杨钟健与古脊椎所

今年(2007)6月1日,是杨钟健教授(1897—1979)110周年诞辰纪念,笔者是杨老“唯二”的研究生之一,近日想起了许多有关的往事,今择要记之,作为对他生辰的纪念!一、中国古脊椎动物学的奠基人杨是北京大学地质系毕业的,他的老师李四光教授“独具慧眼”,考虑到当时我国尚缺古脊椎动物     

纪念吴宪教授逝世二十周年

吴宪教授是一位卓越的生物化学家和营养学家,是我国生物化学和营养学教学和研究的主要创始人。论贡献,他在临床化学、免疫化学、蛋白质化学和营养学诸领域都是先驱,都有重要创建和著名论述。论治学,他毕生致力科学研究,孜孜不倦;治学严谨,一丝不苟;识见精邃,行文审慎,立论精湛。我等出其门下,感受尤深。值兹吴宪逝世二十周年之际,撰文纪念,聊表思慕,亦以昭告后人。     

中国植物学、生态学的主要奠基人和开拓者──纪念刘慎谔教授诞辰百周年

中国植物学、生态学的主要奠基人和开拓者纪念刘慎谔教授诞辰百周年王战傅沛云邓玉诚（中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,１１００１５）刘慎谔教授（１８９７．８．２６～１９７５．１１．２３）为山东牟平人,是我国植物分类学、地植物学、植物地理学、历史植物地理学及森...     

《石声汉教授纪念集》简介

石声汉教授是我国著名的植物生理学家和中国古农学家,“文革”中备受摧残,不幸于1971年6月28日因患胰腺癌去世,终年不到64岁。他所在的西北农业大学原拟在1987年开会纪念他的80寿辰,同时出一本纪念他的小册子;后来考虑需作更充分的准备,决定纪念会推迟到1992年举行。为使所收集的纪念文章早日问世,他的子女集资出版了一册《石声汉教授纪念集》,其中选载了评介石声汉教授的教学科研成就以及怀念     

中国动物学会关于征集学术论文的通知

会员同志们: 1994年是中国动物学会成立六十周年,又是中国动物学会创始人之一,曾任1943年和建国后第一任理事长、中国科学院学部委员、中国科学院动物研究所、动物学报主编陈桢教授诞生一百周年。为此,我们准备出版纪念论文集。纪念论文集拟出版两集,即庆祝中国动物学会成立六十周年论文集和陈桢教授诞生一百     

世界著名的地质学家,中国微体古生物学创始人李四光──纪念李四光教授诞辰105周年

世界著名的地质学家,中国微体古生物学创始人李四光──纪念李四光教授诞辰１０５周年原中国科学院古生物研究所副所长李扬今年１０月２６日是李四光诞辰１０５周年,也是他兼中国科学院古生物研究所首任所长４４周年。李四光对地学的杰出贡献是多方面的：创建了中国微体...     

贝时璋奖简介

<正>为纪念贝时璋院士创建中国生物物理学会30周年,以及他对我国科教事业做出的杰出贡献,中国生物物理学会自2009年起设立     

贝时璋奖简介

<正>为纪念贝时璋院士创建中国生物物理学会30周年,以及他对我国科教事业做出的杰出贡献,中国生物物理学会自2009年起设立贝时璋奖。     

科学道路上的脚印——地质古生物学家杨钟健的故事片断

明年1月15日是我国古脊椎动物学的开拓者和奠基者、卓越的地质古生物学家杨钟健教授逝世五周年,特载此文,以表纪念。来了两名主要教员,一位是葛利普,一位是李四光。葛利普先生是美国人,早年在北平地质调查所担任古生物     

世界著名的地质学家,中国微体古生物学创始人李四光──纪念李四光教授诞辰105周年

世界著名的地质学家，中国微体古生物学创始人李四光──纪念李四光教授诞辰１０５周年原中国科学院古生物研究所副所长李扬今年１０月２６日是李四光诞辰１０５周年，也是他兼中国科学院古生物研究所首任所长４４周年。李四光对地学的杰出贡献是多方面的：创建了中国微体...     

南京的鬼笔菌

作者于1928—1934年在南京工作时,曾对附近的鬼笔菌作了观察和采集。在春天,那时南京附近的田园、竹林里鬼笔菌是比较多的。这里发表的10种鬼笔菌是:(1)竹荪Dictyophora indusiata(Vent.ex Pers.)Fischer,(2)杂色竹荪Dictyophora multicolor Berk. et Br.,(3)双柱小林鬼笔Linderiella bicolumnata(Lloyd)Cunn.,(4)五棱散尾菌Lysurus mokusin(L. ex Pers.)Fr.,(5)蛇头菌Mutinus sp.,(6)桔红鬼笔Phallus aurantiacus Mont.,(7)白鬼笔Phallus impudicus L.ex Pers.,(8)深红鬼笔Phallus rubicundus(Bosc)Fr.,(9)格柄笼头菌Simblum clathroides Kawam.,(10)围篱状柄笼头菌Simblum periphragmoides KI.。除1个种外,作者对其余9个种的形态作了详细的描述,有些种还附有彩色图。对一些近似种和疑难种,又进行了比较和讨论。上述10种鬼笔菌分别隶属6个属,作者在文章的后面部分对其中Linderiella和Lysurus两个属有专门的讨论。     

Contribution of late Professor T. C. Tung to the experimental embryology of Amphioxus

Professor T. C. Tung (Fig. 1) was a prominent experimental embryologist in China. He was born in Jin County, Zhejiang Province, China in 1902. After he obtained his Bachelor's degree from the Department of Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai in 1927, he was appointed as a teaching assistant in that department until he moved to Belgium in 1930. He studied as a graduate student in Professors A. Brachet and A. M. Dalcq's laboratory at the Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium and obtained his Doctor of Science degree there in 1934. During that period, he made two short working visits to the Institute of Marine Biology in France and took one training course at Cambridge University (UK). In 1934, he was invited to return to China as a Full Professor to teach at several Chinese universities, (Shandong University in Qingdao, Shandong Province; the National University in Nanjing; and Fudan University in Shanghai). He spent 1 year at Yale University (USA) between 1948 and 1949 as an invited scientist in a joint research project and finally returned to China in 1949. He was Chairman of the Department of Zoology, Shandong University in Qingdao (1949-1952), Vice-President of Shandong University (1952-1960), Director of the Marine Biological Institute, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) in Qingdao (1949-1958), Director of the Institute of Oceanology (CAS) in Qingdao (1959-1966), Director of the Institute of Zoology (CAS) in Beijing (1960-1962), member of CAS since 1955, Vice-Chairman of the Biological and Geographical Division of CAS (1955-1958), Chairman of the Biological Division of CAS (1959-1979) and Vice-President of CAS in Beijing (1978-1979). In spite of his administrative duties, he spent most of his life conducting bench work in his laboratories at the Institutes of Oceanology and Zoology, CAS, respectively, until he passed away in March 1979. Professor Tung's main research interest was with classic experimental studies on the determination of the egg axis and symmetry planes of fertilized eggs, early differentiation and organizing substances of egg cytoplasm, induction between embryonic cells and cytoplasm in embryogenesis, immunological studies on nuclear transplanted eggs, and cell fusion etc., in several types of animals. He conducted his experiments on a number of invertebrates (ascidians and Amphioxus) and vertebrates (fish and amphibians) by means of very skillful microsurgical operations and the nuclear transplantation method. Among these topics, his studies on the organization and developmental potency of Amphioxus eggs were unique. His important contribution to this research field involved not only establishing a practical method for collecting and using this rare animal for experimental purposes, but also clarifying controversy about the nature and early development of its eggs. He also provided conclusive evidence to determine its evolutionary position between invertebrates and vertebrates. The present article briefly reviews the main results obtained by Professor Tung and his colleagues on Amphioxus. Although their original articles were written both in Chinese and English, many international readers may not even know those original works because they were only published in scientific journals inside China from the 1950s. Comments and discussion on the experimental results of Amphioxus research by Tung's group and those from other earlier authors are also included.     

怀念伍献文所长

1985年4月3日,我们敬爱的老所长、我国鱼类学和水生生物学的奠基人之一、著名的动物学家伍献文教授安详地离开了人世。伍献文教授的一生是为发展中华民族文化科学事业而奋斗的一生,他的历史业绩将永远为人们所缅怀。       

An interview with Dr. Zbigniew Darzynkiewicz on his highly cited paper published in Cell Cycle

Zbigniew Darzynkiewicz is the Director of the Brander Cancer Research Institute and Professor of Pathology and Medicine at the New York Medical College. He received his M.D. (with the highest honors) and Ph.D. degrees from the Medical University of Warsaw in Warsaw, Poland and completed post-graduate studies at the State University of New York at Buffalo and at the Medical Nobel Institute of Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden. His research is focused on the regulatory mechanisms associated with cell proliferation, apoptosis and sensitivity to anti-tumor drugs. He published over 550 original articles in peer-reviewed journals, over 100 chapters and reviews, authored/edited 12 books and holds 7 US patents. His publications were cited over 23,000 times and 79 of them have over 79 citations each, which ranks him at number 79 in Hirsch’s impact “h-index.”     

Urocystis tranzscheliana,a newly recorded smut fungus onPrimula sieboldii from Japan

A smut fungus onPrimula sieboldii was newly found in Japan and identified asUrocystis tranzscheliana by comparative morphology. This species causes systemic infection ofP. sieboldii and produces sori in its ovaries.Contribution No. 121, Laboratories of Plant Pathology and Mycology, Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Tsukuba.     

Cultural and physiological studies of phytophthora palmivora butl. Causing fruit rot of achras sapota L.

Summary The paper deals with some cultural and physiological studies of a strain ofPhytophthora palmivora Butler, causing fruit rot ofAchras sapota L. Among the various culture media studied, oat meal, corn meal, lima bean and rice meal agars were the best ones, with abundant growth and sporulation of the organism. Lactose, galactose, dextrin and glycogen were the best sources of carbon. Among the various nitrogenous compounds studied, ammonium phosphate (monobasic), ammonium sulphate, ammonium tartrate, ammonium lactate, asparagin, glycine and glutamic acid were the best ones utilized by the organism. A pH of 5.9 was found to be the optimum for the growth and sporulation.Part of Senior Author's M.Sc. (Agriculture) Thesis, University of Poona, IndiaRespectively, Ex-Junior Research Fellow in Mycology and Plant Pathology, I.C.A.R., New Delhi; Professor of Plant Pathology & Principal, College of Agriculture, Junagad (Gujarat); and Plant Pathologist, Wheat Rust Research Station, Mahabaleshwar (Poona), India.     

真菌地衣系统学开放研究实验室 学术委员会第二次会议 简讯

一九八五年四月二十一日至二十二日,我们从事真菌和地衣学研究和教学的十位同志参加了中国科学院召开的《真菌地衣系统学开放研究实验室》可行性论证会的评议.我们认真听取了微生物所申请建立该实验室的建设方案和有关课题的论证发言,并参观了微生物所真菌研究室、技术室、标本室及图书资料室.     

Bacterial rhodopsins: evolution of a mechanistic model for the ion pumps

Walther Stoeckenius received a MD degree at the University of Hamburg, Germany in 1950. After 18 months of clinical work as an intern, he began postdoctoral work on the development of pox viruses at the Institute for Tropical Medicine in Hamburg using mainly electron microscopy techniques. After two years he moved as Assistant Professor to the Department of Pathology at the University of Hamburg and became Docent for Pathology in 1958. In addition to teaching and routine pathology work, he continued to use electron microscopy to explore the fine structure of cells and developed an interpretation of the triple-layered appearance of membranes in electron micrographs in terms of molecular structure and the chemistry of osmium tetroxide fixation. In 1959 he obtained a position as Research Associate in Keith Porter's laboratory at Rockefeller University. This was changed after a few months to Assistant Professor and he stayed there, later as Associate Professor, for eight years. The work on membrane structure continued, and a model was developed that described the membrane as a lipid bilayer with embedded protein domains. In efforts to isolate such domains, the purple membrane and bacteriorhodopsin were discovered. In 1966, the lure of California became irresistible and Dr. Stoeckenius accepted a professorship at the University of California at San Francisco. The work on bacteriorhodopsin continued there with the emphasis changing from electron microscopy to spectroscopy and biochemical techniques. He is now Professor Emeritus there in the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics and the Cardiovascular Research Institute.     

A new rust species ofRoestelia onSorbus collected in China

A rust species ofRoestelia onSorbus collected in China is newly described asR. echinulata. This species is morphologically different from the otherRoestelia spp. and aecial stages ofGymnosporangium species in surface structures of aeciospores and peridial cells. Contribution No. 141, Laboratory of Plant Pathology and Mycology, Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Tsukuba.     

A rapid method for detecting fungi-toxic substances

A simple and rapid technique is reported for the preliminary screening of fungi-toxic extracts/samples by direct spotting onto silica gel plates and subsequent over-spraying with a fungal spore suspension. After incubation fungi-toxicity is indicated by a growth inhibition zone, the area of which is related to the concentration of the sample.B.K. Rana and V. Taneja are with the Department of Biochemistry. Faculty of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India; U.P. Singh is with the Department of Mycology and Plant Pathology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.