乌司他丁联合前列地尔对急性胰腺炎的临床疗效及对血清TNF-α、IL-1β、HMGB1、HSP的影响

目的:探讨乌司他丁联合前列地尔治疗急性胰腺炎的临床疗效及对血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)、白细胞介素(Interleukin-1 beta,IL-1β)、高迁移率组蛋白1(HMGB1)、热休克蛋白(HSP)的影响。方法:选择72例我院收治的急性胰腺炎患者并将其随机平均分为观察组和对照组。对照组按照常规方法治疗,观察组在常规治疗方法上采用乌司他丁联合前列地尔加入葡萄糖注射治疗。比较两组患者临床症状及体征恢复时间、治疗前后血清TNF-α、IL-1β、HMGB1、HSP水平的变化及血淀粉酶水平的恢复情况。结果:治疗后,观察组的总有效率为97.2%,对照组的总有效率为69.7%,观察组显著高于对照组(P0.05);观察组多个体征恢复时间均明显短于对照组(P0.05);两组血清TNF-α、IL-1β、HMGB1、HSP水平均较治疗前明显下降,且观察组以上指标均显著低于对照组(P0.05);观察组血淀粉酶水平恢复率明显高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:乌司他丁联合前列地尔治疗急性胰腺炎能有效提高其临床疗效,显著缩短临床症状及体征恢复时间、血淀粉酶恢复时间,降低患者血清TNF-α、IL-1β、HMGB1、HSP水平。     

中西医结合治疗对急性缺血性脑卒中患者TNF-α,hs-CRP,IL-6和神经功能的影响

目的:研究中西医结合治疗对急性缺血性脑卒中患者血清肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)、高敏反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)和神经功能的影响。方法:选择2010年2月~2015年12月我院急性缺血性脑卒中患者81例,随机分为两组。对照组静脉滴注低分子右旋糖苷、丹红、胞磷胆碱,观察组联合口服益气活血、醒脑涤痰中药汤剂。分别在治疗前和治疗14 d后,检测血清TNF-α、hs-CRP、IL-6水平,并用美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)对神经功能进行评价。结果:观察组的有效率明显高于对照组(P0.05);两组治疗后TNF-α、hs-CRP和IL-6水平均明显降低(P0.05),且观察组明显更低(P0.05);两组治疗后NIHSS评分均明显降低(P0.05),且观察组明显更低(P0.05)。结论:中西医结合治疗能降低急性缺血性脑卒中患者TNF-α、hs-CRP、IL-6水平,明显改善患者神经功能。     

沙丁胺醇联合福多司坦治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病稳定期的疗效及对患者血清IL-6、TNF-α、hs-CRP水平的影响

目的:探讨沙丁胺醇联合福多司坦治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病稳定期的临床疗效及对患者血清白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、超敏c反应蛋白(hs-CRP)水平的影响。方法:选择2016年1月到2017年1月我院接诊的稳定期慢性阻塞性肺病患者100例作为研究对象,按照随机数表法分为观察组(n=51)和对照组(n=49)。对照组使用沙丁胺醇治疗,观察组采用沙丁胺醇联合福多司坦治疗。比较两组治疗后的疗效、治疗前后血清IL-6、TNF-α、hs-CRP、肺功能的变化及不良反应的发生情况。结果:治疗后,观察组临床疗效总有效率(94.12%)显著高于对照组(75.51%,P0.05)。两组患者治疗后血清IL-6、TNF-α、hs-CRP水平均治疗前均明显下降,且观察组患者血清IL-6、TNF-α、hs-CRP水平均明显低于对照组(P0.05);两组治疗后各第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)、用力肺活量(FVC)、最大呼气流量(PEF)较治疗前均显著升高(P0.05),且观察组FEV1、FVC、PEF均明显高于对照组(P0.05);两组患者不良反应总发生率分别19.61%、38.78%,观察组显著低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:沙丁胺醇联合福多司坦治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病稳定期的临床疗效和安全性均显著优于单用沙丁胺醇治疗,可能与其有效改善患者血清IL-6、TNF-α、hs-CRP水平有关。     

稳心颗粒联合普罗帕酮用于心律失常的疗效研究及对血清hs-CRP、TNF-α、IL-6与心功能的影响

目的:探讨稳心颗粒联合普罗帕酮治疗心律失常的临床疗效研究及对血清高敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α、白介素(IL)-6水平与心功能的影响。方法:选择2014年7月至2016年10月我院接诊的96例心律失常患者,通过随机数表法分为观察组(n=48)和对照组(n=48)。对照组给予普罗帕酮治疗,观察组在此基础上,联用稳心颗粒。治疗4周后,比较两组血清hs-CRP、TNF-α、IL-6水平、心功能、临床疗效以及不良反应的发生情况。结果:治疗后,观察组临床疗效总有效率明显高于对照组(P0.05);血清hs-CRP、TNF-α、IL-6水平均明显低于对照组(P0.05);观察组左室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、左室收缩末期内径(LVESD)显著低于对照组,左室射血分数(LVEF)明显高于对照组(P0.05);观察组不良反应发生率明显低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:稳心颗粒联合普罗帕酮治疗心律失常的效果显著,可有效改善患者心功能,安全性高,可能与其降低血清hs-CRP、TNF-α、IL-6表达有关。     

玻璃酸钠联合臭氧关节腔内注射对创伤性踝关节炎患者血清hs-CRP、IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α水平的影响

目的:探讨玻璃酸钠联合臭氧关节腔内注射对创伤性踝关节炎患者血清超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、白介素(IL)-1β、IL-6和肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α水平的影响。方法:选择2013年1月至2016年8月我院接诊的92例创伤性踝关节炎患者作为本次研究对象,通过随机数表法分为观察组(n=46)和对照组(n=46)。对照组在关节腔给注射玻璃酸钠治疗,观察组联合臭氧治疗,均1次/周,连续治疗5次。比较两组治疗前后视觉模拟评分法(VAS)、Mc Guire踝关节评分以及血清hs-CRP、IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α的变化及治疗后临床疗效优良率。结果:治疗前,两组VAS评分、Mc Guire踝关节评分、血清hs-CRP、IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α水平比较差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组VAS评分、Mc Guire踝关节评分均较治疗前显著改善(P0.05),且观察组VAS评分明显低于对照组,Mc Guire踝关节评分明显高于对照组(P0.05);两组血清hs-CRP、IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α水平较治疗前均显著降低(P0.05),且观察组血清hs-CRP、IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α比较均明显低于对照组(P0.05);观察组临床疗效优良率明显高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:关节腔内注射玻璃酸钠联合臭氧治疗创伤性踝关节炎患者的临床效果优于单用关节腔注射玻璃酸钠,可有效缓解疼痛,改善关节功能,可能与其有效降低血清hs-CRP、IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α水平有关。     

前列地尔联合硝酸异山梨酯对不稳定性心绞痛患者血清细胞因子及血液流变学的影响

目的:探讨前列地尔联合硝酸异山梨酯对不稳定性心绞痛(UAP)患者血清细胞因子及血液流变学的影响。方法:选取2015年3月-2016年12月期间我院收治的UAP患者86例为研究对象,按照治疗方式的不同分为对照组和实验组,每组各43例。对照组给予硝酸异山梨酯治疗,实验组在硝酸异山梨酯的基础上加用前列地尔治疗,两组均连续治疗14d。对比两组治疗前后血清细胞因子水平变化、血液流变学参数变化、临床疗效以及不良反应发生情况。结果:治疗后两组白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)水平均明显降低,白细胞介素-10(IL-10)水平明显升高(P0.05),且实验组IL-6、TNF-α、hs-CRP水平较对照组降低,IL-10水平较对照组升高(P0.05)。治疗后两组舒张功能指数(O/C)、总电机械收缩期(QA2)、总外周阻力(TPR)均降低,每搏做功(SW)、搏功指数(SWI)、心脏指数(CI)、主动脉血管顺应性(AC)均升高(P0.05),治疗后实验组O/C、QA2、TPR较对照组降低,SW、SWI、CI、AC较对照组升高(P0.05)。实验组总有效率为95.35%,高于对照组的81.40%(P0.05)。两组治疗期间不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:前列地尔联合硝酸异山梨酯治疗UAP患者具有较好的疗效,可以控制患者的炎症反应,改善患者的血液流变学,无严重不良反应发生,值得临床推广。     

雷公藤多苷联合孕三烯酮对子宫内膜异位症卵巢功能及血清IL-6，TNF-α，hs-CRP，VEGF及APN的影响

目的:研究雷公藤多苷联合孕三烯酮对子宫内膜异位症卵巢功能及血清白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、脂联素APN水平的影响。方法:选取2014年7月至2015年7月我院接诊的子宫内膜异位症患者80例并随机分为两组。对照组采用孕三烯酮进行治疗,观察组采用雷公藤多苷联合孕三烯酮进行治疗,观察两组患者治疗前后血清IL-6、TNF-α、hs-CRP、VEGF、APN、E2、FSH水平、TDS评分的变化并评价治疗疗效。结果:治疗后,观察组血清IL-6、TNF-α、hs-CRP、VEGF、E2、FSH水平及TDS评分均明显低于对照组(P0.05),血清APN水平及总有效率均明显高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:雷公藤多苷联合孕三烯酮能够有效改善子宫内膜异位症患者的卵巢功能,可能与其调节血清IL-6、TNF-α、hs-CRP、VEGF和APN水平有关。     

不同剂量阿托伐他汀对老年急性冠脉综合征患者经PCI术后血清炎症因子水平和内皮功能的影响

目的:探讨不同剂量阿托伐他汀对老年急性冠脉综合征患者经PCI(经皮冠状动脉介入治疗,percutaneous coronary intervention)术后血脂、血清炎症因子水平及血管内皮功能的影响。方法:选取2015年8月至2017年4月我院收治的老年急性冠脉综合征患者80例,依据随机数据表法分为观察组和对照组,每组40例。对照组给予小剂量阿托伐他汀(20 mg/d)治疗,观察组给予大剂量阿托伐他汀(40 mg/d)治疗。比较两组治疗前后总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、甘油三酯(triglyceride,TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low-density lipoprotein,LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high-density lipoprotein,HDL-C)、超敏C反应蛋白(hypersensitive C-reactive protein,hs-CRP)、白介素-6(interleukin-6,IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)、一氧化氮(nitric oxide,NO)及内皮素-1(endothelin-1,ET-1)水平的变化。结果:治疗前,两组血清TC、TG、LDL-C、HDL-C、hs-CRP、IL-6、TNF-α、NO及ET-1水平比较差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后,两组血清TC、TG、LDL-C、hs-CRP、IL-6、TNF-α及ET-1水平与本组治疗前相比均显著性降低,且观察组治疗后血清TC、TG、LDL-C、hs-CRP、IL-6、TNF-α及ET-1的水平均显著低于对照组(P0.05);两组血清HDL-C、NO水平与治疗前相比均显著性升高(P0.05),且观察组治疗后的血清HDL-C、NO水平显著高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:阿托伐他汀用于经PCI术治疗的老年ACS患者可显著减轻再灌注后的炎症反应,降低血脂水平并改善内皮功能,且大剂量阿托伐他汀的治疗效果明显优于小剂量治疗。     

厄贝沙坦对早期糖尿病肾病患者血清hs-CRP、TNF-α、ET及Hcy水平的影响

目的:探讨厄贝沙坦治疗对早期糖尿病肾病患者血清超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、内皮素(ET)及同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)水平的影响。方法:入选符合纳入标准的早期糖尿病肾病患者82例,按照随机抽签的方法分为对照组和观察组,每组各41例。对照组在指导患者饮食、合理运动的基础上给予降糖、降压治疗、改善贫血、保证酸碱平衡等,观察组在对照组基础上联合厄贝沙坦治疗。检测两组患者治疗前后血脂指标:甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C);肾功能各项指标:尿素氮(BUN)、血肌酐(SCr)、胱抑素-C(CysC)、24 h尿蛋白定量(24 h UP)以及血清超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、内皮素(ET)及同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)水平的变化。结果:治疗前,两组血脂指标、肾功能指标、血清hs-CRP、TNF-α、ET及Hcy水平比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。与治疗前相比,两组患者治疗后血清TC、TG、LDL-C、BUN、SCr、CysC、24h UP、hs-CRP、TNF-α、ET及Hcy水平均显著降低,且观察组以上指标均明显低于对照组(P0.05);而两组血清HDL-C均明显升高,且观察组显著高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:厄贝沙坦用于治疗早期糖尿病肾病可更有效改善患者血脂水平、降低血清hs-CRP、TNF-α、ET及Hcy水平,进而保护患者肾功能。     

依达拉奉联合醒脑静治疗急性脑出血

目的:探讨依达拉奉联合醒脑静治疗急性脑出血(Acute cerebral hemorrhage,ACH)对患者炎性因子、血管内皮功能及氧化应激水平的影响。方法:回顾性分析96例ACH患者,依据治疗方法将其分为对照组(n=46)和观察组(n=50)。对照组患者在常规治疗基础上给予依达拉奉治疗,观察组患者在对照组的基础上给予醒脑静治疗,两组患者均连续治疗14 d。比较两组的总有效率,NIHSS评分以及治疗前后的炎性因子(TNF-α、IL-6和hs-CRP)、血管内皮功能(NO和ET-1)及氧化应激(SOD和MDA)水平。结果:与对照组相比,观察组的总有效率显著升高,治疗后的NIHSS评分显著下降,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);与同组内治疗前相比治疗后两组患者的TNF-α、IL-6、hs-CRP、NO、ET-1和MDA水平均显著下降,且治疗后观察组各指标水平显著低于对照组治疗后(P0.05);两组的SOD较同组内治疗前均显著升高,且观察组水平显著高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:依达拉奉联合醒脑静治疗ACH,可有效改善患者的NIHSS评分、降低患者的炎性因子水平,改善血管内皮功能及氧化应激水平,临床疗效显著,具有一定的临床价值,值得推广。     

New amino-dithiaphospholanes and phosphoramidodithioites and their rhodium and iridium complexes

New sulfur derivatives of phosphoramidite ligands were synthesized and the impact of the sulfur unit on the spectroscopic properties of their rhodium and iridium complexes was investigated. The new ligands Bn₂NPSCH₂CH₂S^a(P-S^a) (Bn = benzyl, 4), Bn₂NPSCHCHS^a(CH₂)₃C^aH₂(P-S^a)(C^a-S^a) (6) and Bn₂NP(4-XC₆H₄OMe)₂ (X = S, 7a; X = O, 7b) were converted to the rhodium and iridium complexes trans-[Rh(CO)Cl(L)₂] (L = 4, 6, 7), [RhCl(COD)(L)] (L = 4, 6, 7), [IrCl(COD)(7a)] and [IrCl₂Cp∗(6)]. For comparison, some phosphoramidite complexes of these formulations also were synthesized. The new metal complexes were spectroscopically analyzed. For the carbonyl complexes, the ν_CO IR stretching frequencies were lower than for the corresponding phosphite and phosphoramidite ligands. The ¹J_PRh coupling constants for the rhodium complexes with the new ligands were also smaller than for the respective phosphoramidite and phosphite complexes. Finally, the ¹J_PSe coupling constants of the selenides of the new ligands were lower than those of the phosphoramidite ligands but higher than for PPh₃. The spectroscopic data reveal that the new thio ligands 4, 6 and 7a are more electron donating than phosphites and phosphoramidites but less electron donating than PPh₃.     

Astrocytes and Synaptosomes Transport and Metabolize Lactate and Acetate Differently

Astrocytes transport the monocarboxylate acetate, but synaptosomes do not. The reason for this is unknown, because both preparations express monocarboxylate transporters (MCT). The transport and metabolism of lactate, another monocarboxylate, was examined in these two preparations, and the results were compared to those for acetate. Lactate transport is more rapid in astrocytes than in synaptosomes, but of lower affinity (Kms of 17 and 4 mM, respectively). Lactate (0.2 mM) is metabolized to CO2 more rapidly in synaptosomes than in astrocytes (rates of 0.37 and 0.07 nmol x mg protein(-1) x min(-1), respectively). The reason for this is unclear, but cellular differences in lactate dehydrogenase isotype expression may be involved. Acetate is metabolized to CO2 more rapidly in astrocytes than in synaptosomes (rates of 0.43 and 0.02 nmol x mg protein(-1) x min(-1), respectively). This is likely due to cellular differences in the expression of monocarboxylate transporter subtypes.     

Rapporteur report: Basics and technology and metrology and standards

The first and second sessions of the Workshop focussed on the basics of ultrasound and infrasound, their applications in both industry and medicine, and metrology and protection standards for ultrasound applications.     

白蚁与动物及微生物的共生类型及其机制

综述了白蚁螱客的主要种类、共生关系及相关机制的研究进展。白蚁螱客中,已报道的动物种类达170种。在与动物的共生关系中存在偏利共生（宾主共栖和异种共栖）、互利共生和无关共生三种;在与微生物的共生关系中,存在与内生菌（原生动物、细菌、真菌和放线菌）和外生菌（蚁巢伞菌等）间的互利关系。指出了白蚁与螱客研究中存在的问题,给出了解决方案,并提出了今后可能的研究热点或方向,为白蚁的综合利用（如纤维素酶）及今后研究物种间的协同进化提供了基础资料。     

Relative and combined effects of ethanol and protein deficiency on strontium and barium bone content and fecal and urinary excretion

To elucidate accumulation of minerals in human iliac arteries with aging, the content of minerals was analyzed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. Bilateral common, internal, and external iliac arteries of 16 men and 8 women, ranging ages from 65 to 93 yr, were examined. It was found that an extremely high accumulation of calcium and phosphorus occurred in the common iliac artery at old age, being higher than that of the internal and external iliac arteries. It should be noted that the accumulation of calcium and phosphorus is the highest in the common iliac artery among the human arteries examined to date. Regarding sexual differences, the content of calcium and phosphorus in the common and internal iliac arteries was higher in women than in men, whereas their content in the external iliac artery was lower in women than in men.     

人血管能抑素基因的克隆、表达及其表达产物的纯化和生物活性测定

以人胎盘脐带组织为材料,提取组织总RNA,用netRTPCR方法合成人血管能抑素cDNA基因,将该cDNA克隆进pSP72载体获得重组质粒pSP72C, DNA序列分析结果与预期序列一致。用BamHⅠ和NdeⅠ双酶切,切下pSP72C上的血管能抑素cDNA,插入pET3c载体的相应位点获得重组表达质粒pETC, 转化E. coli BL21(DE3), SDSPAGE分析显示：在IPTG诱导下,血管能抑素基因获得了高效表达,表达量约占菌体总蛋白的 27.9 %,主要以包涵体形式存在。包涵体经过洗涤、裂解、蛋白复性以及Sephadex G75凝胶过滤层析等步骤后,获得了纯度达91.4 %的人血管能抑素。CAM实验证明10 μg纯化蛋白就能显著抑制鸡胚新生血管生成。     

Oxidation and nitration of ribonuclease and lysozyme by peroxynitrite and myeloperoxidase

In spite of the many studies on protein modifications by reactive species, knowledge about the products resulting from the oxidation of protein-aromatic residues, including protein-derived radicals and their stable products, remains limited. Here, we compared the oxidative modifications promoted by peroxynitrite and myeloperoxidase/hydrogen peroxide/nitrite in two model proteins, ribonuclease (6Tyr) and lysozyme (3Tyr/6Trp). The formation of protein-derived radicals and products was higher at pH 5.4 and 7.4 for myeloperoxidase and peroxynitrite, respectively. The main product was 3-nitro-Tyr for both proteins and oxidants. Lysozyme rendered similar yields of nitro-Trp, particularly when oxidized by peroxynitrite. Hydroxylated and dimerized products of Trp and Tyr were also produced, but in lower yields. Localization of the main modified residues indicates that peroxynitrite decomposes to radicals within the proteins behaving less specifically than myeloperoxidase. Nitrogen dioxide is emphasized as an important protein modifier.     

Prostaglandin and thromboxane production by human and guinea-pig macrophages and leucocytes

The ability of partially purified human and guinea-pig haematogenous cell populations, when cultured in vitro, to metabolise arachidonic acid (AA) has been studied. Supernatants from 24 hour cell culture have been subjected to analysis for products of AA metabolism by gas chromatography with electron-capture detection.The cell types studied were human peripheral blood monocytes (both glass adherent and non-adherent), neutrophils, eosinophils and leukemic leucocytes; thoracic duct lymphocytes and lung alveolar macrophages. From the guinea-pig, induced and non-induced macrophage or neutrophil enriched peritoneal exudate populations, lymph node cells, peritoneal eosinophils and peripheral blood platelets were examined. Supernatants were assayed for the presence of PGE₂, PGD₂, PGF_2α, TXB₂ and 6-keto-PGF_1α. In all types studied PGE₂ and TXB₂ were the major products formed. The identification of PGE₂ and TXB₂ was confirmed by GC/MS with multiple ion monitoring.The results have been compared with other reports and their possible significance discussed in relation to the proposed role of prostaglandins as mediators and modulators in immunopathology.