乌司他丁联合前列地尔对急性胰腺炎的临床疗效及对血清TNF-α、IL-1β、HMGB1、HSP的影响

目的:探讨乌司他丁联合前列地尔治疗急性胰腺炎的临床疗效及对血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)、白细胞介素(Interleukin-1 beta,IL-1β)、高迁移率组蛋白1(HMGB1)、热休克蛋白(HSP)的影响。方法:选择72例我院收治的急性胰腺炎患者并将其随机平均分为观察组和对照组。对照组按照常规方法治疗,观察组在常规治疗方法上采用乌司他丁联合前列地尔加入葡萄糖注射治疗。比较两组患者临床症状及体征恢复时间、治疗前后血清TNF-α、IL-1β、HMGB1、HSP水平的变化及血淀粉酶水平的恢复情况。结果:治疗后,观察组的总有效率为97.2%,对照组的总有效率为69.7%,观察组显著高于对照组(P0.05);观察组多个体征恢复时间均明显短于对照组(P0.05);两组血清TNF-α、IL-1β、HMGB1、HSP水平均较治疗前明显下降,且观察组以上指标均显著低于对照组(P0.05);观察组血淀粉酶水平恢复率明显高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:乌司他丁联合前列地尔治疗急性胰腺炎能有效提高其临床疗效,显著缩短临床症状及体征恢复时间、血淀粉酶恢复时间,降低患者血清TNF-α、IL-1β、HMGB1、HSP水平。     

乌司他丁治疗急性胰腺炎的临床疗效及机制研究

目的:探讨乌司他丁对急性胰腺炎患者的临床疗效及可能机制。方法:收集我院收治的重症急性胰腺炎患者66例,随机分为实验组和对照组。所有患者均给予禁食水、充分补液、纠正电解质紊乱等常规支持对症治疗。对照组予奥曲肽,实验组予乌司他丁,共治疗7天。测定两组患者治疗前、后各血清白介素-6(IL-6)、白介素-8(IL-8)及肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平;治疗前、治疗第1、3天及治疗后进行血常规检测,观察白细胞计数(WBC),并进行血淀粉酶(AMS)、尿淀粉酶(UAMY)测定;分别记录两组患者临床症状及体征恢复时间,判定临床疗效。结果:1治疗后,两组患者血清IL-6、IL-8及TNF-α水平均较治疗前显著下降,且实验组较对照组下降更明显(P0.05);2治疗后,两组患者白细胞计数及血、尿淀粉酶水平均较治疗前明显下降,且实验组较对照组下降更明显(P0.05);3治疗后,实验组各项临床症状及体征消失时间均明显短于对照组(P0.05)。结论:乌司他丁可有效改善急性胰腺胰腺炎患者的各项临床症状,这可能与其显著降低其血清IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α、淀粉酶水平、白细胞计数及尿淀粉酶水平有关。     

不同剂量乌司他丁对急性胰腺炎患者血清TNF-α，IL-1，IL-6及IL-8水平的影响

目的:探讨不同剂量乌司他丁对急性胰腺炎患者血清TNF-α、IL-1、IL-6、IL-8含量影响。方法:收集我院消化内科收治的急性胰腺炎患者72例,随机分为试验组和对照组,各36例。对照组予以10万IU静点,每8 h 1次;试验组患者予以乌司他丁30万IU静点,每8 h 1次。治疗后比较患者临床症状、血清TNF-α、IL-1、IL-6、IL-8含量、血淀粉酶、肝脏功能以及不良反应发生情况。结果:治疗后,与治疗前相比两组AMY、ALT以及Cr水平均降低(P0.05),血清TNF-α、IL-1、IL-6、IL-8水平均降低(P0.05)。与对照组相比,试验组治疗有效率较高(P0.05);试验组临床症状消失时间、实验室指标恢复时间以及住院天数缩短(P0.05);试验组TNF-α、IL-1、IL-6、IL-8水平较低(P0.05);试验组AMY、ALT以及Cr水平较低(P0.05)。结论:大剂量乌司他丁应用于急性胰腺炎的治疗安全有效,较正常剂量相比,能够缩短治疗时间,降低TNF-α、IL-1、IL-6、IL-8等炎症因子水平。     

加贝酯联合生长抑素治疗胰腺炎近期疗效及对炎症因子、D-乳酸的影响

目的:探讨加贝酯联合生长抑素治疗胰腺炎近期疗效及对炎症因子、D-乳酸的影响。方法:选择2017年1月至2010年1月在我院接受治疗的急性胰腺炎患者80例为研究对象,按照随机数表法分为对照组(n=40)和试验组(n=40)。对照组采用生长抑素治疗,实验组采用加贝酯联合生长抑素治疗,比较两组临床疗效、腹部体征与胃肠道功能恢复时间、血清CRP、TNF-α、IL-6、D-乳酸水平及血淀粉酶、尿淀粉酶、脂肪酶水平。并统计两组不良反应发生情况。结果:试验组组总有效率为75.00%(30/40),试验组总有效率为92.50%(37/40),两组比较有统计学意义(P0.05)。试验组腹部体征消失时间及胃肠道功能恢复时间均明显短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗前,两组CRP、TNF-α、IL-6、D-乳酸水平及血淀粉酶、尿淀粉酶、脂肪酶水平比较无统计学差异(P0.05);治疗后,试验组血清CRP、TNF-α、IL-6、D-乳酸水平及血淀粉酶、尿淀粉酶、脂肪酶水平均明显低于对照组(P0.05)。两组患者均发生不同程度的多器官功能衰竭、假性囊肿已经胰周感染,其试验组发生率为7.5%(3/40),对照组发生率为17.5%(7/40),两组比较具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:加贝酯联合生长抑素治疗胰腺炎可有效改善患者炎症因子水平及肠粘膜功能,更利于快速控制病情,从而显著提高临床疗效。     

奥曲肽辅助十二指肠镜治疗急性水肿型胆源性胰腺炎疗效及对炎症反应的影响

目的:探讨奥曲肽辅助十二指肠镜治疗急性水肿型胆源性胰腺炎疗效及对炎症反应的影响。方法:选择急性水肿型胆源性胰腺炎患者100例,随机分为研究组与对照组各50例,两组患者均给予禁食、抗感染、营养支持、酶抑制剂治疗,对照组同期给予十二指肠镜治疗,研究组同期给予奥曲肽辅助十二指肠镜治疗,比较两组腹痛缓解时间,白细胞(WBC)、体温恢复正常时间,治疗前(T0)、治疗3d(T1)、治疗7d(T2)血、尿淀粉酶水平与炎症因子CRP、IL-6、TNF-α水平的变化。结果:(1)研究组腹痛缓解时间、WBC、体温恢复正常时间均较对照组明显缩短(P0.05);(2)两组患者T1、T2血、尿淀粉酶水平均较T0明显降低,且T2血、尿淀粉酶水平低于T1(P0.05),研究组T1、T2血、尿淀粉酶水平均低于对照组(P0.05);(3)两组T1、T2血清CRP、IL-6、TNF-α水平均较T0明显降低,且T2低于T1(P0.05),研究组T1、T2时血清CRP、IL-6、TNF-α水平均低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:奥曲肽辅助十二指肠镜治疗急性水肿型胆源性胰腺炎可提高早期治疗效果,减轻炎症反应。     

醋酸奥曲肽联合乌司他丁对重症急性胰腺炎患者血清ET、MCP-1、TNF-α、IL-6水平及预后的影响

目的:探讨醋酸奥曲肽联合乌司他丁对重症急性胰腺炎血清内皮素(ET)、单核细胞趋化因子蛋白1(MCP-1)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白介素-6(IL-6)水平及预后的影响。方法:纳入我院2017年1月至2018年9月收治的94例重症急性胰腺炎患者,并依据随机数字表法将其分为对照组47例与观察组47例。对照组患者给予乌司他丁治疗,观察组在对照组基础上结合醋酸奥曲肽治疗,两组疗程均为7～14 d。比较两组治疗的疗效,血淀粉酶和尿淀粉酶恢复正常时间,腹痛缓解时间、肠鸣音恢复时间和腹胀缓解时间,治疗前后血清ET、MCP-1、TNF-α、IL-6水平的变化及预后。结果:观察组治疗总有效率(93.62%)显著高于对照组(72.34%)(P0.05)。观察组血淀粉酶和尿淀粉酶恢复时间、腹痛缓解时间、肠鸣音恢复时间和腹胀缓解时间明显短于对照组(P0.05)。两组治疗后血清ET、MCP-1、TNF-α和IL-6水平均较治疗前降低(P0.05),且观察组以上指标均显著低于对照组(P0.05)。观察组出院时生存率高于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:与单用乌司他丁相比,醋酸奥曲肽联合乌司他丁治疗重症急性胰腺炎患者疗效更好,其可显著降低患者血清ET、MCP-1、TNF-α和IL-6水平。     

甲钴胺联合血液透析治疗尿毒症患者周围神经病变的效果及对患者血清微炎症介质水平的影响

目的:探讨甲钴胺联合血液透析治疗尿毒症患者周围神经病变的效果及对患者血清微炎症介质水平的影响。方法:将86例合并周围神经病变的尿毒症患者随机分为观察组46例与对照组40例,两组均接受血液净化治疗,观察组同时加用甲钴胺治疗。比较两组治疗前后的血清C-反应蛋白(CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α),白细胞介素-6(IL-6)及IL-8水平,肢体正中神经与腓浅神经的感觉神经传导速度(SCV)以及临床症状、体征改善情况。结果:治疗后,两组血清CRP、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-8水平均较治疗前明显下降(P0.05),正中神经与腓总神经的SCV均较治疗前明显提高(P0.05),且观察组血清CRP、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-8水平明显低于对照组(P0.05),正中神经SCV显著高于对照组(P0.05),四肢感觉减退、四肢远端麻木与烧灼感、不宁腿综合征、肢端疼痛的发生率明显低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:甲钴胺联合血液透析对尿毒症性周围神经病变的疗效明显优于单用血液透析治疗,且可显著改善机体的微炎症状态。     

CBP治疗重症急性胰腺炎患者的临床效果及其机制分析

探讨连续性血液净化(CBP)治疗重症急性胰腺炎的临床效果及其作用机制。选取在我院(2014年4月至2016年4月)收治的86例重症急性胰腺炎患者,其中43例患者(常规组)采用禁食禁水、胃肠减压、抗感染、解痉、调节水电解质等基础治疗,43例患者在常规组治疗基础上加用CBP治疗(观察组),对比两组患者的临床效果。结果显示,治疗前,观察组和对照组患者血清的IL-6、TNF-α、IL-10、PCT、IL-1β水平差异无统计学意义(p0.05);治疗后24 h、治疗后48 h、治疗后72 h,观察组患者的血清IL-6、TNF-α、IL-10、PCT、IL-1β水平均显著的低于对照组(p0.05);治疗后24 h、治疗后48 h、治疗后72 h,观察组患者的肾素、醛固酮、AngⅠ、AngⅡ、血清淀粉酶、尿淀治疗前,观察组和对照组患者肾素、醛固酮、AngⅠ、AngⅡ、血清淀粉酶、尿淀粉酶、血乳酸水平差异无统计学意义(p0.05);粉酶、血乳酸水平均显著的低于对照组(p0.05);治疗后,观察组患者治愈53.49%、有效44.19%、无效2.33%,常规组治愈32.56%、有效60.47%、无效6.98%,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(p0.05)。结果表明CBP治疗重症急性胰腺炎能减轻患者的炎症状态、调节肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统,从而提高临床治疗效果。     

连续肾脏替代治疗对脓毒症患者血清中TNF-α、IL-6和IL-8表达的影响

目的:探讨连续肾脏替代治疗(CRRT)对脓毒症患者血清中肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白介素-6(IL-6)和白介素-8(IL-8)的影响。方法:将我院2013年1月-2014年6月间收治的80例脓毒症患者随机分为观察组与对照组各40例,两组患者均给予脓毒症常规治疗,观察组另给予CRRT治疗。观察比较两组患者治疗前1天,治疗后24 h,72 h空腹静脉血TNF-α、IL-6、IL-8水平。结果:观察组治愈率为85.0%(34/40),明显高于对照组的55.0%(22/40),差异有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗24h、72h后两组患者TNF-α、IL-6和IL-8水平均明显下降,其中观察组下降更显著,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:CRRT能有效降低脓毒症患者血清中TNF-α、IL-6和IL-8水平,有助于对炎症反应的正向调节。     

甲氨蝶呤联合来氟米特治疗类风湿性关节炎的疗效及对血清 CRP、IL-8及 TNF-α水平的影响

目的:探讨甲氨蝶呤联合来氟米特治疗类风湿性关节炎(RA)的疗效及对患者血清C反应蛋白(CRP)、白细胞介素-8(IL-8)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平的影响。方法:选择2015年1月至2017年3月我院收治的RA患者106例,采用随机数字表法分为观察组(53例)和对照组(53例),两组均给予常规治疗,对照组加用甲氨蝶呤治疗,观察组在对照组的基础上加用来氟米特治疗,治疗4个月后,评价两组患者的临床疗效、临床症状,并对比两组患者血清CRP、IL-8及TNF-α水平变化。结果:治疗4个月后,观察组临床总有效率为96.23(51/53),高于对照组的79.25(42/53),差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗前两组晨僵时间、压痛关节数、肿胀关节数等主要临床症状比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);治疗4个月后,两组晨僵时间较治疗前缩短,压痛及肿胀关节数减少,且观察组晨僵时间短于对照组,压痛及肿胀关节数少于对照组(P0.05)。治疗前两组患者血清CRP、IL-8及TNF-α水平比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);治疗4个月后,两组血清CRP、IL-8及TNF-α水平均较治疗前降低,且观察组低于对照组(P0.05)。治疗期间,观察组药物相关不良反应发生率为13.21(7/53),与对照组的11.32(6/53)比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:甲氨蝶呤联合来氟米特治疗RA的疗效理想,可显著改善患者的临床症状及降低血清CRP、IL-8及TNF-α水平。     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

Cause of Senescence of Nine Sorts of Flowers

The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.     

龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状

龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。     

真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学

本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.     

The effects of glutamine of the maintenance of embryogenic cultures of Cryptomeria japonica

Summary Embryogenic tissues of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) were induced on a modified Campbell and Durzan (CD) medium containing 1 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 600 mg l⁻¹ glutamine, and subcultured in the medium of the same composition for over 1 yr. This resulted in a mixed culture of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells. When embryogenic cells were isolated and cultured independently, their capacity to form embryogenic aggregates was lost. Thus, the non-embryogenic cells present within a mixed culture system were essential to the formation of embryogenic aggregates. When embryogenic tissues were isolated and cultured independently on a high glutamine-containing (2400 mg l⁻¹) medium, dry weights and endogenous levels of glutamine increased, and the tissue could generate a large number of embryogenic aggregates. Amino acid analysis of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells from the maintenance culture indicated a higher level of glutamine was present in the latter. The high endogenous level of glutamine in the non-embryogenic portion of mixed cell masses may be the supplier of glutamine for maintaining the embryogenic property of the tissues.     

Specificity of action of piperidylcholine derivatives as substrates of cholinesterases of various origin

The review deals with study of enzymologic properties of a novel highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate, N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium iodomethylate (“piperidylcholine”), and its 30 derivatives that were tested as effectors of cholinesterases of mammals and various species of Pacific squids. It was proven for the first time that responsible for specificity of action was structure of cyclic ammonium grouping of the alcohol part of molecule of the ester substrate. Analysis of specificity is performed based on enzymatic hydrolysis parameters—activity of catalytic center of cholinesterases and bimolecular constant of the reaction rate that are determined at optimal and low substrate concentrations. Among the specially synthesized group of thioester compounds there is revealed one more highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate—N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium.     

Photoregulation of seed germination of wild-type and of an aurea-mutant of tomato

Seed germination of an aurea mutant of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is promoted by continuous irradiation with red, far-red or long-wavelength far-red (758 nm) light as well as by cyclic irradiations (5 min red or 5 min far-red/25 min darkness). Far-red light applied immediately after each red does not change the germination behaviour. Seed germination of the isogenic wild-type, cv. UC-105, is promoted by continuous and cyclic red light while it is inhibited by continuous and cyclic far-red light and by continious 758 nm irradiation. Far-red irradiation reverses almost completely the promoting effect of red light. The promoting effect (in the aurea mutant) and the inhibitory effect (in the wild-type) of continuous far-red light do not show photon fluence rate dependency above 20 nmol m⁻² s⁻¹. It is concluded that phytochrome controls tomato seed germination throgh low energy responses in both the wild type and the au mutant. The promoting effect of continuous and cyclic far-red light in the au mutant can be attributed to a greater sensitivity to P_fr.     

医疗机构合理用药评价模型的构建研究

目的 针对医疗机构的合理用药水平进行评价研究。方法 根据医疗机构合理用药的具体要求,构建医疗机构合理用药评价指标体系,采用基于模糊群决策的方法和多指标评价分析法构建医疗机构合理用药评价模型。结果 构建了基于模糊群决策的医疗机构合理用药评价模型,并通过实例分析证明了评价模型的可行性。结论 建立的基于模糊群决策的医疗机构合理用药评价模型能够对医疗机构的合理用药水平进行科学评价,为提高医疗机构合理用药水平奠定基础。