两个改造后的肿瘤抑素抗肿瘤活性肽活性研究

为了研究改造后的肿瘤抑素2个抗肿瘤活性肽的作用机制,明确其不同的抗肿瘤活性,采用基因工程技术原理,人工合成肿瘤抑素中185～203位氨基酸所对应的19肽和T7肽(74～98位氨基酸)基础上改造的21肽碱基序列,将其与融合蛋白表达载体pTYB2重组后转化到大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中进行诱导表达,用几丁质亲和层析柱一步纯化,直接获得19肽和21肽,利用MTT法、细胞生长曲线、TUNEL法、流式细胞仪早期细胞凋亡检测和细胞周期检测,小鼠H22腹水型转移型肝癌实体瘤抑瘤实验并结合组织病理学切片,来研究19肽和21肽单独应用或联合应用对肿瘤细胞和内皮细胞生长和凋亡的影响以及对体内肿瘤的抑制情况.体内外实验表明:获得的19肽抗肿瘤活性以直接作用肿瘤细胞为主,也有抑制新生血管生成的作用.基因重组21肽抗肿瘤作用是通过抑制肿瘤组织新生血管生成实现的.19肽、21肽联合应用对肿瘤细胞、内皮细胞生长抑制和促凋亡作用明显增强,抗肿瘤活性大大提高.联合用药弥补了单独用药不足,产生协同抗肿瘤作用,可能会成为今后肿瘤治疗的一个主要方向.     

肿瘤抑素抗肿瘤相关肽对肝癌细胞增殖和凋亡的影响

肿瘤抑素抗肿瘤相关肽-19肽是由肿瘤抑素185~203位氨基酸组成, 具有直接抑制黑色素瘤细胞生长作用, 但其对肝癌细胞增殖和凋亡是否有影响, 对肝癌是否具有治疗作用还需进一步研究。本研究中采用基因工程技术将合成19肽基因与载体pTYB2重组后进行蛋白表达、纯化获得19肽。通过MTT法、生长曲线观察19肽对人肝癌细胞生长抑制作用; TUNEL标记法、流式细胞仪细胞周期检测法、透射电镜观察19肽对肝癌细胞凋亡的影响; 小鼠H22腹水型转移型肝癌实体瘤抑瘤实验证明其体内的抑瘤作用。MTT实验和生长曲线实验表明随着19肽浓度的增加肝癌细胞的存活率下降。在相同19肽浓度下, 随着作用时间延长存活细胞逐渐减少。电镜观察治疗组细胞出现明显凋亡, 流式细胞仪可检测到前G1峰, TUNEL标记法也证实治疗组可见明显的凋亡细胞, 体内19肽作用的小鼠H22腹水型转移型肝癌的抑瘤率达48.46%。可见, 肿瘤抑素19肽可抑制肝癌细胞生长, 促进肝癌细胞凋亡, 对肝癌具有一定的治疗作用。     

内皮抑素30肽基因真核表达载体的构建及实验研究

目的构建改构内皮抑素抗肿瘤相关肽（30肽）的真核表达载体pVAX1,检测该重组载体的生物学活性。方法在30肽基因的5′端加入胶原蛋白ⅩⅧ信号肽编码序列,通过PCR扩增获得目的基因30肽,并连接到质粒pVAX1中,构建表达分泌型内皮抑素的重组质粒pVAX1-30E,然后将重组质粒pVAX1-30E直接注入小鼠肿瘤组织。通过ELISA小鼠体内抑瘤实验检测目的基因的表达及其活性。结果ELISA实验表明构建的分泌型内皮抑素重组质粒pVAX1-30E能在肿瘤细胞中表达30肽,免疫组化结果表明瘤组织中表达的30肽能抑制肿瘤微血管的新生,而体内抑瘤实验表明在肿瘤部位直接注射重组质粒能抑制肿瘤生长,抑瘤率为28.19%。结论通过向瘤组织中直接注射分泌型内皮抑素重组质粒pVAX1-30E可以抑制小鼠体内肿瘤微血管新生和肿瘤生长而实现其抗肿瘤活性。     

小分子肽-肿瘤抑素19肽纯化及抗肿瘤活性研究

目的:利用已构建好的肿瘤抑素抗肿瘤活性肽-19肽高效表达基因重组菌纯化19肽,并进行抗肿瘤活性检测。方法:经几丁质亲和层析柱纯化出19肽,SDS-PAGE聚丙烯酰胺电泳后用Bradford法测其浓度,进行体内活性检测。结果:19肽可促进H22小鼠肝癌细胞死亡,血管数量减少,抑瘤率达48．46%。结论:得到了具有抗肿瘤活性的肿瘤抑素相关肽—19肽,为肿瘤抑素的作用机制研究和肿瘤的临床治疗奠定了基础。     

肿瘤细胞混合肽诱导特异性抗肿瘤免疫应答

采用细胞冻融、加热沉淀及酸处理等基本生化技术, 从肿瘤细胞中获取混合 肽; 将热休克蛋白70与肽体外结合, 观察热休克蛋白70-肽复合物对小鼠脾淋巴细胞的激活增殖作用以及增殖的淋巴细胞对瘤细胞的特异性杀伤作用, 并运用流式细胞仪分析增殖的淋巴细胞类型; 分别通过对腹腔和腿部肌肉接种了H22肝癌细胞的BALB/c小鼠进行热休克蛋白70-H22抗原肽复合物免疫注射, 观察小鼠肿瘤的抑制和荷瘤小鼠的生存期情况. 另外, 对免疫的小鼠采血进行肝、肾功能检测. 结果显示, 获取的混合肽中含有肿瘤特异的抗原肽, 其经热休克蛋白提呈后, 体外可刺激淋巴细胞活化增殖, 增殖的淋巴细胞为T淋巴细胞, 对肿瘤细胞有特异性细胞毒效应, 体内对腹水型和实体瘤型肿瘤的生长均可产生显著抑制作用, 同时延长荷瘤小鼠的生存期, 并且这种体内免疫对小鼠肝肾功能不产生影响, 不会引发自身免疫反应.     

膜型Tim-3分子促进荷瘤小鼠抗肿瘤免疫应答的研究

目的 研究膜型Tim-3分子对H22肝癌细胞生长的抑制效应,探讨膜型Tim-3分子对荷瘤小鼠免疫系统的影响.方法 以H22肝癌细胞接种于BALB/c小鼠大腿肌肉建立小鼠实体瘤模型,采用原位注射裸DNA的方法在小鼠体内表达膜型Tim-3进行基因治疗,观察Tim-3对肿瘤生长的抑制作用;采用RTPCR技术在肿瘤生长不同时期检测Tim-3对4-1BB、IFN-γ、galectin-9等免疫相关基因表达的影响;流式细胞术检测膜型Tim-3对脾细胞增殖活性及细胞毒活性的影响;观察Tim-3 ＋4-1 BBL协同抗肿瘤作用.结果 体内转染表达Tim-3对肿瘤的生长有明显的抑制作用.流式细胞术结果显示,在小鼠荷瘤早期,Tim-3可提高脾细胞在特异性抗原刺激下的增殖反应和对H22肿瘤细胞的细胞毒作用;Tim-3与4-1BBL协同作用时抗肿瘤作用更加明显.结论 膜型Tim-3可在免疫启动阶段作为正向免疫调节因子增强抗肿瘤免疫应答,并可与4-1 BBL协同产生更强的抑瘤效应.     

人造抗瘤活性肽的构建及其抗瘤作用

通过构建融合RGD肽的NF-κB抑制肽,获取新型抗瘤融合肽,研究其抗肿瘤效果。构建人造抗瘤活性肽p EGFP-C1-ARP表达载体,转染COS7细胞,获取人造抗瘤活性肽,利用Western blotting法检测PC-3M细胞A20、Bcl2、CCND1;通过观察ARP对荷人前列腺癌PC-3M裸鼠肿瘤抑制实验,研究人造抗瘤活性肽的抗肿瘤效果。限制性内切酶酶切鉴定与DNA测序证实合成人造抗瘤活性肽真核载体寡核苷酸链插入正确。Western blotting检测结果表明转染后PC-3M细胞A20蛋白表达增加。并抑制凋亡抑制基因Bcl2的表达,动物实验证实人造抗瘤活性肽可显著抑制肿瘤生长。本研究成功构建人造抗瘤活性肽,其对肿瘤细胞具有明显的消除效应。     

火木层孔菌发酵菌粉及其组分对小鼠移植性肝癌H22的体内生长作用

采用肝癌H22荷瘤小鼠的肿瘤模型,对火木层孔菌(桑黄)Phellinus igniarius发酵菌粉及其各提取物组分的体内抗肿瘤活性进行评价。结果表明,火木层孔菌发酵菌粉及其各提取物组分对荷瘤小鼠肝癌H22都具有一定的抗肿瘤作用并能延长荷瘤小鼠生存期,其中,火木层孔菌发酵菌粉(1,000mg/kg/d)及其组分I(I多糖组分)(360mg/kg/d)具有较为显著的抗肿瘤作用,抑瘤率分别为33.5%和40.3%。组织病理学研究结果表明在菌粉及其多糖组分作用后,肿瘤细胞坏死细胞明显增多,免疫组化检测表明火木层孔菌发酵菌粉及其多糖组分能明显的降低瘤组织中Bcl-2基因蛋白的表达,提高小鼠瘤组织中的Bax基因蛋白的表达。火木层孔菌发酵菌粉及其多糖组分具有较好的体内抗肿瘤活性。     

仿刺参多糖抗肿瘤及对荷瘤小鼠免疫调节作用

目的 观察仿刺参多糖(AJPS)抗肿瘤及免疫调节作用.方法 采用MTT法检测AJPS对人肝癌HepG-2细胞抑制率;以Hca-F肝癌小鼠为模型,采用MTT法、放免法测定荷瘤小鼠细胞免疫指标.结果 AJPS抑制HepG-2细胞生长,抑制小鼠移植瘤生长;增强脾淋巴细胞和巨噬细胞活性,促进TNF-α和IL-2的产生.结论 AJPS具有对HepG-2细胞的直接杀伤作用;AJPS对荷瘤小鼠有免疫调节活性,在肿瘤的免疫治疗中发挥作用.     

人内皮抑素抗肿瘤相关肽基因的克隆表达及活性研究

目的 克隆并表达人内皮抑素抗肿瘤相关肽,检测其生物活性。方法 人工合成人内皮抑素1—30位氨基酸（30肽,序列25—31由RGIRGAD改为RGDRGD）所对应的核苷酸序列,连接到质粒pTYB2中,再转化至大肠埃希菌BL21（DE3）中表达,几丁质亲和层析树脂一步纯化30肽。通过MTT法、鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜（CAM）实验、小鼠体内抑瘤实验比较30肽和内皮抑素抗肿瘤活性。结果 MTT证实30肽体外对人脐静脉内皮细胞（HUVEC）、胃癌7901细胞（SGC-7901）半数抑制浓度IC50为36μg／ml、47μg／nl,显著低于内皮抑素IC50179μg／ml、202μg／ml。CAM实验中30肽对血管的抑制作用更强。30肽在小鼠体内抑瘤率47．8％,效果优于内皮抑素28．7％。结论 30肽具有更强抗肿瘤活性,有可能成为治疗肿瘤的一种新药物。     

Cloning and biological activity of an anti-tumor peptide of Tumstatin

To obtain an anti-tumor peptide of Tumstatin and detect its biological activity,the nucleotide sequence encoding 185-203 amino acids (19peptide) of Tumstatin was synthesized and inserted into the fusion protein vector pTYB2.After identification by sequencing and restriction endonucleases,the recombined vector was transformed into BL-21 (DE3) E.coli competent cells.Transformed E.coli BL-21 (DE3) were induced by isopropyl-β-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG),and then expressed.By 1,4-dithiothreitol (DTT)reduction,the soluble 19peptide was obtained from a chitin affinity chromatograph.The biological activity of 19peptide was determined by 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-y1]-2,5-diphenytetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay,cell growth curve,the effect of the ascitic fluid transfevent H22 hepatoma on mice and via histopathological slices.The purified 19peptide directly inhibited proliferation and migration of murine B16 melanoma cells,SMMC-7721hepatoma carcinoma cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).The tumor inhibition rate of mice ascitic fluid transfevent H22 hepatoma was 48.46%.Histopathological slices showed that it could promote tumor tissue necrosis and decrease the density of blood vessels.With higher anti-tumor activity,19peptide has the potential to become a novel,potent anti-tumor agent.     

Cloning and biological activity of an anti-tumor peptide of Tumstatin

To obtain an anti-tumor peptide of Tumstatin and detect its biological activity, the nucleotide sequence encoding 185–203 amino acids (19peptide) of Tumstatin was synthesized and inserted into the fusion protein vector pTYB2. After identification by sequencing and restriction endonucleases, the recombined vector was transformed into BL-21 (DE3) E. coli competent cells. Transformed E. coli BL-21 (DE3) were induced by isopropyl-β-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG), and then expressed. By 1,4-dithiothreitol (DTT) reduction, the soluble 19peptide was obtained from a chitin affinity chromatograph. The biological activity of 19peptide was determined by 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-y1]-2,5-diphenytetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, cell growth curve, the effect of the ascitic fluid transfevent H22 hepatoma on mice and via histopathological slices. The purified 19peptide directly inhibited proliferation and migration of murine B16 melanoma cells, SMMC-7721hepatoma carcinoma cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). The tumor inhibition rate of mice ascitic fluid transfevent H22 hepatoma was 48.46%. Histopathological slices showed that it could promote tumor tissue necrosis and decrease the density of blood vessels. With higher anti-tumor activity, 19peptide has the potential to become a novel, potent anti-tumor agent. Translated from Chinese Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2005, 21(3): 322–328 [译自: 中国生物化学与分子生物学学报]     

鼠肝细胞癌变中DNA甲基化作用的研究

Activity of DNA methylase and DNA methylation level were measured from normal mouse liver, mouse liver charged with H22a ascitic hepatoma and H22a ascitic hepatoma cell by measuring incorporation of H3-methyl. S-Adenosyl-3H-methyl-methionine (3H-SAM) was used as methyl donor. DNA methylation level of different cells were measured by HP-LC. DNA methylase activity and DNA methylation level of H22a ascitic hepatoma, mouse liver charged with H22a ascitic hepatoma are lower than normal mouse liver. Treatments of antitumor drugs lead to a rising of DNA methylase activity of tumor cell, however, the DNA methylation level of tumor cell has not rised after such treatments.     

鼠肝细胞癌变中DNA甲基化作用的研究

本文用~3H标记的S-腺苷酰甲硫氨酸(~3H-SAM)为甲基供体,以同位素掺入法测定了正常小鼠肝细胞、H_(223)腹水癌细胞及荷癌肝细胞的DNA甲基化酶活力。并用HPLC法测定了上述细胞的DNA甲基化水平。发现:H_(223)腹水癌细胞及荷癌肝细胞的DNA甲基化酶活力和DNA甲基化水平明显低于正常肝细胞。当以抗肝癌药物去甲斑蝥素和斑蝥酸钠处理荷癌小鼠6天后,可使H_(223)腹水癌细胞及荷癌肝细胞的DNA甲基化酶活力回升,但并未检出DNA甲基化水平的回升。     

Comparative study of nucleosome particles in chromatin from normal and tumor cells. I. Structural parameters

The composition and structure of nucleosomic fragments isolated from the ascitic hepatoma 22A cells, liver and from cells of C3HA mice in norm and after partial hepatectomy were investigated. Via electrophoresis in 1.5% agarose gel with the emplogment of reperic restrictive DNA fragments and with the help of mathematical processing, the value of the nucleosomic DNA repeat in ascitic hepatoma 22A was calculated to be 187 b.p., and in regenerating liver--196 b.p. The absence of the H1 degree subfraction in chromatin of ascitic hepatoma 22A cells was found. Lower electrophoretic mobility in 5% polyacrylamid gel of nucleosomic chromatin fragments of ascitic hepatoma 22A as compared with their counterparts from healthy mice liver was established. The method of circular dichroism allowed to reveal differences in the RNA and protein structural state in nucleosomes of normal and tumour cells. The structure of nucleosomes of regenerating mice liver of the C3HA strain did not differ from that of normal liver of the same mice.     

佐剂增强的肿瘤细胞裂解物疫苗抗小鼠H22肝癌作用

以鼠源肝癌H22全细胞裂解物为抗原,通过化学偶联白喉毒素(DT)和串联重复的T辅助表位mH-SP70407-426肽段,混合OK432(链球菌A群)制成肿瘤全细胞疫苗H22-DT-M2-OK432(HDTMOK)。治疗性免疫结果显示,疫苗激发的免疫应答对H22肿瘤起到了有效的抑制作用。为进一步提高该疫苗的抗肿瘤效果,用偶联的疫苗制备免疫刺激复合物(ISCOM),并验证其抑瘤效果。治疗性免疫结果显示,与PBS组相比,ISCOM疫苗组平均瘤重和瘤体积显著降低(P<0.01),同时有效地抑制了小鼠皮内肿瘤模型中的血管新生(P<0.01);ELISA法从血清中检测到高滴度的抗体。且与HDTMOK疫苗相比,ISCOM疫苗抑瘤作用提升显著(P<0.05)。HDTMOK能有效抑制小鼠肝癌实体瘤生长,佐剂配伍后的疫苗对H22的抑制更为显著,能够有效提升肿瘤全细胞疫苗的抗肿瘤能力。     

Anti-tumor activity of chemokine is affected by both kinds of tumors and the activation state of the host's immune system: implications for chemokine-based cancer immunotherapy

In this study, we screened the anti-tumor activity of murine chemokines including CCL17, CCL19, CCL20, CCL21, CCL22, CCL27, XCL1, and CX3CL1 by inoculating murine B16BL6, CT26, or OV-HM tumor cells, all of which were transfected with chemokine-expressing fiber-mutant adenovirus vector, into immunocompetent mice. A tumor-suppressive effect was observed in mice inoculated with CCL19/B16BL6 and XCL1/B16BL6, and CCL22/OV-HM showed considerable retardation in tumor growth. In the cured mice inoculated with CCL22/OV-HM, a long-term specific immune protection against parental tumor was developed. However, we were unable to identify the chemokine that had a suppressive activity common to all three tumor models. Furthermore, an experiment using chemokine-transfected B16BL6 cells was also performed on mice sensitized with melanoma-associated antigen. A drastic enhancement of the frequency of complete rejection was observed in mice inoculated with CCL17-, CCL19-, CCL22-, and CCL27-transfected B16BL6. Altogether, our results suggest that the tumor-suppressive activity of chemokine-gene immunotherapy is greatly influenced by the kind of tumor and the activation state of the host's immune system.     

Two RGD-independent alpha vbeta 3 integrin binding sites on tumstatin regulate distinct anti-tumor properties

Vascular basement membrane is an important regulator of angiogenesis and undergoes many alterations during angiogenesis and these changes are speculated to influence neovascularization. Recently, fragments of collagen molecules have been identified to possess anti-angiogenic activity. Tumstatin (alpha3(IV)NC1 domain) is one such novel molecule with distinct anti-tumor properties and possesses an N-terminal (amino acids 54-132) anti-angiogenic and a C-terminal (amino acids 185-203) anti-tumor cell activity (Maeshima, Y., et al. 2000) J. Biol. Chem. 275, 21340-21348). Previous studies have identified the 185-203 amino acid sequence as a ligand for alpha(v)beta(3) integrin (Shahan, T. A., et al. (1999) Cancer Res. 59, 4584-4590). In the present study, we found distinct additional RGD-independent alpha(v)beta(3) integrin binding site within 54-132 amino acids of tumstatin. This site is not essential for inhibition of tumor cell proliferation but necessary for the anti-angiogenic activity. A fragment of tumstatin containing 54-132 amino acid (tum-2) binds both endothelial cells and melanoma cells but only inhibited proliferation of endothelial cells, with no effect on tumor cell proliferation. A similar experiment with fragment of tumstatin containing the 185-203 amino acid (tum-4) demonstrates that it binds both endothelial cells and melanoma cells but only inhibits the proliferation of melanoma cells. The presence of cyclic RGD peptides did not affect the alpha(v)beta(3) integrin-mediated activity of tumstatin, although significant inhibition of endothelial cell binding to vitronectin was observed. The two distinct RGD-independent binding sites on tumstatin suggest unique alpha(v)beta(3) integrin-mediated mechanisms governing the two distinct anti-tumor properties of tumstatin.