多囊卵巢综合征患者体重指数、内分泌、代谢指标的相关性分析

目的:探讨多囊卵巢综合征患者的体重指数、内分泌及代谢指标的相互关系。方法:选取2016年10月至2017年7月的收治多囊卵巢综合征患者53例作为研究对象,分别根据BMI、HOMA-IR和睾酮水平进行分组,检测和比较体重指数(BMI)、血生化、胰岛素、C肽及性激素等内分泌和代谢指标。结果:根据BMI水平进行分组,空腹胰岛素、60分钟胰岛素、120分钟胰岛素、空腹C肽、60分钟C肽、120分钟C肽、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白、高密度脂蛋白差异有统计学意义(P0.05);根据HOMA-IR指数进行分组,空腹血糖、60分钟血糖、120分钟血糖、空腹胰岛素、60分钟胰岛素、120分钟胰岛素、空腹C肽、60分钟C肽、120分钟C肽、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白、高密度脂蛋白、黄体生成素、黄体生成素/卵泡刺激素、睾酮和雌二醇差异有统计学意义(P0.05);根据睾酮水平进行分组,BMI、空腹胰岛素、60分钟胰岛素、120分钟胰岛素、HOMA指数、黄体生成素、黄体生成素/卵泡刺激素、睾酮、雌二醇差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:多囊卵巢综合征表现复杂多变,应根据不同的体质指数、内分泌和代谢特点进行对症对因治疗,以提高患者治愈水平和生存质量。     

多囊卵巢综合征患者血清抗苗勒管激素与肥胖、胰岛素抵抗程度的相关性分析

目的:探讨多囊卵巢综合征(polycystic ovary syndrome,PCOS)患者血清抗苗勒管激素(anti-Müllerian hormone,AMH)水平与肥胖、胰岛素抵抗(insulin resistance,IR)程度的相关性。方法:选择在我院生殖中心就诊的139名PCOS患者为研究组,并以月经周期正常、因输卵管因素或男性因素导致不孕者48名作为对照组。检测和比较PCOS患者的血清AMH、性激素水平及代谢指标,分析血清AMH水平与PCOS患者肥胖、胰岛素抵抗程度的关系。结果:PCOS组患者体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)、黄体生成素(luteinizing hormone,LH)、睾酮(testosterone,T)、垂体泌乳素(pituitary prolactin PRL)、空腹血糖(fasting plasma glucose,FPG)、空腹胰岛素(fasting insulin,FINS)、稳态模型胰岛素抵抗指数(homenostasis models assessment-insulin resistance index,HOMA-IR)的水平均显著高于对照组(P0.05),PCOS组和对照组年龄、卵泡刺激素(follicle stimulating hormone,FSH)比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。PCOS各表型组的血清AMH浓度、LH/FSH比值均明显高于对照组(P0.05)。肥胖组患者的AMH浓度低于正常体重组,BMI、FPG、FINS、HOMA-IR、甘油三脂(triglycerides,TG)水平均高于正常体重组,LH、LH/FSH、高密度脂蛋白(high density lipoprotein,HDL-C)水平均低于正常体重组(P0.05)。高HOMA-IR组患者的血清AMH浓度、LH、LH/FSH水平均明显低于低HOMA-IR组,BMI、T、FPG、FINS、TG、低密度脂蛋白(low density lipoprotein,LDL-C)水平均高于低HOMA-IR组(P0.05)。PCOS患者血清AMH浓度和BMI及HOMA-IR均存在显著负相关。结论:PCOS患者血清的AMH水平较对照组明显升高,与其肥胖、胰岛素抵抗(IR)程度呈显著负相关。     

二甲双胍对多囊卵巢综合征肥胖型患者LH 和FSH 的影响

目的:探讨二甲双胍对多囊卵巢综合征肥胖型患者血清中胰岛素、LH和FSH水平的影响。方法:将84例PCOS肥胖型患者随机分成44例对照组(克罗米芬)和40例观察组(二甲双胍),采用放射免疫法测定黄体生成素(LH)和卵泡刺激素(FSH)的水平,分别于服药前(0分钟)和服后60、120分钟经前臂静脉采血,测血糖浓度及血清胰岛素水平。结果:对照组患者治疗前0min、60min及120min的血糖OGTT分别为(4.57±0.25)mmol/L、(8.38±7.05)mmol/L及(7.21±0.12)mmol/L,治疗后0min、60min及120min的血糖OGTT无明显变化。观察组患者治疗前0min、60min及120min的血糖OGTT分别为(4.11±0.31)mmol/L、(8.23±6.57)mmol/L及(7.25±0.13)mmol/L,治疗后0min、60min及120min的血糖OGTT明显降低。对照组患者治疗前血清中胰岛素为(47.32±9.52)U/m l,治疗后为(42.25±7.65)U/ml,治疗前后无明显差异。观察组患者治疗前血清中胰岛素为(46.41±6.11)U/ml,治疗后血清胰岛素水平明显降低。对照组患者治疗后血清中LH为(17.22±2.14)mU/ml,FSH为(1.24±0.33)mU/m l,而与对照组相比,观察组患者血清中的LH明显降低,而FSH水平升高。结论:二甲双胍导致多囊卵巢综合征患者血清中胰岛素水平降低,从而减轻了胰岛素对LH的刺激作用,使LH水平下降,FSH升高,进而改善机体的激素紊乱,最终达到治疗PCOS的目的。     

多囊卵巢综合征患者血清IMA、HIF1α、Vaspin、IGF-1水平与性激素、糖脂代谢及胰岛素抵抗的关系研究

摘要 目的：探讨多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）患者血清缺血修饰白蛋白（IMA）、缺氧诱导因子1α（HIF1α）、内脏脂肪特异性丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂（Vaspin）、胰岛素样生长因子-1（IGF-1）水平与性激素、糖脂代谢及胰岛素抵抗的相关性。方法：选择2017年1月至2019年12月我院收治的268例PCOS患者（PCOS组）,根据体质量指数（BMI）将PCOS患者分为超重/肥胖组（BMI≥24 kg/m²,161例）和正常体重组（18.5 kg/m2≤BMI＜24 kg/m²,107例）,另选择135例于妇科门诊体检的健康女性志愿者为对照组。检测血清IMA、HIF1α、Vaspin、IGF-1水平以及性激素、糖脂代谢、胰岛素抵抗指标,Pearson相关性分析其相关性。结果：PCOS组血清IMA、HIF1α、Vaspin、IGF-1、睾酮（T）、促黄体生成素(LH)、促卵泡激素（FSH）、总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、空腹血糖（FPG）、餐后2小时血糖（2hPG）、空腹胰岛素（FINS）水平,胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）均高于对照组（P＜0.001）。PCOS患者超重/肥胖组血清IMA、HIF1α、Vaspin、IGF-1、T、TC、LDL-C、FPG、FINS、2hPG水平,HOMA-IR均高于正常体重组（P＜0.001）。PCOS患者血清IMA、HIF1α水平与T、HOMA-IR呈正相关（P＜0.05）,血清Vaspin、IGF-1水平与TC、LDL-C、FPG、FINS、2hPG 、HOMA-IR呈正相关（P＜0.05）。结论：PCOS患者血清IMA、HIF-1α、Vaspin、IGF-1水平均升高,IMA、HIF-1α、Vaspin、IGF-1均与PCOS胰岛素抵抗有关。     

穴位埋线联合补肾调经汤对多囊卵巢综合征患者性激素水平及代谢指标的影响

摘要 目的：探讨穴位埋线联合补肾调经汤对多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）患者性激素水平及糖脂代谢指标的影响。方法：选择2018年10月至2019年9月广州中医药大学附属宝安区中医院妇科门诊收治的116例PCOS患者,按随机数字表法将患者分为两组,各58例。对照组采用炔雌醇环丙孕酮片治疗3个月,观察组给予补肾调经汤和穴位埋线治疗3个月。观察两组疗效、治疗前后体质量指数（BMI）、性激素水平和糖脂代谢指标的差异。结果：观察组治疗总有效率高于对照组（P＜0.05）。两组治疗后BMI、睾酮（T）、促黄体生成素（LH）均下降,且观察组低于对照组（P＜0.05）,两组治疗后促卵泡激素（FSH）比较无统计学差异（P＞0.05）。两组治疗后总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、空腹血糖（FPG）、空腹胰岛素（FINS）、胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）均有所下降,且观察组低于对照组,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）有所升高,且观察组高于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论：穴位埋线联合补肾调经汤治疗PCOS的疗效满意,能够控制体重,可改善PCOS患者性激素水平和糖脂代谢紊乱。     

内蒙古地区汉族多囊卵巢综合征患者临床特征研究

目的:分析总结多囊卵巢综合(Polycystic ovary syndrome,PCOS)合并不育患者的临床及内分泌代谢特征,为PCOS的临床诊治提供依据.方法:回顾性分析120例PCOS患者(其中肥胖型73例,非肥胖型47例)的临床特征及内分泌、空腹血糖(FPG)、空腹胰岛素(FINS)等检查指标.用稳态模型胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)、稳态模型胰岛素分泌指数(HOMA-IS)、空腹胰岛素敏感指数(ISI)评估胰岛素敏感性.结果:两组患者睾酮(T)、黄体生成素(LH)、卵泡刺激素(FSH)、LH/FSH无显著差别.肥胖组的FPG和FINS水平明显高于非肥胖组.两组胰岛素抵抗(IR)发生率分别为86.30%和51.06%.肥胖组的IR、ISI均明显高于非肥胖组.结论:PCOS患者肥胖发生率较高,肥胖型PCOS患者较非肥胖型患者存在更严重的代谢紊乱.减重、改善IR不仅可以改善PCOS不育情况,更是预防2型糖尿病、心血管疾病等远期并发症的关键.     

达英 35对PCOS患者肠道菌群及通透性的影响

目的探讨口服避孕药达英 35是否会对多囊卵巢综合征患者的肠道微生物群的组成、多样性和丰度有影响。方法收集符合诊断标准的PCOS患者51例,观察并比较达英 35治疗3个月前后的BMI、性激素、HOMA IR、D 乳酸、二胺氧化酶水平,使用16S rRNA测序分析肠道菌群是否有改变。结果治疗后PCOS患者的体重指数(BMI)、雌二醇(E2)、黄体生成素(LH)、卵泡刺激素(FSH)、睾酮(T)水平均低于治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而D 乳酸(D LA)、二胺氧化酶(DAO)、胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA IR)和肠道菌群治疗前后差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论达英 35能够改变生殖参数,对PCOS患者的糖代谢无影响。其对PCOS患者的肠道菌群紊乱情况未起到明显调节作用,但对与代谢、胰岛素抵抗密切相关的属水平菌群Blautia、Fusicatenibacter、Eubacterium_hallii_group的丰度有调节作用。     

不同证型多囊卵巢综合征患者的临床和生化特征研究

目的:探讨"痰湿证"和"非痰湿证"多囊卵巢综合征(Polycystic ovary syndrome,PCOS)患者的临床和生化特征。方法:纳入PCOS患者89例(其中痰湿证42例、非痰湿证47例)及正常对照52例(其中痰湿证对照组21例、非痰湿证对照组31例),采集和比较其临床资料及血清糖脂代谢指标、性激素水平的差异。结果:PCOS患者月经初潮年龄明显晚于正常对照组,两种证型PCOS患者均存在临床表现、性激素、糖代谢、脂代谢的异常,表现在多毛评分、黑棘皮、皮肤溢脂、痤疮发生率明显高于对照组;黄体生成素((Luteinizing hormone,LH)、黄体生成素/促卵泡激素(Follicle stimulating hormone,FSH)、雌二醇(Estradiol,E2)、睾酮(Testosterone,T)、游离雄激素指数(Free androgen index,FAI)、空腹葡萄糖(Fast blood glucose,FBG)、甘油三酯(Triglyceride,TG)水平明显高于对照组;高密度脂蛋白(High density lipoprotein,HDL)水平显著低于对照组(P0.05)。而"痰湿型"PCOS以体重指数(Body mass index,BMI)、腰臀比(Waist hip ratio,WHR)、收缩压、黑棘皮和皮肤溢脂发生率、FAI、FBG、空腹胰岛素(Fast Insuline,FINS)、稳态模型胰岛素抵抗指数(Homeostasis model insulin resistance index,HOMA-IR)水平增高为主;而"非痰湿型"PCOS以LH/FSH、LH水平增高为主;与"非痰湿"对照组相比,"痰湿"对照组BMI、WHR、收缩压、FBG、TG、低密度脂蛋白(Low density lipoprotein,LDL)、HOMA-IR明显升高。结论:"痰湿证"PCOS患者以糖脂代谢异常和胰岛素抵抗为主,而"非痰湿证"PCOS患者以性腺轴紊乱和高雄激素血症为主,将PCOS患者分为"痰湿证"和"非痰湿证",能反映疾病不同证型的基本特点,对远期并发症的防治有指导意义。     

格列吡嗪对2型糖尿病患者血糖、血脂的影响

目的:探讨格列吡嗪对2型糖尿病患者血清血糖及血脂水平的影响.方法:2型糖尿病患者120例.两组年龄、性别匹配,按随机双盲法分为治疗组(60例)和安慰剂组(60例),干预治疗16周后比较其血清血糖和血脂水平,同时测血压、身高、体重等指标,计算体重指数(BMI).结果:经格列吡嗪治疗后,患者血糖、血脂水平明显降低(P＜0.05).结论:格列吡嗪可能通过降低血糖和血脂水平改善2型糖尿病患者胰岛素抵抗从而改善血糖及血脂水平.     

多囊卵巢综合征患者胰岛素抵抗和胰岛β细胞分泌功能与氧化应激的相关性研究

目的:探讨多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者胰岛素抵抗(IR)和胰岛β细胞分泌功能与氧化应激的相关性。方法:选择122名在大连市妇幼保健院生殖保健中心就诊的PCOS患者82例,包括IR组42例和非IR组40例,同期选取单纯因男性因素不育而月经规律、内分泌激素正常的对照组患者40例。检测空腹血糖(FBG)、空腹胰岛素(FINS)水平,测定血清活性氧(ROS)和丙二醛(MDA)含量以评价机体氧化应激,测定血清总抗氧化能力(TAC)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)含量评价机体的抗氧化能力,使用稳态模型评价机体的胰岛素抵抗(HOMA-IR)和胰岛β细胞分泌功能(HOMA-β)。结果:PCOS胰岛素抵抗组患者身体质量指数(BMI)、促黄体素(LH)、黄体生成激素/卵泡生成激素(LH/FSH)、睾酮(T)、FBG、FINS和HOMA-IR显著高于非IR和对照组,而HOMA-β显著低于非IR和对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);PCOS胰岛素抵抗组血清ROS和MDA含量较非IR组和对照组显著升高(P0.05),非IR组ROS含量显著高于对照组(P0.05),而非IR组和对照组MDA含量相比差异无显著性(P0.05);PCOS胰岛素抵抗组血清TAC和SOD含量较非IR组和对照组显著降低(P0.05),而非IR组血清TAC和SOD含量低于对照组,但差异无显著性(P0.05)。PCOS患者HOMA-IR与体质指数(BMI)及血清ROS和MDA水平呈正相关P0.01),与血清TAC和SOD活性呈显著负相关(P0.05)。结论:氧化应激与PCOS患者胰岛素抵抗密切相关,可能在其胰岛素抵抗发生发展进程中发挥着重要的作用。     

白蚁与动物及微生物的共生类型及其机制

综述了白蚁螱客的主要种类、共生关系及相关机制的研究进展。白蚁螱客中,已报道的动物种类达170种。在与动物的共生关系中存在偏利共生（宾主共栖和异种共栖）、互利共生和无关共生三种;在与微生物的共生关系中,存在与内生菌（原生动物、细菌、真菌和放线菌）和外生菌（蚁巢伞菌等）间的互利关系。指出了白蚁与螱客研究中存在的问题,给出了解决方案,并提出了今后可能的研究热点或方向,为白蚁的综合利用（如纤维素酶）及今后研究物种间的协同进化提供了基础资料。     

New amino-dithiaphospholanes and phosphoramidodithioites and their rhodium and iridium complexes

New sulfur derivatives of phosphoramidite ligands were synthesized and the impact of the sulfur unit on the spectroscopic properties of their rhodium and iridium complexes was investigated. The new ligands Bn₂NPSCH₂CH₂S^a(P-S^a) (Bn = benzyl, 4), Bn₂NPSCHCHS^a(CH₂)₃C^aH₂(P-S^a)(C^a-S^a) (6) and Bn₂NP(4-XC₆H₄OMe)₂ (X = S, 7a; X = O, 7b) were converted to the rhodium and iridium complexes trans-[Rh(CO)Cl(L)₂] (L = 4, 6, 7), [RhCl(COD)(L)] (L = 4, 6, 7), [IrCl(COD)(7a)] and [IrCl₂Cp∗(6)]. For comparison, some phosphoramidite complexes of these formulations also were synthesized. The new metal complexes were spectroscopically analyzed. For the carbonyl complexes, the ν_CO IR stretching frequencies were lower than for the corresponding phosphite and phosphoramidite ligands. The ¹J_PRh coupling constants for the rhodium complexes with the new ligands were also smaller than for the respective phosphoramidite and phosphite complexes. Finally, the ¹J_PSe coupling constants of the selenides of the new ligands were lower than those of the phosphoramidite ligands but higher than for PPh₃. The spectroscopic data reveal that the new thio ligands 4, 6 and 7a are more electron donating than phosphites and phosphoramidites but less electron donating than PPh₃.     

Astrocytes and Synaptosomes Transport and Metabolize Lactate and Acetate Differently

Astrocytes transport the monocarboxylate acetate, but synaptosomes do not. The reason for this is unknown, because both preparations express monocarboxylate transporters (MCT). The transport and metabolism of lactate, another monocarboxylate, was examined in these two preparations, and the results were compared to those for acetate. Lactate transport is more rapid in astrocytes than in synaptosomes, but of lower affinity (Kms of 17 and 4 mM, respectively). Lactate (0.2 mM) is metabolized to CO2 more rapidly in synaptosomes than in astrocytes (rates of 0.37 and 0.07 nmol x mg protein(-1) x min(-1), respectively). The reason for this is unclear, but cellular differences in lactate dehydrogenase isotype expression may be involved. Acetate is metabolized to CO2 more rapidly in astrocytes than in synaptosomes (rates of 0.43 and 0.02 nmol x mg protein(-1) x min(-1), respectively). This is likely due to cellular differences in the expression of monocarboxylate transporter subtypes.     

Rapporteur report: Basics and technology and metrology and standards

The first and second sessions of the Workshop focussed on the basics of ultrasound and infrasound, their applications in both industry and medicine, and metrology and protection standards for ultrasound applications.     

Relative and combined effects of ethanol and protein deficiency on strontium and barium bone content and fecal and urinary excretion

To elucidate accumulation of minerals in human iliac arteries with aging, the content of minerals was analyzed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. Bilateral common, internal, and external iliac arteries of 16 men and 8 women, ranging ages from 65 to 93 yr, were examined. It was found that an extremely high accumulation of calcium and phosphorus occurred in the common iliac artery at old age, being higher than that of the internal and external iliac arteries. It should be noted that the accumulation of calcium and phosphorus is the highest in the common iliac artery among the human arteries examined to date. Regarding sexual differences, the content of calcium and phosphorus in the common and internal iliac arteries was higher in women than in men, whereas their content in the external iliac artery was lower in women than in men.     

Chemokines and cytokines: axis and allies in asthma and allergy

Allergic asthma can be precipitated by many factors. For the atopic person, fungus, pollen, dust mites, cockroach antigens, and diesel exhaust are all agents that may trigger an allergic attack. Cytokines and chemokines are integral mediators of fungal asthma. From the earliest time points, they recruit and activate the cells required for the clearance of fungus as well as being critical factors involved in the immunopathology of this disease. In the final analysis, it is clear that these mediators can act to the benefit or the detriment of the host.     

人血管能抑素基因的克隆、表达及其表达产物的纯化和生物活性测定

以人胎盘脐带组织为材料,提取组织总RNA,用netRTPCR方法合成人血管能抑素cDNA基因,将该cDNA克隆进pSP72载体获得重组质粒pSP72C, DNA序列分析结果与预期序列一致。用BamHⅠ和NdeⅠ双酶切,切下pSP72C上的血管能抑素cDNA,插入pET3c载体的相应位点获得重组表达质粒pETC, 转化E. coli BL21(DE3), SDSPAGE分析显示：在IPTG诱导下,血管能抑素基因获得了高效表达,表达量约占菌体总蛋白的 27.9 %,主要以包涵体形式存在。包涵体经过洗涤、裂解、蛋白复性以及Sephadex G75凝胶过滤层析等步骤后,获得了纯度达91.4 %的人血管能抑素。CAM实验证明10 μg纯化蛋白就能显著抑制鸡胚新生血管生成。     

Oxidation and nitration of ribonuclease and lysozyme by peroxynitrite and myeloperoxidase

In spite of the many studies on protein modifications by reactive species, knowledge about the products resulting from the oxidation of protein-aromatic residues, including protein-derived radicals and their stable products, remains limited. Here, we compared the oxidative modifications promoted by peroxynitrite and myeloperoxidase/hydrogen peroxide/nitrite in two model proteins, ribonuclease (6Tyr) and lysozyme (3Tyr/6Trp). The formation of protein-derived radicals and products was higher at pH 5.4 and 7.4 for myeloperoxidase and peroxynitrite, respectively. The main product was 3-nitro-Tyr for both proteins and oxidants. Lysozyme rendered similar yields of nitro-Trp, particularly when oxidized by peroxynitrite. Hydroxylated and dimerized products of Trp and Tyr were also produced, but in lower yields. Localization of the main modified residues indicates that peroxynitrite decomposes to radicals within the proteins behaving less specifically than myeloperoxidase. Nitrogen dioxide is emphasized as an important protein modifier.