成年龙眼园平衡施肥示范试验

示范试验结果表明,成年龙眼的平衡施肥对提高土壤肥力,保护树体适宜营养水平以及增加果实产量有明显作用,从而证实平衡施肥方案的可行性。作者推荐,闽南丘陵地成年龙眼园的年施肥方案：Ｎ２０￣２５ｋｇ;Ｎ：Ｐ２Ｏ５：Ｋ２Ｏ：ＣａＯ：ＭｇＯ＝１．０：０．５：￣０．６：１．０￣１．１：０．８：０．４。     

丹参高产栽培优化配方施肥技术研究

采用N、P二因素五水平和N、P、K三因素五水平最优设计,在陕西商洛进行了丹参的氮磷钾肥施用量及配比试验研究。求得丹参NP和NPK的肥效反应数学模型,通过模拟选优,提出了丹参El标产量在5000～5700kg／hm^2之间的N、P用量是N115．5～214．3kg／hm^2,P2O5用量是153．4～243．4kg／hm^2(N：P2O5=1：1．15)。丹参目标产量在8000～9500kg／hm^2之间的N、P、K施肥用量N133．8～207．5kg／hm^2,P2O5用量是68．25～115．8kg／hm^2,K2O用量是80．3～146．5kg／hm^2(N：P2O5：K2O=1：0．54：0．67)。     

琼花的离体快速繁殖

1植物名称琼花（ViburnummacrocephalumFort.f.keteleeri），又名聚八仙、八仙花。2材料类别幼胚、幼年态茎芽和成年态顶芽、腋芽。未成熟果实来自昆山亭林公园；幼年态茎芽取自实生无菌苗；成年态茎芽是江苏农学院和扬州大明寺赠送的枝条。3＿培养条件（）未成熟种子及幼胚培养基：MS＋6－BA0．l～1．0mg·L－‘（单位下同）＋GA八1～5；（2）幼年态茎芽增殖培养基：MS＋ZTI～5＋IAA0．1～1．0；（3）成年态茎芽增殖培养基：MS＋ZTI～5＋ZIP0．5～2＋IAA0．l～1．0；（4）生根培养基：l／ZMS＋IBA0．5～2．0。以上蔗糖除生根…     

水稻氮,磷,钾营养和合理施肥

肥料是作物的“粮食”,高产必须施肥。现以水稻为例,阐述各生育期的营养生理特点,提出合理施肥原则。1水稻各生育期对氮、磷、钾的需求水稻苗期和分美盛期是水稻吸收氮、磷、钾的营养高峰期。在此期间叶片含氮量为3％～5％;含磷量（P2P2）为0．2％;含钾量（K2O）为2％～3．5％,甚至达5.5％以上。叶片含氮量在2．5％以下,则不发生分蘖。含磷量少于0．1％时长出来的分蘖也会死亡。叶片含钾（K2O）在1．4％～1．8％以下（有的认为是1．0％～1．5％以下）则为分蘖期钾的临界值。可见苗期和分荣盛期前充分施氮、磷、钾三要素对促进植株…     

巨紫荆幼胚再生体系的建立

1植物名称巨紫荆（（Cercls gtgantea Cheng et Keng f．）,植株来源于本校校园内。2材料类别9月上旬巨紫荆荚果中未成熟种胚。3培养条件幼胚萌发与无菌苗生长的培养基：（1）-（3）1／2MS＋6-BA0．5mg．L-1（单位下同）＋蔗糖（2％、2．5％、3％）;（4）-（6）1／2MS0＋6-BA0．5＋蔗;膪（2％、2．5％、3％）;（7）～（8）1／2MS＋6-BA0．5＋维生素C（Vc,0．5、1．0）;（9）-（10）1／2MS0＋6-BA0．5＋Vc（0．5、1．0）。芽增殖培养基：（11）MK＋6-BA0．5＋NAA0．1;（12）MK＋6-BA0,75＋NAA0．1;（13）MK＋6-BA0．5＋NAA0．25;（14）MK＋6-BA0．75＋NAA0．25;（15）MK＋6-BA1．0＋NAA0．25;（16）MK＋6-BA1．5＋NAA0．25;壮苗培养基：（17）MK＋6-BA0．75＋NAA0．1＋1．0g．L-1水解酪蛋白（CH）;08）MK＋6．BA1．O＋NAA0．1＋1．0g．L-1CH;（19）MK＋6-BA0．75＋NAA0．25＋1．0g．L-1CH;（20）MK＋6-BAl．0＋NAAO．25＋1．0g．L-1 CH;（21）MK＋6．BA1．5＋NAA0．25＋1．0g．L-1CH。生根培养基：（22）MK＋IBA0．5＋NAA1．O;（23）MK＋IBA1．O＋NAA0．5;（24）MK＋IBA1．0＋NAA1．O;（25）MK＋IBA1．5＋NAA0．5;（26）MK＋IBA1．5＋NAA1．0。培养基（7）-（26）添加2．5％的蔗糖。     

响叶杨叶片组织培养成苗

PlantletRegenerationfromLeavesofPopulusadenopopobyTissueCultureZHUZhong－Rong、YANGYe－Zheng,WL’Xiao－Xian（t;ltible,IIAeri（ndl’7’ot－tZdhw’．（二550025）1植物名称响叶杨（几周讪。。0小叨0即向）。2材料类别成年优良单株休眠住条经水塔抽出的新生叶片。3培养条件（l）叶片分地出芽培养基：WPM＋6－BAO．5～ling／L（单位下同一十NAA1十蔗糖3％十琼脂0．8％．PH5sc（2）小芽增殖培养基：l／2MS＋6－BA0．2～05＋NAA0．of十蔗糖2／十球脂0．8％,PH58。（）诱导生根培养基：1／2MS＋NAA0．2十蔗糖…     

氮、钾营养对烤烟产量、产值和优质烟叶比例的影响

通过田间小区试验,研究氮素和钾素对烤烟产量、产值及优质烟叶(中上等烟叶)比例的影响,结果表明：(1)烤烟产量与施钾肥量具有显著正相关,并与施氮肥量有关;(2)产值与施氮肥量呈显著二次曲线相关性;(3)中上等烟比例与施肥比例(N／K)呈显著负相关,与施钾量、烟叶含钾量、土壤供钾能力有关。试验区烤烟优质、适产,要求施氮量(N)105一l12．8kg／hm2,施钾量(K)217．95—261．45kg／hm2,施肥比例(N／K比)0．40—0．48(N：K＝1：2．1—2．50或N：K2O＝1：2．5—3．0)。     

施肥对金盏菊生长、开花及养分吸收的影响

研究了氮、磷、钾不同施肥处理对金盏菊（Calendula officinalisL.）生长、开花、干物质积累量及养分吸收的影响。结果表明：推荐施肥[N-P2O5-K2O：（0.4-0.2-0.3）g/kg]能有效促进金盏菊的生长及花朵开放,其中干物质积累量和总花朵数,分别比不施肥处理增加了264.3%和323.1%,比习惯施肥增加了16.0%和25.0%;不施肥、习惯施肥和推荐施肥三者干物质日积累量高峰均出现在移栽后29～35 d,分别为0.15、0.43、0.42 g/d;各处理氮、磷、钾吸收量之间均存在显著差异,推荐施肥处理N、P、K养分累积量分别为0.33、0.04、0.39 g/株,分别是不施肥处理的6.93倍、3.94倍和3.61倍,为习惯施肥的1.49倍、1.35倍和1.24倍,各处理金盏菊对N、P、K养分吸收比例变幅为1∶（0.13～0.24）∶（1.20～2.30）,平均比例为1∶0.17∶1.65。     

樟的离体繁殖

1植物名称樟（G）ran7Th7Yollas,zzrx＃zl）,又名香榜、小叶樟。2材料类别项芽和胶芽。3培养条件所用培养基和激素为：（1）MS＋BA3mg·I。－‘（单位下同）＋NAA0．5＋GAsO．l;（2）MS＋BA3＋NAA0．2～O5;（3）MS＋BA5＋NAA0．2～0．5;（4）ER＋IBA05;（5）1／2MS（微量元素减半）。以上培养基除（4）、（5）蔗糖为2％外,其余均为3％;琼腊0．6％,州5．6～5．8。培养温度26土2”C,每天光照12h,光照度2000IX。4生长与分化情况4月间剪取八至十年生樟根茎联接处当年生幼态萌条的嫩芽,用自来水冲洗干净,7O％酒精浸…     

花烛的组织培养与快速繁殖

1植物名称花烛（Anthuriumandraeanum）,别名红掌、安祖花。2材料类别叶柄、叶片。3培养条件基本培养基为改良MS[NH4NO3改为412mg·L-1（单位下同）,FeSO4·7H2O改为9．3],简称ZS。诱导愈伤组织培养基：（1）ZS＋6－BA4。芽分化培养基：（2）ZS＋6-BA1＋KT1;（3）ZS＋6-BA2;（4）ZS＋6－BA0．5＋KT0．1;（5）ZS＋6－BA0．5。诱导生根培养基：（6）1／3ZS＋IBA0．5。以上培养基均加0．65％琼脂,3％蔗糖（根培养为2％）,pH5．8～60。培养温度28～30℃,光照度1000～1500lx,光照10～12h·d－1。4生长与分化情况4．1…     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

Cause of Senescence of Nine Sorts of Flowers

The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.     

龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状

龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。     

The effects of glutamine of the maintenance of embryogenic cultures of Cryptomeria japonica

Summary Embryogenic tissues of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) were induced on a modified Campbell and Durzan (CD) medium containing 1 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 600 mg l⁻¹ glutamine, and subcultured in the medium of the same composition for over 1 yr. This resulted in a mixed culture of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells. When embryogenic cells were isolated and cultured independently, their capacity to form embryogenic aggregates was lost. Thus, the non-embryogenic cells present within a mixed culture system were essential to the formation of embryogenic aggregates. When embryogenic tissues were isolated and cultured independently on a high glutamine-containing (2400 mg l⁻¹) medium, dry weights and endogenous levels of glutamine increased, and the tissue could generate a large number of embryogenic aggregates. Amino acid analysis of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells from the maintenance culture indicated a higher level of glutamine was present in the latter. The high endogenous level of glutamine in the non-embryogenic portion of mixed cell masses may be the supplier of glutamine for maintaining the embryogenic property of the tissues.     

Specificity of action of piperidylcholine derivatives as substrates of cholinesterases of various origin

The review deals with study of enzymologic properties of a novel highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate, N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium iodomethylate (“piperidylcholine”), and its 30 derivatives that were tested as effectors of cholinesterases of mammals and various species of Pacific squids. It was proven for the first time that responsible for specificity of action was structure of cyclic ammonium grouping of the alcohol part of molecule of the ester substrate. Analysis of specificity is performed based on enzymatic hydrolysis parameters—activity of catalytic center of cholinesterases and bimolecular constant of the reaction rate that are determined at optimal and low substrate concentrations. Among the specially synthesized group of thioester compounds there is revealed one more highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate—N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium.     

真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学

本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.     

医疗机构合理用药评价模型的构建研究

目的 针对医疗机构的合理用药水平进行评价研究。方法 根据医疗机构合理用药的具体要求,构建医疗机构合理用药评价指标体系,采用基于模糊群决策的方法和多指标评价分析法构建医疗机构合理用药评价模型。结果 构建了基于模糊群决策的医疗机构合理用药评价模型,并通过实例分析证明了评价模型的可行性。结论 建立的基于模糊群决策的医疗机构合理用药评价模型能够对医疗机构的合理用药水平进行科学评价,为提高医疗机构合理用药水平奠定基础。     

The mechanism of hatching of eggs of Haemonchus contortus

Fluid collected from hatching eggs of Haemonchus contortus contained a lipase which hydrolysed 2-naphthyl laurate (about 0·7 μmol naphthol freed /h/10⁶ eggs). The fluid also hydrolysed l-leucinamide (about 2·3 μmol leucine freed/h/10⁶ eggs). The fluid when added to normal or heated eggs caused ‘hatching’. ‘Hatching’ also occurred in exsheathing fluid from infective juveniles and in a preparation of pancreatic lipase containing leucine aminopeptidase. A purified mammalian leucine aminopeptidase in combination with several different lipases did not attack egg shells.The ‘spontaneous’ hatching of eggs of H. contortus was strongly inhibited by 1,10-phenanthroline, 10^?3M, and this inhibition was reversed by Zn²⁺. However, the inhibition of ‘hatching’ of eggs in externally applied hatching fluid, or the hydrolysis of leucinamide in hatching fluid was generally less marked.