大鼠再生肝中表达上调基因的筛选与鉴定

采用新发展的抑制差减杂交技术（suppression subtractive hybridization,SSH）在基因组水平筛选再生肝中高表达基因。大鼠肝部分切除后24h的再生杆组织来源的cDNA作为受检者（tester）,正常肝组织的cDNA作为驱动者（driver）,进行差减杂交,获得一900个克隆的差减杂交库,随后对差减克隆进行了差异筛选,得到50个在再生肝中高表达的强阳性克隆,序列测定和同源比较表明这些克隆代表了37个基因,其中13个与已报道的肝再生相关的基因同源,15个为忆知基因但首次发现与肝再生相关,9个为新的基因（EST）已被GenBank收录。制备了标准化RNA点杂交膜,通过对上述部分基因的RNA点杂交分析,不但确认了这些基因在再生肝中表达水平的升高,同时发现它们在肝再生过程中有不同的表达模式。实验结果提示这些基因在肝再生过程中具有重要功能。     

大鼠肝癌变过程与核RNA互补单一顺序DNA复杂性增加和与核RNA互补中度重复顺序DNA复杂性减少

我们曾用固相核酸分子杂交技术,比较喂二乙基亚硝胺的大鼠肝细胞核RNA和细胞质RNA,观察到与DNA重复顺序互补的细胞核RNA有变化。随后,用预饱和竞争抑制实验证实,与DNA重复顺序互补的正常大鼠肝细胞核RNA多于移植性大鼠肝癌细胞核RNA。以标记的正常大鼠肝DNA单一顺序为探针,其与正常大鼠肝细胞核RNA饱和杂交百分数低于移植性大鼠肝癌细胞核RNA。本文则观察到喂二乙基亚硝胺不同时间的大鼠肝细胞核RNA与正常大鼠肝DNA单一顺序互补杂交百分数逐步增加;而与正常大鼠肝DNA中度重复顺序互补杂交百分数逐步减少。     

人凝血因子Ⅶ cDNA基因的克隆与鉴定

目的:克隆并鉴定人凝血因子ⅦcDNA基因。方法:采用反转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)的方法,从人胎肝总RNA中扩增人凝血因子ⅦcDNA基因,将其克隆入pGEM-T载体,对阳性克隆进行序列测定和分析。结果:经RT-PCR扩增和克隆,获得了人凝血因子ⅦcDNA基因,经序列分析表明,所克隆的基因序列正确。结论:本试验成功克隆了人凝血因子ⅦcDNA基因,为重组人凝血因子Ⅶ的研究奠定了基础。     

大鼠肝和移植性大鼠肝癌BERH-2细胞核DNA的比较

在我们已发表和待发表的工作中观察到,大鼠肝癌细胞中能与正常大鼠肝细胞核DNA重复顺序互补的细胞核RNA,比正常大鼠肝细胞核RNA少;而能与正常大鼠肝细胞核DNA单一顺序互补的细胞核RNA,比正常大鼠肝细胞核RNA有所增加。此外,细胞核RNA由细胞核向细胞质内的运转,肝癌细胞也比正常肝细胞有增加。因此,提出一个问题即,在正常大鼠肝和大鼠肝癌细胞核RNA间所观察到的差异,是反映转录水平的变化,或是反映转录后水平的变化,抑     

大鼠肝和BERH—2肝癌5Kb BamHI DNA片段的克隆及其转录研究

本文克隆了大鼠肝和肝癌BERH-2 DNA的分子大小约为5kb的BamHI片段(Bam5族重复顺序)。从筛选出的克隆中取一个来自肝癌细胞基因组DNA的克隆片段H5 B-1和来自肝细胞基因组DNA克隆片段L5 B-4做进一步分析研究。采用RNA点杂交法对L5 B-4DNA片段的转录产物在细胞核、质间分布的研究结果表明:L5 B-4 DNA片段转录产物在肝癌细胞的总核RNA,poly A~ 核RNA和poly A~-核RNA中的相对量,比正常肝细胞的相应RNA组分低;在肝癌细胞的总胞质RNA和多聚核蛋白体RNA中的相对量,则比正常肝细胞的相应RNA组分高;其转录产物在poly A~ 核RNA中的相对含量高于其他细胞RNA组分,几乎不存在于rRNA中。当用大鼠肝和肝癌总RNA进行RNA点杂交比较时其转录产物在肝癌细胞中的相对含量则高于正常肝。结果提示,L5 B-4 DNA片段的转录产物从细胞核向细胞质内转运,肝癌细胞明显高于正常肝细胞。以H5 B-1 DNA片段代替L5 B-4 DNA片段进行RNA点杂交,得近似的杂交放射自显影图谱。     

牛生长激素cDNA的分子克隆

我们克隆了与牛生长激素Poly(A)⁺RNA互补的DNA(cDNA)。首先从小牛垂体中提纯总的Pply(A)⁺RNA,用AMV逆转录酶合成单链cDNA,以单链cDNA为模板合成双链cDNA,用多聚G及多聚c谱尾法将双链cDNA克隆到pBR322质粒的Pst I位点上,构建成牛垂体PoIy(A)⁺RNA的cDNA文库。以牛生长激素基因为探针,筛选出7个阳性菌落,经电泳鉴定有两个菌落(1号和2号)含有大于500bp的插入片段。1号克隆经酶切图谱、southeTn blot 杂交及序列分析证实含有牛生长激素的编码序列。     

常氏肝癌细胞cDNA文库的构建及ADAMs相关基因的免疫筛选与序列分析

抽提常氏肝癌细胞的总RNA,以oligo(dT)为引物,通过两次转换模板,采用LD-PCR合成全长cDNA,在cDNA两端引入SfiI的酶切位点。以λTriplEX2为载体经过包装后构建了常氏肝癌细胞cDNA表达文库。以ADAMs通用抗体,用免疫筛选技术从常氏肝癌cDNA文库中筛选出22个阳性克隆,经测序分析和BLAST检索,证实其中一个为新基因,部分区域具有蛋白酶的功能,对该基因进行了GenBank登录,获注册号为AY078070。该基因的克隆为研究ADAMs相关基因的功能奠定了基础。     

脂肪酸合成酶基因片段克隆以及胰岛素诱导时该酶mRNA含量的变化

采用高效的由mRNA合成cDNA的方法,我们得到了含有3.7kb的脂肪酸合成酶基因片段的克隆pFAS_(203)。它具有限制内切酶PstⅠ、BamH Ⅰ、HineⅡ、PvuⅡ、Ava Ⅰ以及Pvu Ⅰ酶切位点,与已经得到的经杂交选择的mRNA离体翻译产物鉴定的cDNA克隆pFAS_(15)有部分重叠。对饥饿的糖尿病大鼠注射胰岛素并饲以无脂食物,肝中FAS mRNA以及其前体RNA含量增加,当注射后再饲无脂食物达12小对,肝中FASmRNA及其前体RNA约为糖尿病鼠的30倍。Poly(A)~+ RNA的Northern分析表明诱导期间FASmRNA含量增加而其分子大小不变。这些结果表明胰岛素对FAS基因的转录有调节作用。胰岛素诱导后的脂肪酸合成酶活性升高是在转录水平上调节的。     

三个MS3基因克隆的初步鉴定

我们已经克隆了一个小鼠未分化胚胎癌 (EC）细胞特异的cDNA )Rt序（MS, cDNA)o 用MS, cDNA作探针,证明编码MS3 cDNA的 基因在小鼠基因组中约有3,000个拷贝［w。由 于MS3 cDNA顺序较短,仅长250bp,就产生 了这样一个可能性：MS3 cDNA仅是一个中等 重复顺序,在绝大多数情况下,它分散在小鼠基 因组的不表达顺序中,虽然也存在于某些少数 基因中,但仅局限于3'端的非编码区。     

肝癌组织及细胞系总RNA抽提逆转及基因克隆方法的改进与比较

本文建立了高效肝组织及细胞总RNA抽提、反转录以进行基因克隆和实时定量PCR（q-RT-PCR）的方法。 比较了2种反转录酶(M-MLV和SuperScriptII)、2种cDNA合成引物(Oligo dT和random 6 primer)对总RNA反转录效率的影响,与4种DNA聚合酶（Taq聚合酶、Pfu聚合酶、LA taq聚合酶、Prime Star聚合酶）进行长片段基因克隆的能力及效率;同时,该研究比较了不同质量总RNA对有效进行q-RT-PCR与长片段分子克隆的影响。新建立的RNA提取方法使得RNA完整性和均一性提高。RNA的完整性及均一性对长片段cDNA的克隆至关重要。部分降解的组织RNA及细胞RNA仅适合于q-RT-PCR检测mRNA的表达水平,而不适合于cDNA的克隆。     

大鼠7SRNA顺序的分子克隆,其基因结构和细胞内分布的分析

The cDNA copy of in vitro polyadenylated 7s RNA from rat liver cells have been cloned and sequenced. One clone (p 24) contains a 7 s cDNA fragment with 180 bp from 3'end. Sequence analysis indicated that 7s RNA in rat liver cells showed at least one nucleotide substitution compared with that in rat Novikoff hepatoma cells. Southern blot of rat liver and hepatoma genomic DNA shows that 7s RNA gene is a multigene family (10-20 copies per haploid genome) and these loci seems not to be clustered, but have a dispersed array in the genome. We have determined the subcellular distribution of 7 s RNA in rat liver cell by means of RNA-excess hybridization. The result indicated that 42% 7s RNA exists in cell nuclei. Dot hybridization to RNA from liver cells and hepatoma cells proved that the normal liver cells contain relatively more 7 s RNA than that in hepatoma cells.     

Human augmenter of liver regeneration: molecular cloning, biological activity and roles in liver regeneration

The complete amino acid sequence of human augmenter of liver regeneration (hALR) was reported by deduction from nucleotide sequence of its complementary DNA . The cDNA for hALR was isolated by screening a human fetal liver cDNA library and the sequencing of this insert revealed an open reading frame encoding a protein with 125aa and highly homologous (87% ) with rat ALR encoding sequence. The recombinant hALR expressed from its cDNA in transient expression experiments in cos-7 cells could stimulate DNA synthesis of HTC hepatoma cell in the dose-dependent and heat-resistant way. Northern blot analysis with rat ALR cDNA as probe confirmed that ALR mRNA was expressed in the normal rat liver at low level and that dramatically increased in the regenerating liver after partial hepatectomied rat. This size of hALR mRNA is 1.4 kb long and expressed in human fetal liver, kidney and testis. These findings indicated that liver itself may be the resource of ALR and suggested that ALR seems to be an im-portant parac     

Comparison of polysomal and nuclear poly(A)-containing RNA populations from normal rat liver and Novikoff hepatoma.

Polysomal and nuclear poly(A)-containing RNA of normal rat liver and Novikoff hepatoma cells have been compared by cDNA.RNA hybridization kinetics. Homologous hybridization reactions revealed at total kinetic complexity of about 1.6 X 10(10) and 1.38 X 10(10) daltons for liver and Novikoff mRNA respectively. The high abundance component present in liver cannot be detected in Novikoff. It was found from heterologous reactions that about 30% by weight of mRNA sequences are specific to liver. Determination of the nuclear poly(A)-containing RNA complexities revealed that about 5.5% and 4% of the haploid genome is expressed in the liver and Novikoff respectively. In a heterologous reaction, up to 30% of the liver cDNA failed to form hybrids with Novikoff nuclear RNA. Cross hybridizations have further revealed abundance shifts in both nuclear and polysomal RNA populations. Some sequences abundant in liver are less abundant in Novikoff and some rare liver sequences are relatively abundant in Novikoff.     

A complete complementary DNA for the oncodevelopmental calcium-binding protein, oncomodulin

RNA from a rat liver tumor (Morris hepatoma 5123tc) was used to construct cDNAs together comprising the complete coding sequence of rat oncomodulin mRNA. Information obtained from these cDNAs as well as from primer extension analysis gave a deduced length for the complete oncomodulin mRNA of approximately 680 nucleotides (excluding the poly(A) tail) including a 5'-untranslated region of 97 +/- 2 nucleotides, a 324-nucleotide-coding sequence and a 259-nucleotide 3'-noncoding region. Comparison of the oncomodulin cDNA sequence with those coding for other members of the calcium-binding protein family shows little homology with the exception of a recently reported parvalbumin cDNA where the oncomodulin and parvalbumin nucleotide sequences are 59% identical in the protein-coding region. RNA blot analysis of poly(A+) RNA from normal adult rat liver gave no evidence of oncomodulin expression in this tissue. A single RNA species was detected, however, in RNA extracts from the hepatoma and from rat and human placentas. A probe prepared from one of the rat oncomodulin cDNAs hybridized with a single DNA species in restriction digests of hepatoma and normal DNA from rat and sequences in DNA of humans and other mammals. A 38-nucleotide sequence spanning the 5'-untranslated region and the first seven codons of the oncomodulin cDNA, was far less homologous than was the same region of a parvalbumin cDNA, to a chicken calmodulin cDNA sequence coding for the first calcium-binding domain. The oncomodulin gene appears to have diverged more from that of calmodulin than has the parvalbumin gene.