黄蜻幼虫肠道真菌QTYC-51的鉴定及其除草活性成分

【目的】鉴定黄蜻幼虫肠道中具有除草活性的真菌,并分析其除草活性成分。【方法】通过形态学观察和分子生物学5.8S r DNA-ITS序列分析,明确菌株QTYC-51的分类地位。结合培养皿生物分析法测定菌株发酵液和单体化合物的除草活性,采用色谱方法从该菌乙酸乙酯粗提物中分离活性成分,并利用质谱和核磁共振谱鉴定活性物质。【结果】菌株QTYC-51被鉴定为拟盾壳霉属菌(Paraconiothyrium sp.),其发酵液对稗草和反枝苋幼根生长有较好的抑制作用,抑制率分别为76.9%和56.5%。从QTYC-51发酵产物中分离到5个单体化合物,分别为1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone,1-hydroxy-10-methoxy-dibenz[b,e]oxepin-6,11-dione,hydroxyvertixanthone,globosuxanthone和1,3,6,8-tetrahydroxyanthraquinone。在供试浓度为100μg/m L时,化合物globosuxanthone对稗草和反枝苋幼根生长有明显的抑制作用,抑制率分别为94.1%和79.0%,与阳性对照2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸效果相当;化合物1-hydroxy-10-methoxy-dibenz[b,e]oxepin-6,11-dione具有较好的除草活性,对稗草和反枝苋幼根的生长抑制率分别为50.3%和58.6%。【结论】菌株QTYC-51具有开发为微生物源除草剂的潜能。     

植物病原真菌抑制杂草的活性筛选及菌株CY-H的活性代谢产物

【目的】分离并鉴定具有较好除草活性的植物病原真菌菌株,进一步分离活性化合物,为开发新型生物源除草剂奠定一定的基础。【方法】采用固体培养基接种法分离纯化植物病原真菌,通过形态学特征观察和5.8S rDNA测序鉴定目标菌株;在活性筛选追踪下,对活性组分进行追踪分离及纯化,经波谱分析确定活性单体化合物结构;采用培养皿生物分析法测定活性单体化合物的除草活性及对常见作物的安全性。【结果】茶叶致病菌CY-H具有较好的除草活性,其发酵液对稗草和反枝苋根的抑制率分别为94.6%和77.3%。CY-H被鉴定为间座壳属菌(Diaporthe sp.)。从CY-H菌中分离得到单体化合物CY1被鉴定为cytosporaphenones C。在供试浓度为100μg/mL时,CY1具有较好的抑制反枝苋根的活性,抑制率为57.1%,且其对小麦和油菜的安全性较好,抑制率均在20%左右。【结论】茶叶致病菌CY-H具有开发成微生物源除草剂的潜力。     

黄蜻幼虫肠道菌QTYC01除草活性代谢产物的分离和鉴定

【目的】从黄蜻幼虫肠道中分离出具有除草活性的真菌,并在其代谢产物中寻找具有除草活性的先导化合物。【方法】采用涂布平板法对黄蜻幼虫肠道共生真菌进行分离,通过形态学观察和5.8S r RNA序列分析初步确定目标菌株QTYC01的分类地位。利用离体的方法测定菌株发酵液及其乙酸乙酯提取物的除草活性以及粗提物对常见农作物的安全性;利用盆栽方法测定发酵液对稗草幼苗的活性。运用重结晶的方法对发酵产物进行分离、纯化,利用质谱和核磁共振谱分析鉴定出化合物的结构。【结果】菌株QTYC01被鉴定为Curvularia crepinii。离体活性测试发现QTYC01发酵液可显著抑制稗草和反枝苋幼根的生长,其抑制率分别可达95.0%和90.1%,并可使经喷施发酵液的稗草幼苗的受害率达到71.1%。发酵液的乙酸乙酯提取物对稗草和反枝苋幼根具有很好的抑制效果,在100μg/m L的浓度条件下,粗提物对稗草和反枝苋的抑制活性分别为56.8%和71.2%,且在该浓度条件下对一些常见农作物具有很好的安全性,其抑制率均低于32.6%。进一步从其乙酸乙酯提取物中分离得到化合物(5Z)-7-oxozeaenol,活性测试表明化合物具有较好的抑制反枝苋活性,其IC_(50)为4.8μg/m L。【结论】菌株QTYC01具有开发为新型微生物除草剂的潜力。     

解淀粉芽胞杆菌HR-2的分离鉴定及对水稻稻瘟病菌的拮抗效果

稻瘟病是一种严重威胁全球粮食安全的水稻真菌病害。本研究采用平板对峙法从湖南岳阳地区筛选出1株对水稻稻瘟病菌具有高效拮抗活性的菌株HR-2。通过形态特征验证、16S rRNA、gyrA和tuf基因序列比对分析,鉴定该菌株为解淀粉芽胞杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens)。抑菌广谱性测定结果表明菌株HR-2对水稻稻瘟病菌、油菜菌核病菌和番茄青枯病菌均有较强的拮抗效果,抑制率分别为82.34%、72.32%和72.64%。盆栽试验结果显示,菌株HR-210倍稀释液和100倍稀释液对水稻稻瘟病的防治效果分别达到63.81%和40.77%,其中HR-210倍稀释液的防效与50 mg/L嘧菌酯的防效相当。试验结果表明解淀粉芽胞杆菌菌株HR-2抑菌谱广,尤其对水稻稻瘟病具有显著的防治效果,可为抗稻瘟病生物防治药剂的开发奠定基础。     

一株拮抗稻瘟病菌细菌的筛选与鉴定

生防微生物是一种具有开发创新和环境友好的防控稻瘟病策略,旨在发掘高效生防微生物资源。于2014年从湖南桃江山区一季稻感病品种湘早籼24号的感稻瘟病稻丛的健康稻株中分离出817株菌株,采用平板对峙法,筛选出1株对稻瘟病菌具有高效抑制作用的拮抗细菌JN005,通过菌丝生长速率法测定其活体菌代谢产物对稻瘟病菌的抑菌率高达84%;并对另外5种植物病原真菌、4种植物病原细菌和大肠杆菌及金黄色葡萄球菌等11种菌作了抑菌谱测定。结果表明,JN005菌株对禾谷镰刀菌、水稻稻曲病菌有较好的抑制作用,其抑制率分别为70.1%和73.6%。通过形态学观察、生理生化测定及16S r DNA序列系统发育分析,将JN005菌株鉴定为枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)。     

黄蜻幼虫肠道分离菌QTYC38活性代谢产物的分离和鉴定

【目的】黄蜻幼虫肠道分离菌QTYC38菌株的鉴定及抗菌除草活性代谢物的研究。【方法】通过形态学观察及分子生物学ITS序列分析,对菌株QTYC38进行鉴定。利用生长速率法和琼脂扩散法测定菌株粗提物及其单体化合物的抗菌活性,结合培养皿生物分析法测定菌株粗提物及其单体化合物的除草活性。同时运用多种色谱方法分离发酵产物中的活性成分,并根据质谱和核磁共振谱数据确定其结构。【结果】菌株QTYC38被鉴定为浅黄新萨托菌Neosartorya aureola,在供试浓度为100μg/mL时,其粗提物对稗草和反枝苋的生长抑制活性较好,抑制率均大于65%;当供试浓度为30μg/滤纸片时,其对金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphyloccocus aureus)具有较好的抑菌活性,抑菌圈直径为22.7 mm,与阳性对照药(硫酸庆大霉素23.2 mm)活性相当。从该菌固体发酵产物中分离纯化得到4个单体化合物:helvolic acid(1),aromatic lactones(2),questin(3)和erogosterol(4)。其中,化合物1对枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)和金黄色葡萄球菌(S.aureus)均具有较好的生长抑制活性,最低抑菌浓度分别为3.1和1.5μg/mL;当供试浓度为100μg/mL时,化合物3和化合物4分别对杨树溃疡病菌(Dothiorella gregaria)和小麦赤霉病菌(Fusarium graminearum)具有较好的抑制效果,抑制率分别为52.4%和72.3%。【结论】菌株QTYC38具有开发为微生物源除草剂和新型杀菌剂的潜能。     

低磷营养胁迫下水稻化感抑草潜力的变化特性及其作用机理

在低磷(0.5 mg·L^-1) 营养胁迫下,运用生理生化方法分析了化感水稻PI312777（PI）与非化感水稻Lemont (Le) 对稗草抑制作用潜力的变化特性及其内在机理.结果表明,在低磷营养胁迫下,化感水稻品种PI对受体稗草根干重的抑制能力明显提高,在处理后的5 、10和15 d,其对稗草地下部干重的抑制率分别增加了5.64%、3.89%和12.13%,增加幅度比非化感水稻品种Le显著.生理生化分析结果表明,与正常营养条件相比,用低磷营养下生长的化感水稻PI的根系分泌物处理稗草5、10和15 d,受体稗草叶片中POD活性的促进率分别提高了20.19%、15.47%和6.68%,吲哚乙酸氧化酶活性的促进率分别提高了18.08%、17.71%和12.50%,硝酸还原酶活性的抑制率分别增加了13.89%、18.60%和2.10%. 在低磷营养胁迫下,化感水稻通过抑制受体植物的硝酸还原酶活性,影响其对氮营养的吸收,同时显著提高了吲哚乙酸氧化酶活性,减缓了受体稗草的生长速度,提高了其抑草作用潜力.     

内生黑曲霉JS-1对稻瘟病的拮抗作用研究

利用平板对峙法和牛津杯法,从疏花水柏枝、金银花、秋华柳的内生菌中,筛选出1株对稻瘟病菌具有很强抑制作用的菌株JS-1。经生理生化实验和18S rDNAITS序列分析,确定该菌株为黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger)。实验结果表明,JS-1发酵液作用稻瘟病菌后,稻瘟病菌的菌丝变细,分支减少,菌丝基质颜色变浅,作用72 h后干重显著降低。进一步实验表明,该菌产生的活性物质位于其发酵液的乙酸乙酯酯相部位,对稻瘟病病菌抑制率高达96.1%。大田实验数据（天然接种圃）显示,添加该物质后,丰两优4号（中感）和广陆矮4号（易感）叶瘟病情指数分别只有16.25%和32.48%,对稻瘟病的防治取得了很好的效果,说明该菌株具有开发成高效生物农药的巨大潜能。     

药用野生稻拮抗稻瘟病内生细菌的筛选、鉴定及发酵条件优化

【背景】稻瘟病是水稻的三大重要病害之一，每年对水稻生产都会造成较大的损失，生物防治稻瘟病已成防治该病害的重要手段，而目前鲜少有报道从药用野生稻中分离内生菌用以防治稻瘟病。【目的】从药用野生稻内生菌中挖掘对稻瘟病具有拮抗作用的微生物资源。【方法】采用分离法从勐遮药用野生稻中先分离出内生菌，再通过平板对峙法筛选对稻瘟病菌具有拮抗作用的菌株，通过形态学和16S rRNA基因序列分析对菌株进行鉴定，同时筛选该菌株的最适培养基、pH、培养温度和摇床转速。【结果】筛选得到拮抗菌株Z5，在LB培养基上对稻瘟病菌菌丝生长的抑制率达到96.43%，经形态学和16S rRNA基因序列分析，初步鉴定为短小芽孢杆菌(Bacillus pumilus)。在NYBD、CM、LB、NA和YSP这5种培养基中，菌株Z5的最适培养基为NYBD培养基、最适pH值为8.0-9.0、最适培养温度为35℃、最适摇床转速为250 r/min。【结论】短小芽孢杆菌Z5对稻瘟病菌的生长具有较好的抑制作用，且该菌株耐高温、较耐酸碱，作为稻瘟病生防制剂研发具有一定的价值。     

小桐子提取物除草活性的生物测定

为全面了解小桐子(Jatropha curcas L. )提取物的除草活性,以萝卜(Raphanus sativus L. )、苋(Amaranthus tricolor L. )、苏丹草[Sorghum sudanense (Piper) Stapf]和黑麦草(Lolium perenne L. )为实验材料,对小桐子果壳和枝叶的水、乙醇(体积分数95%)、正丁醇、乙酸乙酯、氯仿和石油醚粗提物的除草活性进行了生物测定,并从中筛选出抑制作用最强的水粗提物进行进一步的活性组分分离及其除草活性的生物测定.测定结果显示,小桐子果壳和枝叶的6种溶剂提取物(10 g·L~(-1))对供试的4种植物幼苗的根长和茎高均有不同程度的抑制作用,其中水粗提物和乙醇(体积分数95%)粗提物的抑制作用较强,且水粗提物对供试的4种植物幼苗的根长和茎高的抑制作用均在75%以上,显著高于其他溶剂粗提物(P<0.05);石油醚粗提物的抑制作用最小,均在10%以下.小桐子果壳和枝叶水粗提物的石油醚、氯仿、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇和水萃取物(10 g·L~(-1))对萝卜和苏丹草幼苗的根长和茎高均有不同程度的抑制作用,其中水、正丁醇和乙酸乙酯萃取物的抑制作用显著高于氯仿和石油醚萃取物,抑制率均在70%以上;水萃取物的抑制作用最强,抑制率均在80%以上;石油醚萃取物的抑制作用最小,抑制率均在10%以下.研究结果表明,小桐子果壳和枝叶的水粗提物具有一定的除草活性,其有效成分为极性较大的组分.     

Astragalar morphology of late Eocene anthropoids from the Fayum Depression (Egypt) and the origin of catarrhine primates

The phylogenetic relationships of the late Eocene anthropoids Catopithecus browni and Proteopithecus sylviae are currently a matter of debate, with opinion divided as to whether these taxa are stem or crown anthropoids. The phylogenetic position of Catopithecus is of particular interest, for, unlike the highly generalized genus Proteopithecus, this taxon shares apomorphic dental and postcranial features with more derived undoubted catarrhines that appear in the same region 1-2 Ma later. If these apomorphies are homologous and Catopithecus is a stem catarrhine, the unique combination of plesiomorphic and apomorphic features preserved in this anthropoid would have important implications for our understanding of the crown anthropoid morphotype and the pattern of morphological character transformations that occurred during the early phases of stem catarrhine evolution.Well-preserved astragali referrable to Proteopithecus, Catopithecus, and the undoubted early Oligocene stem catarrhine Aegyptopithecus have provided additional morphological evidence that allows us to further evaluate competing hypotheses of interrelationships among Eocene-Oligocene Afro-Arabian anthropoids. Qualitative observations and multivariate morphometric analyses reveal that the astragalar morphology of Proteopithecus is very similar to that of early Oligocene parapithecids and living and extinct small-bodied platyrrhines, and strengthens the hypothesis that the morphological pattern shared by these taxa is primitive within crown Anthropoidea. In contrast, Catopithecus departs markedly from the predicted crown anthropoid astragalar morphotype and shares a number of apomorphic features (e.g., deep cotylar fossa, laterally projecting fibular facet, trochlear asymmetry, mediolaterally wide astragalar head) with Aegyptopithecus and Miocene-Recent catarrhines. The evidence from the astragalus complements other independent data from the dentition, humerus and femur of Catopithecus that support this taxon's stem catarrhine status, and we continue to maintain that oligopithecines are stem catarrhines that constitute the sister group of a clade containing propliopithecines and Miocene-Recent catarrhines.     

中国异极衣科地衣二新记录种

该文综合运用形态学、解剖学和化学等方法对山东大型地衣进行分类研究,发现了两个中国新记录种,即德氏蜂窝衣(Heppia despreauxii)和多孢小极衣(Lichinella myriospora)。德氏蜂窝衣隶属于蜂窝衣属(Heppia),生于光线充足且裸露的土壤上,主要识别特征为下皮层缺失、子实层IKI+蓝色;多孢小极衣隶属于小极衣属(Lichinella),生于干燥的钙质岩石上,主要识别特征为其子实层IKI+酒红色变为蓝色。该文对这两个中国新记录种进行了详细描述,与近似物种进行了对比讨论,并且提供了其地衣体、子囊盘及其解剖特征图片。同时,该文还补充报道了白棋盘蜂窝衣(Heppia solorinoides)的有性繁殖结构特征和数据。蜂窝衣属和小极衣属均为山东新记录属。以上研究结果为中国异极衣科(Lichinaceae)地衣研究提供基础资料。     

藏药多刺绿绒蒿种子萌发特性研究

多刺绿绒蒿(Meconopsis horridula)为罂粟科绿绒蒿属一年生草本植物,是一种极具观赏价值和药用价值的高山植物,目前处于濒危状态,因此研究多刺绿绒蒿种子的萌发特性对其种子育苗及人工栽培具有重要意义。为了提高多刺绿绒蒿的种子发芽率,该研究以多刺绿绒蒿的种子为材料,分析了不同消毒剂、浸种时间、温度和外源植物激素对种子萌发特性的影响。结果表明:(1)最适消毒方法为75%乙醇1 min+3%H2O25 min,最适浸种时间为24 h,最适温度和光照条件为20℃/10℃(光照12 h/黑暗12 h),用无菌水浸种后的种子发芽率为49.67%。(2) GA_3100～600 mg·L~(-1)和NAA 5～30 mg·L~(-1)可以提高种子的发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数,缩短发芽启动时间和发芽持续时间,对种子的萌发有促进作用。(3) 6-BA 5 mg·L~(-1)和10 mg·L~(-1)对种子的萌发有一定的促进作用,但不显著,6-BA浓度≥15 mg·L~(-1)则抑制种子的萌发。(4)用GA3500 mg·L~(-1)浸种后的种子发芽指标最好,发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数分别为69.67%、33.00%、4.51,种子的发芽起始时间和发芽持续时间分别为10.67 d、11.67 d。     

scabrous Modifies Epithelial Cell Adhesion and Extends the Range of Lateral Signalling during Development of the Spaced Bristle Pattern in Drosophila

The role of scabrous (sca) in the evenly spaced bristle pattern of Drosophila is explored. Loss-of-function of sca results in development of an excess of bristles. Segregation of alternately spaced bristle precursors and epidermal cells from a group of equipotential cells relies on lateral inhibition mediated by Notch and Delta (Dl). In this process, presumptive bristle precursors inhibit the neural fate of neighbouring cells, causing them to adopt the epidermal fate. We show that Dl, a membrane-bound ligand for Notch, can inhibit adjacent cells, in direct contact with the precursor, in the absence of Sca. In contrast, inhibition of cells not adjacent to the precursor requires, in addition, Sca, a secreted molecule with a fibrinogen-related domain. Over-expression of Sca in a wild-type background, leads to increased spacing between bristles, suggesting that the range of signalling has been increased. scabrous acts nonautonomously, and we present evidence that, during bristle precursor segregation, Sca is required to maintain the normal adhesive properties of epithelial cells. The possible effects of such changes on the range of signalling are discussed. We also show that the sensory organ precursors extend numerous fine cytoplasmic extensions bearing Dl molecules, and speculate on a possible role for these structures during signalling.     

中国兰科二新记录种

兰科植物资源调查是掌握地区兰科本底资料的基础,对研究兰科植物的地理分布和资源多样性具有重要意义。该文报道了分别产自中国西藏自治区墨脱县和巴宜区的石豆兰属(Bulbophyllum Thou.)中国分布新记录种——尼泊尔大苞兰(B.raskotii J.J.Verm.,Schuit.&de Vogel)和曲唇兰属[Panisea(Lindl.)Steud.]中国分布新记录种——林芝曲唇兰(P.panchaseensis Subedi)。此二新记录种均生长在海拔约2000 m的常绿阔叶林中的树干或岩壁上。此外,还提供了二新记录种的形态特征描述和彩色图片等信息,并附有国产曲唇兰属的分种检索表。该研究结果扩充了我国兰科植物的记录,为我国兰科植物多样性和保护研究提供了新资料。     

Stratigraphy, artefact industries and hominid associations for Sterkfontein, member 5

A revised stratigraphy for the early hominid site of Sterkfontein (Gauteng Province, South Africa) reveals a complex distribution of infills in the main excavation area between 2.8 and 1.4 m.y.a, as well as deposits dating to the mid to late Pleistocene. New research now shows that the Member 4 australopithecine breccia (2.8-2.6 Ma) extends further west than was previously thought, while a late phase of Member 4 is recognized in a southern area. The artefact-bearing breccias were defined sedimentologically as Member 5, but one supposed part of these younger breccias, the StW 53 infill, lacks in situ stone tools, although it does appear to post-date 2.6 Ma when artefacts first appear in the archaeological record. The StW 53 hominid, previously referred to Homo habilis, is here argued to be Australopithecus. The first artefact-bearing breccia of Member 5 is the Oldowan Infill, estimated at 2-1.7 Ma. It occupies a restricted distribution in Member 5 east and contains an expedient, flake-based tool industry associated with a few fossils of Paranthropos robustus. An enlarged cave opening subsequently admitted one or more Early Acheulean infills associated in Member 5 west with Homo ergaster. The artefacts attest to a larger site accumulation between ca. 1.7 and 1.4 Ma, with more intensive use of quartzite over quartz and a subtle but important shift to large flakes and heavier-duty tools. The available information on palaeoenvironments is summarized, showing an overall change from tropical to sub-tropical gallery forest, forest fringe and woodland conditions in Member 4 to more open woodland and grassland habitats in the later units, but with suggestions of a wet localized topography in the Paranthropus -bearing Oldowan Infill.     

Essential amino acids of starch synthase IIa differentiate amylopectin structure and starch quality between <Emphasis Type="Italic">japonica</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">indica</Emphasis> rice varieties

Four amino acids were variable between the ‘active’ indica-type and ‘inactive’ japonica-type soluble starch synthase IIa (SSIIa) of rice plants; Glu-88 and Gly-604 in SSIIa of indica-cultivars IR36 and Kasalath were replaced by Asp-88 and Ser-604, respectively, in both japonica cultivars Nipponbare and Kinmaze SSIIa, whereas Val-737 and Leu-781 in indica SSIIa were replaced by Met-737 in cv. Nipponbare and Phe-781 in cv. Kinmaze SSIIa, respectively. The SSIIa gene fragments shuffling experiments revealed that Val-737 and Leu-781 are essential not only for the optimal SSIIa activity, but also for the capacity to synthesize indica-type amylopectin. Surprisingly, however, a combination of Phe-781 and Gly-604 could restore about 44% of the SSIIa activity provided that Val-737 was conserved. The introduction of the ‘active’ indica-type SSIIa gene enabled the japonica-type cv. Kinmaze to synthesize indica-type amylopectin. The starch in the transformed japonica rice plants exhibited gelatinization-resistant properties that are characteristic of indica-rice starch. Transformed lines expressing different levels of the IR36 SSIIa protein produced a variety of starches with amylopectin chain-length distribution patterns that correlated well with their onset temperatures of gelatinization. The present study confirmed that the SSIIa activity determines the type of amylopectin structure of rice starch to be either the typical indica-type or japonica-type, by playing a specific role in the synthesis of the long B₁ chains by elongating short A and B₁ chains, notwithstanding the presence of functional two additional SSII genes, a single SSI gene, two SSIII genes, and two SSIV genes in rice plants.     

不同光质对白及组培苗生长及光合特性的影响

白及的自然繁殖率极低,组培育苗是其种苗繁殖的主要方式之一。为探索提高白及组培育苗质量及缩短育苗周期的高效人工光环境,该文以紫花白及(Bletilla striata)为试验材料,研究LED光质对白及组培苗的生长和光合特性的影响。结果表明:提高红蓝光组合中的蓝光占比,有利于促进白及组培苗的生长和生物量的积累,而白及的球茎大小与红光的占比呈正相关;在红蓝组光合中增加25%的绿光(2R1B1G),可显著提高白及叶片的叶绿素含量和净光合速率,促进组培苗根系和叶片的生长。综上结果表明,2R1B1G处理下的白及组培苗株高、茎粗、叶绿素含量、净光合速率和根系发育均表现出最佳优势,2R1B1G处理的LED光谱可推荐作为白及组培育苗的光质配方。     

茉莉酸甲酯对广藿香JA信号转导途径及倍半萜合成途径关键基因表达的影响

分析外源性茉莉酸甲酯对广藿香JA信号转导途径关键基因JAZ2、MYC2、COI1及倍半萜合成途径关键基因PTS、FPPS、SQLE表达的影响,为深入研究茉莉酸甲酯调控广藿香JA信号转导途径及倍半萜合成途径的分子机制奠定基础。该文分别用0.10和0.25 mmol·L~(-1)的MeJA喷施广藿香叶片,于处理后的0、2、6、12、24、48、72 h摘取叶片,运用实时荧光定量PCR对JAZ2、MYC2、COI1、PTS、FPPS、SQLE基因的表达量进行检测。结果表明:0.10和0.25 mmol·L~(-1)的MeJA对广藿香JA信号转导途径JAZ2、MYC2、COI1及倍半萜合成途径PTS、FPPS、SQLE基因表达均有不同程度的促进作用,其中对JAZ2基因表达影响最显著。0.10mmol·L~(-1)MeJA溶液处理2 h时,JAZ2表达量上调13.52倍; 0.25 mmol·L~(-1)MeJA溶液处理48 h时,JAZ2表达量上调19.09倍。JA信号转导途径关键基因JAZ2与倍半萜合成途径关键基因FPPS存在极显著正相关关系。综上结果表明MeJA溶液可诱导广藿香JAZ2、MYC2、COI1、PTS、FPPS、SQLE基因的表达,且不同浓度MeJA对基因表达有着不一样的影响; JAZ2是JA信号转导途径里响应MeJA诱导的主要基因,其可激活倍半萜合成途径FPPS基因的协同表达,进而影响广藿香醇等倍半萜合成。     

多裂骆驼蓬叶片转录组分析

多裂骆驼蓬为西北荒漠地区常见植物,具有抗风固沙、防止水土流失、抑菌杀虫和抗肿瘤等功效。为了增加骆驼蓬属植物开发利用的强度,弥补其基因功能、代谢通路等分子生物学研究层面的空缺,该文利用Illumina高通量测序平台对多裂骆驼蓬叶片进行转录组测序,根据测序结果进行转录组数据拼接、功能注释、序列水平和表达水平等分析。结果表明:共获得7 723 653 900 bp核苷酸序列信息,拼接组装得到78 641条Unigene,预测出55 535条CDS序列。与多个数据库对比后,获得33 184个NR数据库注释信息;31 835个GO数据库注释信息; 17 206个KOG数据库Unigene功能分类信息; 7 617个KEGG数据库代谢通路注释信息。对单核苷酸多态性位点和微卫星信息进行检测分析,共发现86 113个SNP位点,6 987个SSR信息。该研究首次获得并分析了多裂骆驼蓬的转录组数据,通过基因比对、CDS预测、通路注释、SNP检测和SSR检测等方法,对该植物的基因、通路以及分子标记等方面有了初步的认识,为本种植物后续研究及资源的开发利用奠定了基础。