提高斑马鱼的低氧耐受能力的研究。     

透明颤菌血红蛋白基因的研究与应用

总结了近 15年来透明颤菌血红蛋白的研究结果 ,包括它的分布、结构、功能、合成等分子生物学以及在基因工程中的应用。透明颤菌的血红蛋白是 2 0世纪 70年代被发现的 ,由于它具有结合氧的特性 ,可使透明颤菌这一专性好氧的革兰氏阴性菌在贫氧环境中生长。透明颤菌血红蛋白是同型二聚体形式的可溶性血红蛋白分子 ,每分子透明颤菌血红蛋白由两个分子量为 15 775的亚基和两个b型血红素组成。透明颤菌血红蛋白的功能是为透明颤菌强大的呼吸膜增加氧的流量。完整的有功能的血红蛋白由血红蛋白亚基和血红素组成 ,血红蛋白亚基由基因vgb编码 ,血红素由生化代谢合成。透明颤菌血红蛋白基因在野生透明颤菌中是以单拷贝的方式随染色体一起复制表达的。透明颤菌血红蛋白基因已经被克隆和测序。同时也讨论了将透明颤菌血红蛋白基因整合到异源宿主菌中增加重组蛋白产量和发酵产量方面的研究。最后 ,概述了当透明颤菌血红蛋白在植物中表达时 ,转基因植物表现出生长增加以及代谢物产量发生变化的情况。     

Recent developments and future prospects of Vitreoscilla hemoglobin application in metabolic engineering

In hypoxic conditions, bacteria express a kind of hemoglobin, which is proposed to enhance respiration and energy metabolism by promoting oxygen delivery. Bacteria hemoglobin from Vitreoscilla stercoraria - Vitreoscilla hemoglobin (VHb), when expressed in various hosts in oxygen-limited conditions, has been shown to improve growth, protein secretion, metabolite productivity and stress resistance of hosts, thus rendering the protein promising in metabolic engineering, especially in plant metabolism optimization. In this review, many well-studies areas are presented to illustrate the potential of VHb application in biotechnology industry, to discuss the cellular mechanisms of VHb function and to show the wide variety of approaches taken within the field.     

Co-expression of bacterial hemoglobin overrides high glucose-induced repression of foreign protein expression in Escherichia coli W3110

Co-expression of Vitreoscilla hemoglobin (VHb) can enhance production of foreign proteins in several microorganisms, including Escherichia coli. Production of foreign proteins [green fluorescent protein (GFP) and organophosphorous hydrolase (OPH)] has been examined in two typical industrial E. coli strains, W3110 (a K12 derivative) and BL21 (a B derivative). In particular, we investigated the effects of VHb co-expression and media glucose concentration on target protein production. We employed the nar O(2)-dependent promoter for self-tuning of VHb expression based on the natural changes in dissolved O(2) levels over the duration of culture. Foreign protein production in strain BL21 was decreased by a high glucose concentration but co-expression of VHb had no effect on this. In contrast, co-expression of VHb in strain W3110 overrode the glucose-induced repression and resulted in steady expression of foreign proteins.     

High-efficiency generation of monoclonal antibody for Vitreoscilla hemoglobin protein

Bacterial hemoglobin from Vitreoscilla (VHb) is recognized as a good fusion protein for the soluble expression of foreign protein. In this study, we generated a monoclonal antibody (MAb) against VHb for its detection. For the rapid screening of MAb, a protein chip technology based on the Alexa-488 (A488) dye labeling method was introduced. In order to fabricate the chip, the VHb protein was chemically coupled to the chip surface and then the culture supernatants of 84 hybridoma cell lines were spotted onto the VHb chip. The bound MAbs were measured by A488- modified anti-mouse IgG. A single spot (MAb A10) exhibited significantly high signal intensity. The immunoblot analysis evidenced that the MAb A10 can detect VHb-fused proteins with high specificity.     

Vitreoscilla hemoglobin. Intracellular localization and binding to membranes

The obligate aerobic bacterium, Vitreoscilla, synthesizes elevated quantities of a homodimeric hemoglobin (VHb) under hypoxic growth conditions. Expression of VHb in heterologous hosts often enhances growth and product formation. A role in facilitating oxygen transfer to the respiratory membranes is one explanation of its cellular function. Immunogold labeling of VHb in both Vitreoscilla and recombinant Escherichia coli bearing the VHb gene clearly indicated that VHb has a cytoplasmic (not periplasmic) localization and is concentrated near the periphery of the cytosolic face of the cell membrane. OmpA signal-peptide VHb fusions were transported into the periplasm in E. coli, but this did not confer any additional growth advantage. The interaction of VHb with respiratory membranes was also studied. The K(d) values for the binding of VHb to Vitreoscilla and E. coli cell membranes were approximately 5-6 microm, a 4-8-fold higher affinity than those of horse myoglobin and hemoglobin for these same membranes. VHb stimulated the ubiquinol-1 oxidase activity of inverted Vitreoscilla membranes by 68%. The inclusion of Vitreoscilla cytochrome bo in proteoliposomes led to 2.4- and 6-fold increases in VHb binding affinity and binding site number, respectively, relative to control liposomes, suggesting a direct interaction between VHb and cytochrome bo.     

Expression of double Vitreoscilla hemoglobin enhances growth and alters ribosome and tRNA levels in Escherichia coli

In several organisms, expression of a gene encoding dimeric hemoglobin (VHb) from the obligate aerobic bacterium Vitreoscilla stercoraria has been shown to increase microaerobic cell growth and enhance oxygen-dependent cell metabolism. In an attempt to further improve these effects of VHb, a gene encoding two vhb genes connected by a short linker of six base pairs was constructed and expressed in Escherichia coli(double VHb). Escherichia coli cells expressing double VHb reached a cell density 19% higher than that of cells expressing native VHb. The protein production per cell remained constant since the increase in cell growth was accompanied by an increase in protein content by 16%. Investigation of ribosome and tRNA content revealed that cells expressing double VHb reached their maximal capacity of protein synthesis later during cultivation than cells expressing native VHb, and furthermore they reached considerably higher levels of ribosome and tRNA compared to that of the VHb-expressing cells.     

透明颤菌血红蛋白基因调控与功能的研究

透明颤菌(Vitreoscila)血红蛋白(VHB)是一种氧调节、氧结合蛋白。其基因(vgb)已被克隆及表达。Vgb基因表达在转录水平上受氧控制．FNR蛋白作为厌氧激活于介入该调节过程。VHb可与氧结合参与细胞代谢过程,使细胞适应贫氧环境。Vgb基因的氧调控启动子和VHb蛋白的生理功能在基因工程和发酵工程具有良好的应用前景。