小剂量环磷酰胺联合参一胶囊治疗进展期非小细胞肺癌

目的：应用小剂量环磷酰胺（CTX）联合参一胶囊治疗Ⅲ、Ⅳ期非小细胞肺癌,观察其临床疗效及毒副作用。方法：Ⅲ、Ⅳ期非小细胞肺癌患者经标准化、放疗后随机分为两组,治疗组（38例）：CFX 50mg每日一次、参一胶囊20mg日两次口服,三至六个月;对照组（34例）：化疗后不用任何药物治疗。结果：联合治疗组患者外周血血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）表达下降。T淋巴细胞亚群CD4＋及CD4＋／CD8＋升高,病人生存质量及生存期提高。结论：Ⅲ、Ⅳ期NSCLC患者化疗后联合应用小剂量CTX联合参一胶囊治疗是一种安全有效的治疗方法,可以提高患者的生存质量及生存期。     

替吉奥联合沙利度胺对老年晚期非小细胞肺癌患者血清TNF-α、VEGF和bFGF表达水平的影响

目的探讨替吉奥联合沙利度胺治疗老年晚期非小细胞肺癌的近期疗效及其对血清肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)、血管生成因子(VEGF)以及碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)水平的影响。方法将我院收治的91例老年晚期非小细胞肺癌患者随机分为两组,单药组45例口服替吉奥治疗,联合组46例加用沙利度胺治疗,治疗6周为1疗程,治疗2个疗程后观察两组患者治疗前后TNF-α、VEGF和bFGF水平变化以及Ⅲ、Ⅳ级毒副反应和2年内生存率。结果联合组近期疗效和2年生存率均高于单药组,血清TNF-α、VEGF和bFGF水平低于单药组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);两组患者的1年末生存率以及Ⅲ、Ⅳ级毒副反应比较,差异无明显统计学意义(P0.05)。结论替吉奥与沙利度胺联合使用可抑制肿瘤血管生成,对治疗老年晚期非小细胞肺癌的近期效果良好,且不增加化疗毒副反应,值得临床推广。     

沙利度胺治疗中晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床观察

目的:观察沙利度胺治疗中晚期非小细胞肺癌患者的预后情况.方法:沙利度胺治疗组选取30例中晚期非小细胞肺癌患者入组研究,给予沙利度胺联合PCDE方案治疗;同时选取37例中晚期非小细胞肺癌患者作为对照组,仅使用PCDE方案治疗,分析两组患者生存率的差异.结果:沙利度胺联合PCDE方案治疗组非小细胞肺癌患者的生存率明显高于PCDE方案治疗组患者(P<0.01).结论:采用沙利度胺联合PCDE方案治疗中晚期非小细胞肺癌,可以提高非小细胞肺癌患者的生存率,值得临床推广.     

微波消融联合全身化疗治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效对血清VEGF、id1蛋白浓度的影响

目的:探讨微波消融联合全身化疗治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者的临床疗效及对患者血清中血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、分化抑制因子-1(id1)蛋白浓度的影响。方法:选取2014年5月到2015年12月在我院接受治疗的晚期NSCLC患者50例,按随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组各25例,对照组给予全身化疗治疗,观察组给予微波消融联合全身化疗治疗。治疗后4周对两组的客观缓解率、临床受益率、并发症发生率进行对比,对比两组患者治疗前和治疗后4周血清中VEGF、id1蛋白浓度,对比两组患者的6个月生存率和1年生存率。结果:治疗后4周观察组客观缓解率高于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P0.05),观察组临床受益率显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后4周两组患者血清中VEGF、id1蛋白浓度较治疗前均显著降低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),两组的id1蛋白浓度比较无统计学意义(P0.05),观察组血清中VEGF浓度低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组患者治疗后并发症发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组1年生存率显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:微波消融联合全身化疗治疗晚期NSCLC患者,能有效提高患者临床受益率,更显著的降低血清中VEGF浓度,提升患者1年生存率,较单用全身化疗优势更为明显,值得临床推广应用。     

康莱特注射乳剂与联合放疗治疗非小细胞肺癌疗效、毒副反应的影响

目的:分析康莱特注射乳剂与联合放疗治疗非小细胞肺癌疗效、毒副反应的临床效果。方法:选取我院非小细胞肺癌患者60例,接受治疗的时间为2015年2月至2016年3月期间,随机分为两组(观察组和对照组),对照组采用康莱特注射乳剂治疗,观察组采用康莱特注射乳剂联合放疗治疗。结果:观察组非小细胞肺癌患者治疗后毒副反应发生率和总有效率显著优于对照组患者(P0.05)。结论:给予非小细胞肺癌患者康莱特注射乳剂与联合放疗治疗,不仅能提高治疗后的总有效率,还能降低毒副反应发生率。     

沙利度胺联合吉非替尼靶向治疗非小细胞肺癌的临床效果观察

目的:探讨沙利度胺联合吉非替尼靶向治疗非小细胞肺癌的临床效果。方法:选取2014年1月-2016年12月我院收治的非小细胞肺癌患者79例,按照治疗方法的不同分为对照组40例、观察组39例。对照组进行常规非小细胞肺癌治疗,观察组在手术前给予沙利度胺联合吉非替尼靶向治疗后行常规治疗。比较两组临床疗效,6个月、1年生存率,并记录观察组患者不良反应的发生情况。结果:观察组化疗的化疗缓解率(71.79%)显著高于对照组(52.50%)(P0.05)。观察组患者在治疗期间出现了不同程度的白细胞减少、、恶心呕吐、关节痛、脱发、肝功能损伤等不良反应,患者对以上症状均可耐受,给予对症治疗后均自行缓解。观察组患者6个月、1年生存率均显著高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:沙利度胺联合吉非替尼靶向治疗NSCLC患者的疗效较好,能显著提高患者生存率。     

自体CAPRI细胞联合化疗治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床疗效评价

目的:探讨自体CAPRI细胞联合化疗治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床疗效的临床疗效。方法:选择50例晚期非小细胞肺癌患者进行分析,随机分为实验组与对照组,分别是生物治疗联合化疗组和单纯化疗组,每组25例病人。比较生物治疗联合化疗组与单纯化疗对照组患者的生存率。进行生存分析。结果:联合治疗组的OS和PFS都高于对照组。结论:自体CAPRI细胞联合化疗能够延长晚期非小细胞肺癌患者的生存期,提高患者的生存率和生活质量。     

不同放化疗模式治疗中晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效分析

目的:探讨同步和序贯放疗联合不同化疗方案对治疗中晚期非小细胞肺癌近期疗效、远期生存及毒性反应的影响。方法:将45例III-IV期非小细胞肺癌患者随机归入两组,同步放化疗组22例;序贯放化疗组23例。全组病例依据病情分别选择艾素和顺铂、吉西他滨和顺铂、长春瑞滨和顺铂或培美曲塞和顺铂方案化疗。比较两组近期疗效、远期生存率及毒性反应。结果:同步组近期有效率为81.8%高于序贯组73.9%,但无统计学差异(P0.05);两组均有随放疗剂量增加有效率升高趋势。NP和TP方案两组近期疗效相近(P0.05)。同步组和序贯组1年生存率分别为90.9%和86.9%(P0.05);2年生存率分别为72.7%和52.2%(P0.05)。毒性反应主要为骨髓抑制、放射性食管炎和肺炎。同步组毒副反应发生率高于序贯组,但无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论:同步放化疗治疗中晚期非小细胞肺癌近期疗效及远期生存率有优于序贯放化疗的趋势,但毒副反应发生相对增多。联合治疗模式下,分期越早,患者远期生存时间越长。近期疗效有随放疗剂量增高而提高趋势,但放疗剂量、病理类型、化疗方案等对患者远期生存无明显统计学差异。     

艾迪注射液对老年肿瘤放化疗患者生活质量的影响

目的:观察艾迪注射液联合放化疗治疗老年肿瘤患者的临床疗效.方法:114例经病理学或细胞学检查确诊的老年肿瘤患者,随机分为观察组和对照组各57例,对照组使用单独放疗或化疗,观察组在对照组治疗的基础上加用艾迪注射液,比较两组的疗效和毒副反应.结果:观察组(放疗或化疗)的有效率和疾病控制率均显著高于对照组(P值均＜0.05);两组毒副反应总发生率比较无明显差别(P＞0.05);观察组Ⅲ～Ⅳ度毒副反应的发生率显著低于对照组(P＜0.05);观察组生活质量的总改善率为49.12％,显著高于对照组的21.05％(P＜0.05).结论:艾迪注射液可以提高老年肿瘤放化疗患者的近期疗效,改善患者的生活质量,减轻毒副反应,值得在临床推广.     

化疗联合高频热疗方案治疗非小细胞肺癌的疗效分析

目的探讨化疗联合高频热疗方案治疗非小细胞肺癌的临床治疗效果。方法将我院接受治疗的40例非小细胞肺癌患者按照随机数字表法平均分为两组,每组20例。对照组采用支气管动脉灌注化疗方案治疗,研究组在对照组基础上给予高频热疗方案治疗,观察比较两组患者的疗效、不良反应发生情况以及生活质量情况。结果研究组患者的治疗有效率、疾病控制率显著高于对照组,不良反应发生率低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。结论在非小细胞肺癌患者治疗中选择化疗联合高频热疗方案治疗的效果明显,能改善患者的生存质量。     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

Cause of Senescence of Nine Sorts of Flowers

The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.     

龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状

龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。     

真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学

本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.     

The effects of glutamine of the maintenance of embryogenic cultures of Cryptomeria japonica

Summary Embryogenic tissues of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) were induced on a modified Campbell and Durzan (CD) medium containing 1 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 600 mg l⁻¹ glutamine, and subcultured in the medium of the same composition for over 1 yr. This resulted in a mixed culture of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells. When embryogenic cells were isolated and cultured independently, their capacity to form embryogenic aggregates was lost. Thus, the non-embryogenic cells present within a mixed culture system were essential to the formation of embryogenic aggregates. When embryogenic tissues were isolated and cultured independently on a high glutamine-containing (2400 mg l⁻¹) medium, dry weights and endogenous levels of glutamine increased, and the tissue could generate a large number of embryogenic aggregates. Amino acid analysis of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells from the maintenance culture indicated a higher level of glutamine was present in the latter. The high endogenous level of glutamine in the non-embryogenic portion of mixed cell masses may be the supplier of glutamine for maintaining the embryogenic property of the tissues.     

Specificity of action of piperidylcholine derivatives as substrates of cholinesterases of various origin

The review deals with study of enzymologic properties of a novel highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate, N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium iodomethylate (“piperidylcholine”), and its 30 derivatives that were tested as effectors of cholinesterases of mammals and various species of Pacific squids. It was proven for the first time that responsible for specificity of action was structure of cyclic ammonium grouping of the alcohol part of molecule of the ester substrate. Analysis of specificity is performed based on enzymatic hydrolysis parameters—activity of catalytic center of cholinesterases and bimolecular constant of the reaction rate that are determined at optimal and low substrate concentrations. Among the specially synthesized group of thioester compounds there is revealed one more highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate—N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium.     

医疗机构合理用药评价模型的构建研究

目的 针对医疗机构的合理用药水平进行评价研究。方法 根据医疗机构合理用药的具体要求,构建医疗机构合理用药评价指标体系,采用基于模糊群决策的方法和多指标评价分析法构建医疗机构合理用药评价模型。结果 构建了基于模糊群决策的医疗机构合理用药评价模型,并通过实例分析证明了评价模型的可行性。结论 建立的基于模糊群决策的医疗机构合理用药评价模型能够对医疗机构的合理用药水平进行科学评价,为提高医疗机构合理用药水平奠定基础。     

Photoregulation of seed germination of wild-type and of an aurea-mutant of tomato

Seed germination of an aurea mutant of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is promoted by continuous irradiation with red, far-red or long-wavelength far-red (758 nm) light as well as by cyclic irradiations (5 min red or 5 min far-red/25 min darkness). Far-red light applied immediately after each red does not change the germination behaviour. Seed germination of the isogenic wild-type, cv. UC-105, is promoted by continuous and cyclic red light while it is inhibited by continuous and cyclic far-red light and by continious 758 nm irradiation. Far-red irradiation reverses almost completely the promoting effect of red light. The promoting effect (in the aurea mutant) and the inhibitory effect (in the wild-type) of continuous far-red light do not show photon fluence rate dependency above 20 nmol m⁻² s⁻¹. It is concluded that phytochrome controls tomato seed germination throgh low energy responses in both the wild type and the au mutant. The promoting effect of continuous and cyclic far-red light in the au mutant can be attributed to a greater sensitivity to P_fr.