关于学生学习自我监控能力培养策略的探讨

学习自我监控能力是指学习主体对其所从事的学习活动进行自我调节和控制的能力。文章对学习中的自我监控能力进行了界定,并对其在学习活动中的重要性及发展规律进行了分析,旨在探讨培养学生学习自我监控能力的策略,为提高学生素质、实现教育目标服务。     

幼师专业学生心理健康状况分析与对策

针对幼师专业学生心理健康展开分析,对学校开展心理健康教育提出优化校园环境、培养学生进行情感的自我疏导等建议,以提高幼师专业学生的心理健康水平。     

中职学生学业成绩影响因素分析 ———基于河南省的经验研究

中职教育发展正在从规模扩张为主向质量提升为主转型,对中职学生学业 成绩的影响因素进行分析有利于提高中职教育质量。本研究采用河南省１０９所中职 学校调研数据,以计算机专业学生的计算机专业成绩作为结果变量,在控制了学年初 基线成绩的基础上,运用多层模型方法分析了个体因素和学校因素对学生成绩的影 响。结果发现：学生个体及其家庭层面的差异可以解释学业成绩总变异的６７．９６％,学 校层面的差异可以解释３２．０４％。在学生个体及其家庭层面,学生的学业基础、准备参 加对口高考、毅力品质及其家庭关注度对学业成绩有正向显著性影响;在学校层面,学 校规模对学生成绩有正向显著影响,课后机房开放、课堂管理失范对学生成绩有负向 显著影响。     

浅谈高中生物教学中的情感教育

情感教育是教育过程的重要组成部分,通过在生物教学过程中对学生社会性情感品质的培养,发展他们的自我情感调控能力,激发和提高他们对生物学习的兴趣,使其充满信心,能更好地调动学生的内动力和学习的潜能,从而提高教育教学质量。     

对病毒性肝炎病人健康教育的做法与体会

健康教育是整体护理重要组成部分,是以病房为教学基地,以住院病人及其家属为教育对象,通过有计划,有目的的教育过程,使病人了解增进健康的知识,改变病人的健康行为,使病人的行为向有利于健康的方向发展的教育活动。目的是通过健康教育,提高病人和家属对病毒性肝炎的疾病知识掌握水平,提高病人自我护理、自我保健能力;通过健康教育,提高病人对护士的信任度,改善护患关系,减少医疗纠纷,同时也让护士感到知识的价值,使其不断学习充实自己,力争做个全科护士。自我科开展整体护理以来,针对不同病因、不同病人实施健康教育,收到较好的效果。现对健康教育的具体做法、效果和体会介绍如下。     

在“农业基础知识课”教学中的一点体会

通过对教育方針的学习和教学改革的实践对在农知教学中如何貫彻教育方針开始有了一点認識。我認为普通中学的农业知識课教学,其目的应該是使学生在已获得动、植物学知識的基础上,进一步掌握栽培植物飼养动物的基本知識和技能,为参加农业生产或升入高一級学校继续学习;作好准备,同时通过这門课程的教学要对学生进行社会主义思想教育,使学生認識到在党的领导之下,由于农民的冲天干劲,农业发展中所取得的輝煌成就和美好的远景。培养学生的劳动情感,劳动习慣和共产主义的劳动态度。使学生成为在学校是热爱劳动的学生出校后就成为有社会主义觉悟有文化的劳动者。     

加强基础、培养能力、提高素质、突出创新的学业评价方式——高职高专微生物技术及应用专业学业评价方式的改革

通过对高职高专微生物技术及应用专业学业评价方式改革,创建了一种加强基础、培养能力、提高素质、突出创新的学业评价方式,充分调动学生的学习积极性、主动性,激发学生的学习热情,使学生从"要我学"转化为"我要学"。     

渗透科学本质的生物学教学——以“酶的作用机理”一节的教学设计为例

以酶作用的"过渡态假说"为核心主线,通过基于材料的探究和基于实验的探究策略引发学生对"酶作用机理"一节的生物学科本质进行探索,并利用所学习的内容解决新情境下的问题。教学设计凸显新课程标准对培养核心素养的要求,尝试利用4级学业水平评价学生的学习成果。     

对病毒性肝炎病人健康教育的做法与体会

健康教育是整体护理重要组成部分,是以病房为教学基地,以住院病人及其家属为教育对象,通过有计划,有目的的教育过程,使病人了解增进健康的知识,改变病人的健康行为,使病人的行为向有利于健康的方向发展的教育活动。目的是通过健康教育,提高病人和家属对病毒性肝炎的疾病知识掌握水平,提高病人自我护理、自我保健能力;通过健康教育,提高病人对护士的信任度,改善护患关系,减少医疗纠纷,同时也让护士感到知识的价值,使其不断学习充实自己,力争做个全科护士。自我科开展整体护理以来,针对不同病因、不同病人实施健康教育,收到较好的效果。现对健…     

如何提高初中生物高效教学课堂

从生物学科着手,使学生明确进入学校受教育的目的与意义,使其产生内在的持久的学习动力,并身体力行传授做人成才之道,学习生存之理,将此思想实践于课内外的教学教育中,发挥生物学科优势,努力进行创新教育,使学生成为社会的栋梁人才,为构建和谐大家庭做贡献。     

The Relationships between Sleep-Wake Cycle and Academic Performance in Medical Students

Survey and laboratory studies suggest that several factors, such as social and academic demands, part-time jobs and irregular school schedules, affect the sleep-wake cycle of college students. In this study, we examined the sleep-wake pattern and the role played by academic schedules and individual characteristics on the sleep-wake cycle and academic performance. The subjects were 36 medical students (male = 21 and female = 15), mean age = 20.7 years, SD = 2.2. All students attended the same school schedule, from Monday to Friday. The volunteers answered a morningness-eveningness questionnaire, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and kept a sleep-wake diary for two weeks. The relationships between sleep-wake cycle, PSQI, chronotypes and academic performance were analyzed by a multiple regression technique. The results showed that 38.9% of the students had a poor sleep quality according to the PSQI. When the medical students were evening type or moderate evening type the PSQI showed a tendency of poor sleep. The multiple regression analysis showed a correlation between sleep onset, sleep irregularity and sleep length with academic performance. These results suggest that chronotypes influence the quality of the sleep-wake cycle and that irregularity of the sleep-wake cycle, as well as sleep deprivation (average length was 6:52), influence the learning of college students.     

The Relationships between Sleep-Wake Cycle and Academic Performance in Medical Students

Survey and laboratory studies suggest that several factors, such as social and academic demands, part-time jobs and irregular school schedules, affect the sleep-wake cycle of college students. In this study, we examined the sleep-wake pattern and the role played by academic schedules and individual characteristics on the sleep-wake cycle and academic performance. The subjects were 36 medical students (male = 21 and female = 15), mean age = 20.7 years, SD = 2.2. All students attended the same school schedule, from Monday to Friday. The volunteers answered a morningness-eveningness questionnaire, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and kept a sleep-wake diary for two weeks. The relationships between sleep-wake cycle, PSQI, chronotypes and academic performance were analyzed by a multiple regression technique. The results showed that 38.9% of the students had a poor sleep quality according to the PSQI. When the medical students were evening type or moderate evening type the PSQI showed a tendency of poor sleep. The multiple regression analysis showed a correlation between sleep onset, sleep irregularity and sleep length with academic performance. These results suggest that chronotypes influence the quality of the sleep-wake cycle and that irregularity of the sleep-wake cycle, as well as sleep deprivation (average length was 6:52), influence the learning of college students.     

学业不良大学生的人格特征分析

大学生学业不良主要是指由于焦虑等心理因素影响大学生学习潜力的发挥,造成学习效果不理想的状况,并且学习成绩未达到在读高校的既定标准。学习成绩结果具有暂时性、可逆性、具体性、社会性等特征。近年来,学业不良大学生的队伍不断扩大,学者们开始关注这个特殊群体。研究表明,学生的学习成绩与人格存在一定的相关。本文从学业不良的定义入手,分析了国内外对学业不良的研究现状,然后,着重对学业不良大学生的人格特征方面的研究进行综述,并提出一些相关建议。     

Some Observations on Attrition of Students from Canadian Medical Schools

Students who entered their freshman year for the first time in 1958 and in 1959, from all medical schools in Canada, and those entering the four Western schools in 1960 were studied from the time they matriculated until they either graduated or withdrew from medical school. The rate of attrition is about 15% of matriculants each year, with the lowest rate at the University of Western Ontario (1.7%) and the highest at the University of Ottawa (33.6%) over the time period studied. Attrition was classified as academic and non-academic. Significantly higher rates were found in the case of non-academic attrition for women and in the case of academic attrition for Commonwealth students. Significantly higher rates for both types of attrition were found for older students and students who had attended undergraduate colleges different from their medical school colleges. It would appear from available statistics that the factors which combine to produce attrition are the intellectual and personality characteristics of the student, school promotional policies and evaluation methods.     

Problematic Internet Use in high school students in Guangdong Province, China

Background

Problematic Internet Use (PIU) is a growing problem in Chinese adolescents. There are many risk factors for PIU, which are found at school and at home. This study was designed to investigate the prevalence of PIU and to investigate the potential risk factors for PIU among high school students in China.

Methodology/Principal Findings

A cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 14,296 high school students were surveyed in four cities in Guangdong province. Problematic Internet Use was assessed by the 20-item Young Internet Addiction Test (YIAT). Information was also collected on demographics, family and school-related factors and Internet usage patterns. Of the 14,296 students, 12,446 were Internet users. Of those, 12.2% (1,515) were identified as problematic Internet users (PIUs). Generalized mixed-model regression revealed that there was no gender difference between PIUs and non-PIUs. High study-related stress, having social friends, poor relations with teachers and students and conflictive family relationships were risk factors for PIU. Students who spent more time on-line were more likely to develop PIU. The habits of and purposes for Internet usage were diverse, influencing the susceptibility to PIU.

Conclusions/Significance

PIU is common among high school students, and risk factors are found at home and at school. Teachers and parents should pay close attention to these risk factors. Effective measures are needed to prevent the spread of this problem.     

Class start times, sleep, and academic performance in college: a path analysis

Path analysis was used to examine the relationship between class start times, sleep, circadian preference, and academic performance in college-aged adults. Consistent with observations in middle and high school students, college students with later class start times slept longer, experienced less daytime sleepiness, and were less likely to miss class. Chronotype was an important moderator of sleep schedules and daytime functioning; those with morning preference went to bed and woke up earlier and functioned better throughout the day. The benefits of taking later classes did not extend to academic performance, however; grades were somewhat lower in students with predominantly late class schedules. Furthermore, students taking later classes were at greater risk for increased alcohol consumption, and among all the factors affecting academic performance, alcohol misuse exerted the strongest effect. Thus, these results indicate that later class start times in college, while allowing for more sleep, also increase the likelihood of alcohol misuse, ultimately impeding academic success.     

Parents’ assessment of circadian preference in elementary school-aged children: Validity and relations to educational outcomes

Meta-analyses suggest that morning-oriented students obtain better school grades than evening-oriented students. This finding has generally been found for students in high school using self-report data for the assessment of circadian preference. Two studies (N = 2718/192) investigated whether these findings generalize across samples (i.e. elementary school-aged students) and methods (i.e. parent reports). These studies also explored whether the relation between circadian preference and school achievement could be explained within an expectancy-value framework. To this end, the Lark-Owl Chronotype Indicator (LOCI) was modified to obtain parents’ evaluations of their children’s circadian preference, while students completed a battery of assessments designed to explore the test-criterion evidence. Structural equation modeling and correlational analyses revealed: (1) morning and evening orientation were two separable factors of children’s circadian preference; (2) correlations with behavioral (e.g. sleep and eating times) and psychological (e.g. cognitive ability) data supported the test-criterion validity of both factors; (3) morning orientation was positively related to school achievement and (4) consistent with an expectancy-value framework this relation was mediated by children’s academic self-concept (ASC). These findings have important research and policy implications for considering circadian preference in the schooling of elementary students.     

Class Start Times,Sleep, and Academic Performance in College: A Path Analysis

Path analysis was used to examine the relationship between class start times, sleep, circadian preference, and academic performance in college-aged adults. Consistent with observations in middle and high school students, college students with later class start times slept longer, experienced less daytime sleepiness, and were less likely to miss class. Chronotype was an important moderator of sleep schedules and daytime functioning; those with morning preference went to bed and woke up earlier and functioned better throughout the day. The benefits of taking later classes did not extend to academic performance, however; grades were somewhat lower in students with predominantly late class schedules. Furthermore, students taking later classes were at greater risk for increased alcohol consumption, and among all the factors affecting academic performance, alcohol misuse exerted the strongest effect. Thus, these results indicate that later class start times in college, while allowing for more sleep, also increase the likelihood of alcohol misuse, ultimately impeding academic success. (Author correspondence: sonyper@stlawu.edu)