PP_(333)对怀地黄试管苗形态及生理特性的影响

研究PP333对怀地黄试管苗生长及一些生理指标的影响。通过单因子实验、比色法和愈创木酚法探讨PP333对试管苗的影响。结果表明,不同浓度PP333均促进试管苗芽的萌发,使根系粗壮,根数增加,低浓度PP333(0.01、0.05mg·L-1)促进试管苗茎的伸长生长,高浓度(0.1、2mg·L-1)抑制茎、叶生长,PP333浓度为2mg·L-1时壮苗效果最佳。PP333处理使试管苗生长中期叶片可溶性蛋白含量、POD活力提高。适宜浓度的PP333可以改变试管苗的生理特性,达到培育壮苗的目的。     

^3H—PP333在水稻体内的分布和降解（简报）

在水稻一叶一针期、拔节期、孕穗期和抽穗期分别喷施200mgL－1PP333,收获时,穗、茎叶根、谷壳和米粒中PP333含量都随着处理时期的推迟而增加。一叶一针期喷施PP33,谷壳和米粒的3H－PP333含量分别为64．3和439dPmg-1DW。PP333在水稻体内降解较快,拔节期处理后第74d,植株只滞留10％H－PP333,其中,茎叶8．2％,根12．1％。     

多效唑对大花高代组培苗生长的效应

以MS0、MS+PP3330.5mg·L-1、MS+PP3331mg·L-1和MS+PP3332mg·L-14种培养基研究多效唑(PP333)对大花高代组培苗生长影响的结果表明,PP333对大花高代组培苗有明显的矮化效应,在0.5￣2mg·L-1PP333范围内,浓度越高,植株越矮,节间越短,叶形指数越小。根据组培苗的真叶和根的发生动态、矮化和黄化程度综合考虑,认为MS+PP3331mg·L-1是较理想的矮化大花高代苗的培养基。     

多效唑(PP333)对美洲商陆毛状根生长和商陆皂苷甲产生的影响

为了探究植物生长调节剂多效唑(PP333)调控药用植物美洲商陆(Phytolacca americana)毛状根生长和次生代谢的可能性, 设计实验并探讨PP333对美洲商陆毛状根生长及其商陆皂苷甲含量的影响。结果表明, 与对照相比, PP333使毛状根根尖及侧根表面呈浅红色, 侧根变得短而粗, 且随着培养基内PP333浓度的升高, 根表面颜色加深。培养基中添加0.5-5.0 mg·L^-1 PP333能促进毛状根中商陆皂苷甲的产生, 其中以1.0 mg·L^-1 PP333的效果最好, 其商陆皂苷甲含量达6.22 mg·g^-1 DW, 约为对照的1.94倍。PP333能提高毛状根苯丙氨酸裂解酶(PAL)的活性, 并可能通过对PAL酶活性的调节来促进毛状根中商陆皂苷甲的产生。     

NAA与PP_(333)对茉莉新梢部分生理生化作用的影响

在茉莉开花前期分别使用不同浓度NAA(20、50、100mg/L)与PP333(100、300、500mg/L)溶液均匀喷施于植株茎、叶片等生长部位,研究其对茉莉开花的影响,分析测定植株新梢生长部位的可溶性蛋白质、游离氨基酸含量以及保护酶活性等生理生化指标。结果表明:NAA处理使新梢徒长;PP333处理的茉莉,花蕾盛开期比对照提早4d,浓度以300mg/L为宜,其产量比对照增加12.95%,明显提高花蕾产量。茉莉经PP333处理后,新梢可溶性蛋白质和游离氨基酸含量在整个花芽生长过程中趋于相对稳定,而NAA处理后则使可溶性蛋白质和游离氨基酸含量变化幅度大。NAA与PP333处理后新梢中POD活性在花芽生长过程中稍有下降,NAA处理高于对照,而SOD活性则有上升趋势。经NAA和PP333处理后,其效应各不相同,而适宜浓度的PP333处理可以提高茉莉花蕾产量。     

多效唑对盆栽菊花的生理效应（简报）

土施PP333显著抑制盆栽菊花的生长。在供试的四个品种中,紫玉松针和大紫球时PP333最敏感;其次为御郎仙菊;而春水绿波敏感性最差。经PP333处理后叶片中的还原糖、可溶性糖和淀粉的含量降低,矿质元素P,K,Ca,Mg,Mn,Cu,Fe,Al,Sr和Pb含量高于对照,而Zn则低于对照。     

多效唑和矮壮素对盆栽彩色马蹄莲的矮化实验

采用200～400 mg*L-1多效唑(PP333)和1 000～2 000 mg*L-1矮壮素(CCC)对处于生长中期的2个彩色马蹄莲(Zantedeschia antedeschia)盆栽品种进行矮化处理,结果显示彩色马蹄莲的株型明显矮化,茎杆增粗.统计分析表明:PP333处理的矮化效果较明显,其中以300 mg*L-1效果最佳,说明PP333对设施栽培条件下彩色马蹄莲的防徒长、抗倒伏的矮化处理有实用价值.     

多效唑提高水稻幼苗抗低温能力的机理初探

对植物生长延缓剂多效唑 ( PP333)影响水稻幼苗抗低温能力进行研究。结果表明 ,用PP333浸种后在水稻培养液中培养 1 0 d的幼苗 ,经 ( 4℃± 0 .5℃ )低温胁迫后 ,能有效地降低相对电导率 ,维持较高的 SOD活性 ,提高 CAT、POD活性 ,减缓 MDA的积累。PP333处理使低温下的水稻幼苗维持较高的游离脯氨酸含量 ,延缓幼苗生长 ,使幼苗生长健壮     

PP333对离体苹果苗的生长及其生理的影响

在生根培养基中加入0.5或2.0PPm PP333, 明显地减少了苹果离体新梢的鲜重和干重、叶片鲜重和叶面积,增加了比叶重、根的鲜重和干重及根梢鲜重和干重比,并促进了根的形成。PP333对单位叶重量的叶绿素含量没有影响,而增加了单位叶面积的叶绿素含量。经PP333处理后,叶片中的淀粉含量、过氧化物酶活性、蛋白质和游离氨基酸的含量均明显高于对照,可溶性糖与对照差异不明显。     

PP333与BA组合对怀地黄试管苗生长发育的影响

本文研究了PP333与BA组合对怀地黄(Rehmannia glutinosa)试管苗生长发育的影响。结果表明:(1)与对照相比, 不同浓度的PP333与0.5 mg.L-1 BA组合均严重地抑制试管苗根、茎和叶的生长, 表现为植株矮小, 生根晚, 前期根畸形生长(呈棒状或球状); (2)与单独使用0.5 mg.L-1 BA相比, 低浓度PP333(0.01和0.1 mg.L-1)与0.5 mg.L-1 BA组合促进茎的伸长和加粗; (3) 2 mg.L-1 PP333与 0.5 mg.L-1 BA组合能显著地提高愈伤组织芽的分化率和腋芽的萌发率, 有利于试管苗的快速繁殖。     

The effect of growth retardant application on floret site utilisation and assimilate distribution in ears of perennial ryegrass cv. S.24

Application of the growth retardant paclobutrazol (PP333), at 2 kg a.i. ha^-1 at spikelet initiation to plots of perennial ryegrass cv. S.24 in 1981 and 1982 significantly increased the number of seeds per spikelet present at final harvest by reducing the number of seeds aborted during seed development. Distribution of florets and seeds per spikelet was altered by PP333, as both basal and penultimate spikelets contained more florets and seeds than did those of untreated plants. Seed weight and germination were increased in florets of penultimate spikelets, although PP333 application delayed maturity by 3–5 days. In untreated plants, assimilate recovery was significantly lower from the terminal section of the ear, whereas in PP333 treated plants, no differences were found between basal, intermediate or terminal sections of the ear. PP333 increased assimilate demand at all sections of the ear when the ear and leaves were fed. The implications of this are discussed.     

Effect of pp333 on Stem Elongation and Leaf Anatomy of Peanut Plant

Pot-grown peanut plants (Arachis hypogaea L.) cv. Yue-You No. 551–116 at five-leaf-stage were treated with 0, 266 or 532 ppm growth retardant PP333 aqueous solution as a soildrench and liquid spray to the whole shoot, smeared on the stems or fully developed leaves. Forty days after treatment, growth rate of main stem and transpiratory rate were measured andthe ultrastructures of leaf and chloroplast were also observed under electron microscope. The results obtained are as follows: 1. PP333 resulted in reduction of stem elongation and dryweight of shoot, but there was no influence or even slight enhancement with the dry weight of root, thus, the root: stem ratio was increased. By applicating PP333, transpiratory rate was lessthan that of the control, but the water storage cells in treated leaves were significantly larger. These anatomical and physiological characteristics of treated plant are an advantage in tolerating the drought stress. 2. Compared with the control, PP333 caused the epidermal cellsize smaller and reduced the number of grana lamella and stroma lamella, so development of chloroplast was inhibited. 3. Significant retardation occurred when PP333 was applied to soilas compared with that applied to the shoot. Among shoot applications, the stem is more effective at reducing stem elongation than that to the leaf. Based on the results mentioned above, authors suggest that the most effective method of PP333. application for peanut is soil drench.     

Responses of ivy (Hedera helix L.) to combinations of gibberellic acid,paclobutrazol and abscisic acid

A reduction in concentration of gibberellins has been implicated in the phase change from juvenile to mature forms of ivy (Hedera helix L.). Attempts were made to increase the effective internal concentration of gibberellins by exogenous application of GA₃, and to decrease them by various applications of abscisic acid (ABA) and paclobutrazol (PP333), alone or in combination with GA₃. ABA and GA₃ were fed directly into the xylem of ivy plants by a wick system (a less drastic procedure than the defoliation or decapitation used by earlier workers) whereas PP333 was applied as a soil drench.Mature ivy responded to the application of GA₃ by reversion to the juvenile form, although this reversion was incomplete with respect to leaf lobing and red (anthocyanin) pigmentation and could occur spontaneously without the application of GA₃. Contrary to expectation, applications of ABA and PP333 caused the stimulation of growth in juvenile ivy. No adult characteristics were induced. As similar concentrations of ABA and PP333 produced severe retardation of growth (which could be alleviated by the application of GA₃) in other species, it is suggested that ivy may be an unsuitable model system for the investigation of phase change in woody plants.     

Influence of method of application of paclobutrazol on soil residues and growth retardation in a ‘Starkrimson-Delicious’ apple orchard

A 3-year field study was conducted to determine the influence of mode of application of the gibberellin-inhibitor paclobutrazol (PP333), [(2RS,3RS)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1,2,4 triazol-1-yl)pentan-3-ol], on PP333 soil residue levels and vegetative growth retardation of 10-year-old Starkrimson Delicious (Malus Domestica Borkh.) spur-type apple trees. Treatments were applied in March, 1986 and consisted of foliar or soil sprays (200 ppm, 7 × applications at petal fall (+) 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 weeks) or a single soil drench (8.2 g A.I./tree) applied to the collar at petal fall. Foliar sprays were applied with and without a plastic ground cover to evaluate the influence of foliar runoff on the degree of soil absorption and its subsequent effect on vegetative growth. PP333 was extracted over a 3 year period (1986–88) from 400 cm² soil patches located at the drip line of each tree, with the exception of soil drenches which were sampled near the collar. PP333 soil extracts were purified and quantitatively analyzed by HPLC. PP333 soil residue levels following foliar sprays were comparable to the soil spray treatment for each year and decreased at a rate of 50% per year from 1986–1988. Foliar sprays retarded terminal growth in the year of application, whereas the soil spray did not inhibit growth until the following year. PP333 residue levels were highest in the soil drench where growth retardation was evident in 1987 and 1988. The greatest carry-over effect occurred in the soil treatments, especially the soil drench application which resulted in the highest soil residue rates throughout the 3 year period.     

PP333对黄瓜幼苗素质及抗冷能力的影响

研究了ＰＰ３３３对黄瓜幼苗素质和抗冷能力的影响,结果显示ＰＰ３３３处理降低了幼苗高度和子叶面积,但却促进了根系生长、根冠比值和叶绿素含量显增加,明显表现壮苗效果。ＰＰ３３３能有效降低黄瓜幼苗在低温下的相对电导率,维持较高的ＳＯＤ活性和Ｖｃ、ＧＳＨ含量,因而提高了幼苗的抗冷能力。     

PP333对分蘖洋葱试管苗增殖和生根的影响

以MS 0.1 mg·L-1NAA 0.4 mg·L-1 6-BA为增殖培养基,1/2MS 1.5 mg·L-1IBA 0.01 mg·L-1NAA为生根培养基,添加不同浓度PP333的结果表明:增殖培养基中添加1.0 mg·L-1PP333对分蘖洋葱试管苗增殖生长有促进作用,减少超度含水态苗的发生;生根培养基中添加0.1 mg·L-1PP333对分蘖洋葱试管苗生根壮苗有良好效应.     

NAA、IBA和PP333对怀山药试管苗生长发育的影响

就不同生长调节剂对怀山药试管苗生长发育的影响进行了系统的研究。结果表明 :( 1 )NAA、IBA和PP3 3 3 均能诱导根的生成 ,但根形成的时间、发生方式及发达程度均不相同。低浓度的NAA( 0 .1～ 0 .5mg.L 1)有利于根的生成 ,但高浓度的NAA(≥ 2mg .L 1)则易形成愈伤组织 ,且随着浓度的升高 ,愈伤组织化程度变大 ,根多来源于愈伤组织 ;IBA( 0 .1～ 2mg .L 1)对根的生成较为有利 ,其中以IBA 1mg .L 1的生根效果较好 ;PP3 3 3 ( 0 1～ 8mg.L 1)有利于根的生成 ,根形成的最早、最多 ,且随着浓度的升高 ,根更加粗壮发达。 ( 2 )PP3 3 3 抑制试管苗的纵向伸长生长 ,使株高降低 ,但却显著地促进了根系的发育 ,使试管苗生长健壮 ,叶色浓绿 ,叶片增多。这种效应随着PP3 3 3 浓度的升高而加强。从培养壮苗的角度来看 ,PP3 3 3 ( 2～ 4mg.L 1)是最佳浓度