金黄色葡萄球菌arl双组分信号转导系统受体蛋白ArlS_(CA)的表达、纯化及活性研究

金黄色葡萄球菌是一类重要的病原菌,其毒力因子的表达及分泌过程由多种双组分信号转导系统(two component signal transduction system,TCSTS)共同调控,其中ArlRS双组分信号转导系统与细菌的生长和分裂密切相关。ArlRS双组份系统的信号传递通过组氨酸激酶ArlS磷酸化实现,ArlS的胞内域被认为是调控毒力因子表达的重要功能域,以ArlS蛋白的胞内域部分即ArlS_(CA)为目标蛋白进行相关的活性研究。首先,构建pProEX-HTa-arls和pProEX-HTa-arlr重组质粒,对目的蛋白进行诱导表达。其次,利用金属离子螯合层析、离子交换层析以及凝胶过滤层析方法对目的蛋白进行分离纯化,纯化后的ArlR蛋白纯度可达98%,产量约为25mg/L;纯化后的ArlS蛋白纯度可达90%,产量约为15mg/L。圆二色谱检测结果显示纯化后的目的蛋白有完整的二级结构,体外磷酸化结果显示,ArlS蛋白具有激酶活性,自磷酸化后可以将磷酸基团转移给反应调控蛋白ArlR。最后,利用定点突变的方法,构建了418位和420位氨基酸残基突变的表达载体pProEX-HTa-ArlS_(CAG418A)和pProEX-HTa-ArlS_(CAG420A)。ArlS_(CAG418A)和ArlS_(CAG420A)蛋白不具有激酶活性,说明418位和420位氨基酸残基在ArlS蛋白的自磷酸过程中起着关键作用。     

具核梭杆菌通过调节肠道代谢产物丁酸钠上调Cdk1促进结直肠癌发展

该文探讨了肠道微生物具核梭杆菌(Fusobacterium nucleatum,Fn)通过调节代谢产物丁酸钠(NaB)对结直肠癌(CRC)发生发展的影响及其分子机制。提取临床组织RNA和蛋白,RT-qPCR和Western blot检测肿瘤组织与正常/癌旁组织Cdk1的mRNA及蛋白表达,同时检测具核梭杆菌的mRNA的相对水平,并分析其与Cdk1的相关性。具核梭杆菌处理结直肠癌细胞24 h后检测周期相关蛋白Cdk1和P21的表达水平,核磁共振检测培养基上清差异代谢物。不同浓度差异代谢物NaB处理结直肠癌细胞DLD-1、SW480、HCT116,使用MTT和克隆形成实验检测DLD-1、SW480、HCT116增殖能力。流式细胞术检测NaB对结直肠癌细胞SW480周期阻滞位点,Western blot检测周期相关蛋白Cdk1、P21、C-myc的表达水平。流式细胞术检测NaB处理后结直肠癌细胞SW480凋亡率变化情况,Western blot检测凋亡相关蛋白Cleaved-Casepase3、Cleaved-PARP、Bcl-2的表达水平。采用MTT实验检测不同MOI具核梭杆菌作用结直肠癌细胞4、8、24 h后对其增殖能力的影响。将结直肠癌细胞与具核梭杆菌共培养24 h,Western blot检测相关蛋白Cdk1、c-myc、Cleaved-Caspase3的表达情况。结果显示,在肿瘤组织中Cdk1蛋白水平和mRNA水平均明显高于正常/癌旁组织(P0.05),并且Cdk1与具核梭杆菌mRNA表达水平存在一定相关性。具核梭杆菌处理结直肠癌细胞DLD-1和HCT116后,Western blot结果显示Cdk1和P21蛋白水平上升。核磁共振结果表明,菌处理组代谢模式与未处理组存在明显差异,主要代谢物NaB相对含量明显低于未处理组(P0.01)。使用1 mmol/L NaB处理结直肠癌细胞系DLD-1、SW480、HCT116 24 h后,细胞生存率分别为(89.18±1.92)%、(85.07±0.61)%、(83.59±2.18)%,且随着药物浓度升高,药物对细胞活性的抑制率逐步上升。同时,经1 mmol/L NaB处理后,DLD-1、HCT116和SW480细胞的克隆形成率相比于对照分别下降了(20.07±4.85)%、(36.47±5.31)%、(31.13±5.22)%。流式检测细胞周期显示,NaB引起结直肠癌细胞S期阻滞。NaB处理结直肠癌细胞24 h后,周期相关蛋白P21表达水平上升,Cdk1、C-myc蛋白表达水平下降(P0.05)。流式检测细胞凋亡显示,NaB引起结直肠癌细胞SW480凋亡增加。NaB处理结直肠癌细胞24 h后,凋亡相关蛋白Cleaved-Casepase3、Cleaved-PARP表达水平上升,抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2表达水平下降。MOI=50的具核梭杆菌分别处理结直肠癌细胞SW480、HCT116 4 h后,细胞增殖率分别增加了(4.45±0.25)%、(2.61±0.75)%;并且随着具核梭杆菌MOI的增加和处理时间的延长,结直肠癌细胞的增殖率逐渐上升。将SW480细胞与HCT116细胞与具核梭杆菌共培养24 h,Western blot结果显示,具核梭杆菌感染促进了周期相关蛋白Cdk1、C-myc的表达,而其与NaB共同处理时则大大减弱了这一作用;NaB诱导Caspase3的剪切,导致Cleaved-Caspase3表达增加,而具核梭杆菌感染则减弱了这一作用。综上所述,肠道微生物具核梭杆菌通过调节肠道代谢物NaB上调Cdk1,促进结直肠癌细胞增殖,抑制结直肠癌细胞凋亡,进而影响结直肠癌的发生发展。     

烟草乙烯受体类似物NTHK2全长基因的克隆及其激酶结构域生化特性

应用5＇-RACE方法克隆到烟草NTHK2的全长cDNA.其全长cDNA共有3 216bp,其中5'非编码区为509bp,3＇非编码区为427bp,编码区为2 280bp,编码产物为760个氨基酸.NTHK2氨基酸序列与植物中的许多杂合型的两组分乙烯受体基因有较高的同源性,具有推测的组氨酸激酶结构域和接受域;但是,在激酶结构域中没有保守的组氨酸,而是被一个天冬氨酸残基所替代.为了研究其生化特性,在酵母中以融合蛋白的形式表达了激酶结构域.体外激酶分析表明,当有Mg2+存在的情况下NTHK2能够自我磷酸化.进一步的研究应阐明NTHK2在植物体内是否能够作为乙烯受体,参与乙烯的信号传导过程.     

CRISPR/Cas9技术在水稻类受体激酶基因OsBAK1L突变体制备中的应用

植物类受体激酶在植物生长发育及响应外界环境信号刺激中具有重要作用,为了进一步研究水稻类受体激酶OsBAK1L的功能,我们利用CRISPR/Cas9技术对该基因进行定点编辑。OsBAK1L定位在细胞膜上且该基因预测编码蛋白包含三个功能结构域:胞外LRR结构域、跨膜结构域及胞内激酶域。为了进一步理解该蛋白不同结构域上的功能,我们分别在胞外LRR结构域(Target 1)和胞内激酶域(Target 2)上设计该基因定点编辑靶点。将合成的靶位点序列插入入门载体CH,然后与表达载体Cas9进行重组。重组载体通过农杆菌介导方法转入野生型水稻9522中,2个构建分别获得26棵和12棵潮霉素抗性植株。通过对转基因植株的测序分析,找到了3棵和2棵序列发生变化的杂合T_0代植株。T_0代杂合植株自交分离分别获得T_1代两靶位点处纯合子突变体,靶位点1处纯合子突变体株系缺失5个碱基,靶位点2处纯合子突变体株系插入1个碱基,均可造成该基因转录本翻译提前终止。该基因不同结构域上突变体的获得为进一步研究该基因功能提供了重要且稳定的遗传材料。     

具核梭杆菌促进结直肠癌发生发展机制研究进展

具核梭杆菌(Fusobacterium nucleatum)是一种人体共生菌,尤其富集于口腔,在特定情况下可导致机会感染。近年来,随着微生物群与健康或疾病相关性研究的深入,具核梭杆菌与结直肠癌(colorectal cancer, CRC)之间的关联性研究备受关注。大量临床研究表明,具核梭杆菌在CRC中更为富集,且进一步的动物研究证明具核梭杆菌能够通过多种机制促进CRC的发生发展以及肿瘤耐药。本文对具核梭杆菌与CRC的关联性以及其对CRC的发生发展机制进行综述。     

具核梭杆菌与结直肠癌关系的研究进展

结直肠癌(Colorectal cancer,CRC)是世界第三大癌症,涉及因素众多,而肠道菌群失调、菌群致病性与结直肠癌的发生、发展有着密不可分的关系。近期的研究发现具核梭杆菌(Fusobacterium nucleatum,F.nucleatum)与结直肠癌的发生存在显著的相关性。具核梭杆菌为革兰阴性厌氧菌,广泛存在于人体肠道中。分子机制研究发现,其能影响宿主细胞因子水平,促进血管生成、巨噬细胞M2极化和抑制机体免疫调节能力,进而增强肿瘤细胞增殖、侵袭及转移。本文就具核梭杆菌与结直肠癌相关机制研究进展作一综述。     

滇龙胆甲羟戊酸激酶基因的克隆与表达分析

甲羟戊酸激酶是甲羟戊酸途径的关键酶。根据滇龙胆转录组甲羟戊酸激酶基因Gr MK序列,设计一对基因特异性引物克隆该基因,并进行序列分析;构建原核表达载体p GEX-4T-1-Gr MK,转入大肠杆菌Rosetta(DE3),重组蛋白在37℃、1.0 mmol/L IPTG诱导下成功表达。生物信息学分析结果表明,Gr MK蛋白为甲羟戊酸激酶家族成员,具有MK蛋白保守结构域:乳糖激酶/高丝氨酸激酶/甲羟戊酸激酶/磷酸甲羟戊酸激酶(GHMP kinase)N端结构域、C端结构域和ATP结合结构域;Gr MK与长春花Cr MK亲缘关系最近.原核表达结果表明,融合蛋白相对分子质量与推断大小一致。组织特异性表达分析结果表明Gr MK基因主要在根中表达.这些结果为Gr MK蛋白结构和功能的研究奠定基础。     

促红细胞生成素产生肝细胞受体A2(EphA2)SAM结构域对激酶结构域的脂质体结合能力与激酶活性的调控研究

促红细胞生成素产生肝细胞受体(Eph receptor) 是受体酪氨酸激酶(RTK)家族中最大的亚家族,其介导的双向信号传导对细胞的形态、黏附、运动、增殖、生存及分化都有重要的调控作用。EphA2是Eph受体家族中一个被广泛研究的重要亚型,在白内障和乳腺癌等病理发生过程中发挥了重要作用。既往研究发现:EphA2受体的激酶结构域可结合细胞膜,其激酶活性受磷脂膜的调控,但是相邻的SAM结构域对激酶结构域与脂膜的相互作用以及激酶活性的影响尚不清楚。在此项研究中,通过与磷酸酶PTP1B1-301活性片段共表达的方式,表达、纯化了EphA2受体的胞内段激酶-SAM串联结构域,通过比较胞内段激酶-SAM串联结构域与单独激酶结构域的脂质体结合能力,以及测定对应的激酶活性,发现:EphA2受体胞内段的SAM结构域使其激酶结构域与脂质体(4 mg/mL)的结合能力增强约6倍(P＜0.001);磷酸化后的EphA2胞内段激酶-SAM串联结构域结合脂质体(4 mg/mL)的能力比非磷酸化的胞内段激酶-SAM串联结构域提高2.5倍(P＜0.05);而结合脂质体后,激酶结构域的激酶活性也被进一步提高,从而形成正反馈。综上所述,本研究的发现提示:EphA2胞内段的酪氨酸激酶结构域与相邻的SAM结构域可形成一个完整的结构功能单位,其激酶活性和脂质体结合能力与单独的激酶结构域相比都形成了明显的差异,我们的这一发现对进一步理解Eph受体家族其他亚型的激酶结构域的活性调控提供了参考与思路。     

核盘菌AROM蛋白的三级结构分析

核盘菌编码AROM蛋白的arom基因已经被克隆测序,本文根据该基因翻译的氨基酸序列用同源模建方法和从头模建方法分析了AROM蛋白各结构域的三级结构和功能位点,以及该蛋白二聚体可能的组装方式。结果表明,核盘菌AROM蛋白的脱氢奎尼酸合酶结构域进一步由N-端含有一个Rossmann折叠的α/β结构域和C-端的α螺旋结构域组成;5-烯醇丙酮酰莽草酸-3-磷酸合酶结构域则由两个相似结构域组成,每个结构域含有不同拷贝数的β折叠和α螺旋;莽草酸激酶结构域的N-端由三个β折叠组成;脱氢奎尼酸酶结构域为(α2β2)3多肽,在N-端有一对反平行的β链,在C-端有loop环;莽草酸脱氢酶结构域含有一个由α/β组成的催化结构域和一个含有Rossmann折叠的NADPH结合结构域。     

白介素-22与具核梭杆菌在结直肠癌发生发展中的协同作用

结直肠癌是威胁全球和我国公民健康的恶性肿瘤之一.近年来,越来越多的报道揭示了肠道微生物和免疫微环境在维持肠稳态中的重要作用;其中,具核梭杆菌介导的肠道微生态失调和免疫紊乱是近期研究热点之一.但是,少有研究关注肠道细菌和免疫炎症因子在致癌过程中的相互作用.本课题组发现,具核梭杆菌可以增高白介素-6(IL-6)和IL-22等免疫因子的表达,从而参与大肠癌的发生发展,且与大肠癌化疗疗效相关.IL-22和具核梭杆菌可能有协同促癌作用.     

Antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral activities of the lipophylic extracts of Pistacia vera

In the present study, antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral properties of 15 lipohylic extracts obtained from different parts (leaf, branch, stem, kernel, shell skins, seeds) of Pistacia vera were screened against both standard and the isolated strains of Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans and C. parapsilosis by microdilution method. Both Herpes simplex (DNA) and Parainfluenza viruses (RNA) were used for the determination of antiviral activity of the P. vera extracts by using Vero cell line. Ampicilline, ofloxocine, ketoconazole, fluconazole, acyclovir and oseltamivir were used as the control agents. The extracts showed little antibacterial activity between the range of 128-256 microg/ml concentrations whereas they had noticeable antifungal activity at the same concentrations. Kernel and seed extracts showed significant antiviral activity compared to the rest of the extracts as well as the controls.     

Piplartine, an amide alkaloid from Piper tuberculatum, presents anxiolytic and antidepressant effects in mice

In the present work, we studied the effects of piplartine (PIP), an amide alkaloid isolated from the roots of Piper tuberculatum (Piperaceae), in the elevated plus maze, open field, rota rod, pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizures, and forced swimming tests, in mice (Swiss, male, 25 g) to assess anxiolytic, sedative, muscle relaxant, anticonvulsant and antidepressant effects, respectively. Results showed that PIP (50 and 100 mg/kg, i.p.), similarly to diazepam, significantly increased not only the number of entrances (100% and 66%, respectively) but also the time of permanence in the open arms (104% and 199%, respectively), indicating that PIP presents an anxiolytic activity. Both effects were completely blocked by the previous administration of flumazenil what suggests the involvement of benzodiazepine type receptors. In the open field test, although PIP did not alter the number of crossings, it significantly increased grooming (103% and 119%) and rearing (60% and 23%), at the doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg respectively, as compared to controls. However, in the rota rod test, PIP was devoid of effect. Although in the PTZ-induced convulsion test, PIP did not alter the latency time for the onset of the first convulsion, as compared to controls, it significantly reduced in 58% and 60%, respectively, the animal's latency time to death. Furthermore, a significant and dose-dependent decrease in the immobility time, as evaluated by the forced swimming test, was observed after PIP administration (41% and 75% decrease, at the doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg, respectively), suggesting an antidepressant effect, similarly to that observed with imipramine, a classical antidepressant drug used as standard. In conclusion, we showed that PIP presents significant anxiolytic and antidepressant activities, making this drug potentially useful in anxiety and depression.     

Laetispicine, an amide alkaloid from Piper laetispicum, presents antidepressant and antinociceptive effects in mice

In the present work, we studied the effect of laetispicine, an amide alkaloid isolated from the stems of Piper laetispicum (Piperaceae), in forced swimming, open field, acetic acid writhing and formalin tests in KM mice to assess antidepressant and antinociceptive effects. A significant and dose-dependent decrease in the immobility time, as evaluated by the forced swimming test, was observed after laetispicine administration (38.18, 39.79, 58.77 and 67.28% decreased at the doses of 5, 10, 20, 40 mg/kg, respectively), suggesting an antidepressant effect. Furthermore, in the open field test, laetispicine at the given doses did not alter the number of crossings and rearing, as compared to controls. Results from writhing and formalin tests showed that laetispicine reduced the number of writhing in mice in a dose-dependent manner, attenuated the licking and spiting time of the injected paw in the first phase of formalin test. The antinociceptive effect of laetispicine was not affected by pre-treatment (i.p.) with naloxone (2 mg/kg). In conclusion, we showed that laetispicine possessed significant antidepressant and antinociceptive properties, making this drug potentially useful in depression and pain.     

喙尾琵琶甲肠道来源链霉菌(Streptomyces sp.)BPA71次级代谢产物的分离鉴定及其生物活性评价

【背景】昆虫是世界上种类最多、肠道菌群资源最丰富且多样的动物类群之一。昆虫肠道微生物具有产生活性次级代谢产物的能力,是活性天然产物的重要来源。【目的】研究药用昆虫喙尾琵琶甲(Blaps rynchopetera)成虫肠道来源链霉菌(Streptomyces sp.) BPA71的次级代谢产物及其生物活性。【方法】利用正相硅胶柱色谱、葡聚糖凝胶Sephadex LH-20柱色谱等方法分离纯化该菌株的发酵粗提物,采用牛津杯法进行抗菌活性追踪,确定抗菌活性部位,通过ESI-MS、NMR等波谱数据分析对化合物结构进行鉴定,采用微量肉汤稀释法测定最低抑菌浓度(minimal inhibitory concentration, MIC),采用MTS法测定抗肿瘤活性。【结果】从Streptomyces sp. BPA71的固体发酵提取物中共分离得到4个已知化合物,通过对比核磁数据确定为糠酸甲酯(1)、吡咯甲酰胺A (2)、吡咯甲酰胺B (3)和吲哚-3-乙酸甲酯(4)。抗菌活性结果显示化合物2具有广谱抗菌活性。此外,化合物2对宫颈癌细胞HeLa、肺癌细胞A549、肝癌细胞SMMC-7721、乳腺癌细胞MDA-MB-231和结肠癌细胞SW480这5株肿瘤细胞均有明显的抑制活性。【结论】喙尾琵琶甲肠道来源Streptomyces sp. BPA71可产生丰富的生物活性物质,该研究结果为进一步挖掘喙尾琵琶甲肠道链霉菌的活性天然产物奠定了基础,同时丰富了人们对喙尾琵琶甲肠道微生物的认识。     

毛咀地星的抗氧化、抗菌和抗肿瘤活性和化学成分研究

毛咀地星是一种药用蘑菇,为了进一步开发利用毛咀地星,该研究探讨了毛咀地星乙醇提取物的抗氧化、抗菌和抗肿瘤活性,并采用硅胶柱色谱、制备薄层色谱和重结晶等方法,对毛咀地星乙醇提取物进行分离纯化,研究了其化学成分。结果表明:毛咀地星乙醇提取物多酚含量为10.53μg·mg~(-1),DPPH和·OH自由基清除能力的IC50值分别为91.35和148.76μg·m L~(-1);乙醇提取物对金黄葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌和枯草芽抱杆菌均无抑制作用;乙醇提取物在浓度为1 mg·m L~(-1)时,对燕麦镰刀菌的抑制率为36.11%;乙醇提取物在浓度为200μg·m L~(-1)时,对BG-803、NCI-H502和MDA-MB-231肿瘤细胞的抑制率分别为18.87%、17.71%和41.23%。并从乙醇提取物中分离纯化到6个化合物,根据理化性质和波谱数据分析,化合物结构分别鉴定为5α,8α-过氧化麦角甾-6,9(11),22-三烯-3β-醇(1)、5α,8α-过氧化麦角甾-6,22-二烯-3β-醇(2)、D-阿拉伯糖醇(3)、L-谷氨酸(4)、麦芽糖(5)和蔗糖(6),以上化合物均为首次从该菌中分离得到。     

大血藤醇提物抗炎镇痛和止血活性研究初探

为观察大血藤醇提物抗炎、镇痛、止血活性,该文采用75%乙醇提取制备大血藤醇提物(AESC),利用HPLC法测定其绿原酸含量; KM鼠(或新西兰兔)在测定抗炎、镇痛、止血活性时随机分为空白对照组、阳性对照组(云南白药酊组)、AESC组,依次测定其抑制二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀度作用、痛阈值和兔肝脏局部创面损伤出血的记分分值,分别考察其抗炎、镇痛、止血作用。结果表明:AESC中绿原酸含量为(0.294±0.013 5)%;与空白组比较,剂量为0.700 g·kg~(-1)的AESC组能显著减轻二甲苯所致的小鼠耳肿胀度(P0.01),抑制率达26.3%;与空白组及给药前比较,剂量为1.40 g·kg~(-1)的AESC组均能显著提高小鼠痛阈值(P0.01);与空白组相比,剂量为1.40 g·kg~(-1)的AESC组能显著提高兔肝脏局部创面损伤出血的记分分值(P0.001)。大血藤醇提取物具有显著的抗炎、镇痛、止血作用,有望将其开发为抗炎、镇痛、止血制剂。该结果也为大血藤的临床应用提供理论依据。     

Expression, purification, and DNA-binding activity of the Herbaspirillum seropedicae RecX protein

The Herbaspirillum seropedicae RecX protein participates in the SOS response: a process in which the RecA protein plays a central role. The RecX protein of the H. seropedicae, fused to a His-tag sequence (RecX His-tagged), was over-expressed in Escherichia coli and purified by metal-affinity chromatography to yield a highly purified and active protein. DNA band-shift assays showed that the RecX His-tagged protein bound to both circular and linear double-stranded DNA and also to circular single-stranded DNA. The apparent affinity of RecX for DNA decreased in the presence of Mg(2+) ions. The ability of RecX to bind DNA may be relevant to its function in the SOS response.     

Feeding,reproductive and locomotor activities in diapausing and non-diapausing adults ofDrosophila

Feeding, reproductive and locomotor activities of fourDrosophila species were studied under short and long daylengths at 15°C. A short daylength induced firm reproductive diapause in experimental strains ofD. subauraria andD. triauraria from northern Japan, but very shallow diapause in those ofD. lutescens andD. rufa from southern Japan. A subtropical strain ofD. triauraria had no diapause. The influence of diapause on feeding activity was detected only in aged (> 12 day old) females; that is, the feeding activity was lower in diapausing females than in non-diapausing ones. Females that do not produce eggs would not require so much energy. On the other hand, young adults of the study species exhibited a high feeding activity and rapidly increased bodyweight irrespective of sex and the diapause state. They would need nutrition to build up their adult body. In males, the feeding activity decreased with age irrespective of the diapause state. Males would not require so much energy for reproductive activity. Diapausing males became heavier than non-diapausing males, perhaps because they accumulated triacylglycerols in fat bodies. However, female bodyweight did not differ by the diapause state, perhaps because diapausing females accumulated triacylglycerols and reproducing females had eggs in their ovaries. InD. triauraria, diapausing individuals exhibited somewhat lower locomotor activity than non-diapausing ones.     

盐度渐变与骤变对脊尾白虾渗透、代谢及免疫相关酶活力的影响

为探讨盐度变化对脊尾白虾(Exopalaemon carinicauda)渗透、代谢及免疫相关酶活力的影响,实验设置了盐度渐变和骤变两个实验。渐变实验,设置5、10、15、20、25、30、33(CK)、40和45共9个盐度梯度;骤变实验,盐度从33突变至0、5、15、25和45,检测血清ATP酶(包括Na+/K+-ATP酶和总ATP酶)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、酸性磷酸酶(ACP)及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力。结果表明,渐变情况下,盐度为5时,ATP酶活力出现最高值,然后随着盐度的升高表现出先降低后升高的趋势。总ATP酶活力在盐度为15—30之间较稳定,并在此范围内达到最低值。AKP和ACP活力几乎不受盐度渐变的影响。SOD活力随盐度的升高,先上升后下降,并在盐度为33时达到最大值。骤变情况下,ATP酶活力随时间波动较大,AKP和SOD随时间波动较小,而ACP几乎不受影响。结果说明,盐度骤变对脊尾白虾酶活力的影响较盐度渐变明显,ATPase和SOD活力更易随盐度而变化,代谢酶(AKP、ACP)受盐度变化的影响较小,说明渗透调节和免疫相关酶活力对盐度变化反应敏感,养殖过程中应尽量保持盐度稳定。     

Ribonuclease,deoxyribonuclease, and antiviral activity of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Escherichia coli</Emphasis>-expressed <Emphasis Type="Italic">Bougainvillea xbuttiana</Emphasis> antiviral protein 1

A full-length cDNA encoding ribosome-inactivating/antiviral protein from the leaves of Bougainvillea xbuttiana was recently isolated. The coding region of cDNA was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli, and the protein product was designated as BBAP1 (Bougainvillea xbuttiana antiviral protein 1). BBAP1 showed ribonuclease activity against Torula yeast RNA. It also exhibited depurination activity against supercoiled pBlueScript SK+ plasmid DNA in a concentration dependent manner, and was found to convert nicked circular DNA into linear form only at higher concentration. On bioassay, BBAP1 exhibited antiviral activity against sunnhemp rosette virus infecting Cyamopsis tetragonoloba leaves in which 95% inhibition of local lesion formation was observed.