甘南藏族自治州凹背蝗属一新种：直翅目：蝗总科：网翅蝗科

本文记述采自甘肃省甘南藏族自治州凹背蝗属１新种,甘肃背蝗Ｐｔｙｇｏｎｏｔｕｓｇａｎｓｕｅｎｓｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ。     

甘肃省凹背蝗属一新种（蝗总科：网翅蝗科）

本文记述采自甘肃省兴隆山地区凹背蝗属一新种,兴隆山凹背蝗Ｐｔｙｇｏｎｏｔｕｓｘｉｎｇｌｏｎｇ－ｓｈａｎｅｎｓｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．     

滇西斑腿蝗科的新属和新种记述（直翅目：蝗总科）

本文记述自云南省西部横断山地区斑腿蝗科一新属二新种,即清水蝗属Ｑｉｎｓｈｕｉａｃｒｉｓ,ｇｅｎ,ｎｏｖ。绿清水蝗Ｑｉｎｓｈｕｉａｃｒｉｓｖｉｒｄｉｓ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ。及突缘拟凹背蝗Ｐｓｅｕｄｏｐｔｙｇｏｎｏｔｕｓｐｒｏｍｉｎｅｍａｒｇ ｉｎｉｓ．ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ。模式标本保存在陕西师范大学动物研究所。     

湖南省蝗虫一新属新种（蝗总科：斑腿蝗科）

本文记述在湖南省武陵山地区斑腿蝗科的新属拟稻蝗属Ｏｘｙｏｉｄｅｓ ｇｅｎ．ｎｏｖ．和武陵山拟稻蝗新种Ｏｘｙｏｉｄｅｓ ｗｕｌｉｎｇｓｈａｎｅｎｓｉｓ．ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。     

南疆束颈蝗属二新种：蝗总科：斑翅蝗科

本文记述采自新疆南部地区束颈蝗属二新种,叶城束颈蝗Ｓｐｈｉｎｇｏｎｏｔｕｓｙｅｃｈｅｎｇｅｎｓｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．及塔克拉玛束颈蝗Ｓｐｈｉｎｇｏｎｏｔｕｓ ｔａｋｒａｍａｅｎｓｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．模式标本保存于陕西范大学动物研究所标本室。     

四川及重庆地区蝗虫的新属和新种：（直翅目：蝗总科：斑腿蝗科）

本文记述采自四川青城山及重庆缙云山蝗虫１新属２新种,即斑腿蝗科的降背蝗属Ｇｉｂｂｉｔｅｒｇｕｍ,ｇｅｎ．ｎｏｖ;青城山隆背蝗Ｇｉｂｂｉｔｅｒｇｕｍ ｑｉｎｇｃｈｅｎｇｓｈａｎｅｎｓｉｓ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．及红角腹露蝗Ｆｒｕｈｓｔｏｒｆｅｒｉｏｌａ ｒｕｂｉｃｏｒｎｉｓ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。模式标本保存于陕西师范大学动物研究所。     

东北地区蝗虫－新属及三新种（直翅目：蝗总科）

本文记述了采自东北地区蝗虫的一新属,拟蹦蝗属Ｓｉｎｏｐｏｄｉｓｍｏｉｄｅｓｇｅｎ．ｎｏｖ．及三新种,千山拟蹦蝗Ｓｉｎｏｐｏｄｉｓｍｏｉｄｅｓｑｉａｎｓｈａｎｅｎｓｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．、草绿拟蹦蝗Ｓｉｎｏｐｏｄｉｓｍｏｉｄｅｓｐｒａｓｉｎａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．和长白山玛蝗Ｍｉｒａｍｅｌｌａｃｈａｎｇｂａｉｓｈａｎｅｎｓｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。模式标本保存于陕西师范大学动物研究所。     

湖南省八面山自然保护区蝗虫二新种(直翅目:斑腿蝗科)

记述斑腿蝗科Ｃａｔａｎｔｏｐｉｄａｅ拟稻蝗属Ｏｘｙｏｉｄｅｓ Ｚｈｅｎｔ ｅｔ Ｆｕ,１９９４一新种,八面山拟稻．ｂａｍｉａｎｓｈａｎｅｎｓｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．和华蝗属Ｓｉｎａｃｒｉｓ Ｔｉｋｈａｍ,１９４０一新种,湖南华Ｓ．ｈｕｎａｎｅｎｓｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,标本采自湖南郴州八面山自然保护区。     

广西蝗虫新种记述：直翅目：斑腿蝗科

本文记述采自广西元宝山斑腿蝗科佯越蝗属、卵翅蝗属各１新种──尤氏佯越蝗Ｐａｒａｔｏｎｋｉｎａｃｒｉｓｙｏｕｉ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．及元宝山卵翅蝗Ｃａｒｙａｎｄａｙｕａｎｂａｏｓｈａｎｅｎｓｉｓ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．模式标本保存于广西科学院生物研究所标本室。     

四川省坳蝗属一新种：直翅目：蝗总科

本文记述采自四川省会理县网翅蝗科１新种──四川坳蝗Ａｕｌａｃｏｂｏｔｈｒｕｓｓｉｃｈｕａｎｅｎｓｉｓ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．模式标本保存于山西大学生命科学系。     

四川自贡大山铺蜀龙动物群——简报Ⅲ.蜥脚类

本文记述了中侏罗世蜥脚类一新属种——巴山酋龙(Datousaurus bashanensts gen. et sp. nov.)对李氏蜀龙(Shunosaurus lii)的特征进行了补充,讨论了它们在蜥脚类进化过程中的位置。     

长吻鮠精巢及精子结构的研究

长吻鮠精巢高度分支呈指状。后1/3紫红色,由上皮细胞组成,既不产生精子,也不贮存精子。精巢的内部结构为叶型,由体细胞和生殖细胞构成,小叶的基本单位是小囊。精子头短而圆,主要为核占据,无顶体,核凹窝十分发达,有中心粒帽;尾极长,具侧鳍,轴丝基部有发达的囊泡状结构和线粒体。     

菱臼齿兽((犭亚)目、哺乳纲)耳区的骨骼结构

本文详细描述了菱臼齿兽耳区各个部分的基本结构;并指出了耳区结构与某些啮齿类的相似性,以及中耳鼓泡组成成份与戈壁(犭亚)兽(Anagale gobiensis)的区别。     

短柄五加大,小孢子发生和雌,雄配子体发育的研究

短柄五加花药５枚,每个花药四个花粉囊。小孢子母细胞减数分裂时,胞质分裂为同时型,产生正四面体形的四分体。花药壁由表皮、药室内壁、中层和绒毡层四层细胞组成,其发育类型为双子叶型。腺质绒毡层,其细胞为二核。三细胞型花粉。子房５室,每室两个胚珠,上胚珠败育,下胚珠可育。下胚珠倒生,具单珠被,厚珠心。大孢子母细胞减数分裂形成线性排列的四个大孢子,雌配子体发育属蓼型。开花当天,花粉散开,雌配子体尚未成熟,处     

四川自贡发现合川马门溪龙新材料

记述了产自四川自贡上侏罗统的一具较完整的蜥脚类恐龙骨架 ,将其归入合川马门溪龙 (Mamenchisaurushochuanensis)中。新材料的发现弥补了合川种正型标本的不足 ,对合川种的特征作了重要补充 ,同时也使我们对马门溪龙的末端尾椎形态有了新的认识。     

象牙参种子的解剖学和组织化学研究

象牙参种子解剖学和组织化学的研究结果表明, 种子包括假种皮、种皮、外胚乳、内胚乳和胚。假种皮没有完全包被种子, 由约4~5 层薄壁细胞构成。种皮可以分为外种皮、中种皮和内种皮。外种皮由1 层表皮细胞构成, 细胞壁明显增厚;中种皮包括下皮层、半透明细胞层和3~4层细胞的色素层, 下皮层和色素层细胞均充满红棕色色素;内种皮由1 层体积小、壁局部增厚的砖形薄壁细胞构成。种子在珠孔端分化出珠孔领、孔盖和种阜状结构, 珠孔领为同形型, 孔盖不具石细胞硬层。合点区内种皮出现缺口, 缺口间充满合点区色素细胞, 其整体轮廓成新月形。外胚乳可分为厚区与薄区两部分, 外胚乳细胞壁平直, 细胞内充满淀粉。内胚乳细胞主要含蛋白质, 也有少量脂类物质, 细胞界限不清楚。胚棒状, 两端略膨大, 含大量脂类物质, 也含蛋白质和多糖。     

芒苞草形态学和胚胎学研究：Ⅱ.花药和胚珠发育的研究

芒苞草成熟胚珠为倒生型,薄珠心,双珠被。胎座为侧膜胎座向中轴胎座的过渡类型。胚囊发育为单孢蓼型。 成熟胚囊由印器,具二极核的中央细胞及三个反足细胞组成。助细胞呈倒梨形,极性不明显,珠孔端壁有角状的丝状器。中央细胞的二极核在受精前融合为次生核。 花药具二个小孢子囊,花药壁层为单子叶型,具分泌型绒毡层,小孢子母细胞减数分裂时,胞质分裂为连续型,四分体是左右对称式排列,成熟花粉粒为二细胞的。 在花药与胚珠发育过程中,多糖物质的消长是有规律的变化。     

茴香砂仁种子的解剖学和组织化学研究

茴香砂仁种子的假种皮膜质,由内、外表皮及其间的数层薄壁细胞构成,种皮黑褐色,由外种皮、中种皮和内种皮组成,外种皮为1层表皮细胞;中种皮由1层细胞的下皮层,1层细胞的半透明细胞层、3-4层薄壁细胞的中种皮薄壁细胞层和1层细胞的色素细胞层组成,内种皮由1层径向延长的细胞构成,内切向壁与部分径向壁非常增厚,种子珠区分化出珠孔领,孔盖和珠孔区薄壁细胞,合点区内种皮出现缺口,缺口间的合点区色素细胞群整体轮廓呈刺叭状,珠孔端的则为1层细胞,细胞内含蛋白质、多糖、脂类物质,胚含量脂类物质,还含有蛋白质与多糖。     

Karyotype Analysis of 5 Species of Polygonatum Mill.

The present paper reports the chromosome numbers and karyotypes of five species in Polygonatum from Anhui of China. The materials used in this work are listed in Table 1, Photomicrographs of somatic metaphase and karyograms of the five species of Polygonatum in Plate 1, 2, 3, the idiograms in Fig. 1-11 and a comparison of the karyotype of them is provided in Table 2. The results are shown as follows: 1. Polygonatum odoratum (Mill.)Druce Two materials were examined. One from Mt. Huangshan, Anhui, has 2n= 16 = 10m (3sc)+ 6sm (Plate 1 :A, B). The idiogram is shown in Fig. 1. The chromosomes range in length from 2.85 to 8.85 μm, with the total length 48.63μm and the ratio of the longest to the shortest 3.11, The karyotype belong to Stebbins’(1971) 2B. The two chromosomes of the first pair have arm ratios 1.01 and 1.29 respectively, and The first pair has one chromosome carrying a satellite attached to the short arm, showing heterozyosity .The chromosome num ber of 2n= 16 in P. odoratum and its karyotype are reported for the first time. The other from Langyashan, Chu - xian, Anhui, is found to have 2n = 18 = 10m (Isc)+2sm+6st(2sc) (Plate 1: C, D). The idiogram is shown in Fig. 2. The chromosomes range in length from 2.43 to 8.29μm, with the total length 46.67µm and the ratio of the longest to the shortest 3.41. The karyotype is also of 2B. In a somatic chromosome complement the 2nd pair have one chromosome carrying a satellite attached to the long arm, showing heterozygosity. 2. Polygonatum filipes Merr. Two materials were examined. One from the Huangshan, Anhui is found to have two cytotypes: 2n= 16 and 2n=22. This paper reports one of them. The karyotype formula is 2n=22=8m+8sm(2sc)+6st(Plate 3: Q, R). The idiogram is shown in Fig. 3. The chromosomes range in length from 2.55- 5.85μm, with the total length 45.01 μm and the ratio of the longest to the shortest 2.29. The karyotype belongs to 3B. The other material from the Fangchang, Anhui, is shown to have four cytitypes: 2n= 14, 2n= 16, 2n=20 (Plate 3: W) and 2n=22. This paper reports two of them. Type I: the karytype formula is 2n=14=10m+4sm (Plate 3: S, T). The idiogram is shown in Fig. 5. The chromosomes range in length from 2.59 to 7.61μm, the total length 37.44μm and the ratio of the longest to the shortest is 2.94. the karyotype belongs to 2B. Type II :The karyotype formula is 2n=16=8m+4sm+4st (Plate 3: U, V). The idiogram is shown in Fig. 4. The chromosomes range in length from 2.65 to 8.21 μm, the total length 46.01 μm and the ratio of the longest to the shortest 3.10. The karyotype belongs to 2B. The chromosome numbers of 2n=20, 2n= 14 and 2n=22, and karyotype of 2n= 14 and 2n=22 in P. filipes are reported for the first time. 3. Polygonatum cytonema Hua Two materials were examined. One from the Langyashan, Chuxian, anhui, is found to have 2n = 18 = 8m (2sc)+ 6sm+ 4st (Plate 2: K, L). The idiogram is shown in Fig. 7. The chromosomes range in length from 3.41 to 9.21 μm, the total length 56.34μm and the ratio of the longest to the shortest is 2.70. The karyotype belongs to 2B. The other material from the Huangshan, Anhui, has two cytotypes: 2n=20 and 2n= 22. Type I: The karyotype formula is 2n= 20= 8m+ 6sm+ 6st (Plate 2: M, N). The idiogram is shown in Fig. 8. The chromosomes range in length from 1.75 to 5.03μm, with the total length 32. 91μm and the ratio of the longest to the shortest 2. 87. The karyotype is also of 2B. Type II: The karyotype formula is 2n=22=6m+ 8sm+4st+ 4t (Plate 2: O, P ). The idiogram is Shown in Fig. 10. The chromosomes range in length from 1.75 to 4.95 μm, with total length 35.05μm and the ratio of the longest to the shortest 2.83. The karyotype brlongs to 3B. 4. Polygonatum desoulayi kom. The material from Xuancheng, Anhui, is found to have karyotype 2n = 22 = 10m (2sc) + 6sm (lsc) + 6st ( Plate 2. I, J). The idiogram is shown in Fig. 6. The chromosomes range in length from 1.86 to 5.61μm, with the total length 41.98μm and the ratio of the longest to the shortest 3.02. The karyotype is also of 3B. The first pair has one chromosome carrying a satellite attached to the long arm, showing heterozygosity. The chromosome number and karyotype of Chinese material are reported for the first time. 5. Polygonatum verticillatum (L.) All. The material from the Langyashan, Chuxian, Anhui is found to have two cytotypes. Type 1: the karyotype formula is 2n = 18 = 2m+ 2sm+ 10st+ 2t+ 2T (Plate 1: G, H). The idiogram is shown in Fig.9. The chromosomes range in length from 1.86 to 4.03μm, with total length 28.28μm and the ratio of the longest to the shortest 2.17. The karyotype classification belongs to 3B. Type II: The karyotype formula is 2n=24=6m+4sm+12st+2T (Plate 1: E, F). The idiogram is shown in Fig. II. The chromosomes range in length from 2.01 to 5.03μm, with total length 41.36μm and the ratio of longest to shortest 2.50. The karyotype is also of 3B. The chromosome numbers and karyotypes of Chinese material are reported for the first time.     

陕西秦岭半仓山蝎蛉的生物学观察

2004~2005年,在陕西省南部米仓山黎坪国家森林公园研究了秦岭蝎蛉Panorpa qinlingensisChouetRan的年生活史和生物学习性,通过饲养,成功获得卵、幼虫、蛹等虫态。结果表明,秦岭蝎蛉在米仓山1年发生2代,以预蛹在土室里越冬,5月中旬始见越冬代成虫,5月中旬末~6月上旬为越冬代成虫羽化盛期,7月下旬~8月中旬为第1代成虫羽化盛期,成虫在室内可存活35~60 d。羽化近1周后开始交尾,交尾4~8 d后开始产卵,单雌产卵量35~180粒,卵期5~9 d;幼虫型,共4龄,历期38~50d;蛹为强颚离蛹,蛹期8~18 d。记述了主要生物学习性。