弥漫性轴索损伤患者血清MBP、IL-1β、IL-8及TNF-α水平的表达及临床意义

目的:探讨弥漫性轴索损伤(DAI)患者血清髓鞘碱性蛋白(MBP)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素-8(IL-8)及肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平的表达及临床意义。方法:选取2015年12月-2018年1月我院神经外科收治的DAI患者90例作为观察组,另选取在我院体检的健康志愿者30例作为对照组,并根据格拉斯哥昏迷评分(GCS)将观察组患者分为重度组(42例)、中度组(30例)、轻度组(18例)。对比观察组和对照组血清MBP、IL-1β、IL-8及TNF-α水平,比较观察组患者不同严重程度、伤后不同时间血清MBP、IL-1β、IL-8及TNF-α水平。结果:观察组患者血清中的MBP、IL-1β、IL-8及TNF-α水平显著高于对照组(P0.05)。重度组患者血清MBP、IL-1β、IL-8及TNF-α水平显著高于中度组和轻度组,且中度组显著高于轻度组(P0.05)。伤后不同时间观察组患者血清MBP、IL-1β、IL-8及TNF-α水平整体比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);其中MBP水平在伤后前期到伤后3d持续升高(P0.05);IL-1β、IL-8、TNF-α水平在伤后前期到伤后2d持续升高,在伤后3d呈下降趋势(P0.05)。结论:DAI患者血清MBP、IL-1β、IL-8及TNF-α水平偏高,临床通过检测这四种血清指标水平,有助于评估患者的病情。     

血清细胞因子与脑卒中后失眠的相关性研究

目的探讨血清细胞因子与脑卒中后失眠的相关性。方法选取我院2014年11月-2015年12月收治的70例脑卒中后失眠且中医辨证为心脾两虚型患者(观察组),同时选取同期脑卒中后非失眠患者70例(对照组)。比较两组患者血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)水平,并比较不同程度失眠患者血清TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β水平。结果观察组PSQI总评分(13.10±3.45)显著高于对照组的(4.23±2.35)(t=17.90,P0.05)。观察组患者IL-6、IL-1β水平均显著高于对照组,TNF-α显著低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(t=38.56,13.61,14.35,均P0.05)。不同程度睡眠障碍患者TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β水平比较,差异具有统计学意义(F=8.47,10.36,11.27,均P0.05),且随着睡眠障碍程度的增加,IL-6、IL-1β水平呈上升趋势,TNF-α水平呈下降的趋势。进一步相关性分析结果显示睡眠障碍程度与血清TNF-α水平呈负相关,r=-1.856(P0.05);IL-6、IL-1β水平呈正相关,r=0.720,0.745(均P0.05)。结论细胞因子TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β与卒中后失眠有显著相关性,在临床工作中对有上述血清细胞因子异常的脑卒中患者给予必要的干预有重要的临床意义。     

血清TGF-β1、BMP-7、IL-6及TNF-α与新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征的关系研究

目的:探讨新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征(NRDS)患儿血清中转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)、骨形态发生蛋白-7(BMP-7)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)的变化及与病情严重程度的相关性。方法:选取2017年2月至2019年2月在本院出生的75名NRDS早产儿,根据出生后12 h内是否接受肺表面活性物质(PS)治疗分为PS组(n=37)和非PS组(n=38),同期选择36例非NRDS早产儿作为对照组。比较出生后不同时间点各组早产儿血清四种细胞因子水平,Spearman相关性分析四种细胞因子与病情严重程度的相关性。结果:PS组患儿出生后0、1、3 d血清四种细胞因子均呈先升高后降低趋势(P0.05),血清TGF-β1、BMP-7水平在出生后1d和3d高于对照组(P0.05),血清IL-6、TNF-α始终高于对照组(P0.05);非PS组患儿出生后0、1、3、7 d血清TGF-β1、BMP-7、IL-6、TNF-α均持续升高(P0.05),且始终高于对照组(P0.05),血清TGF-β1、BMP-7水平在出生后3 d和7 d高于PS组,血清IL-6、TNF-α在出生后7 d高于PS组(P0.05)。IL-6、TNF-α水平随NRDS早产儿病情分级的提高而升高(P0.05),Spearman相关性分析结果显示,血清TNF-α、IL-6水平与病情严重程度呈正相关(均P0.05)。结论:NRDS早产儿血清TGF-β1、BMP-7、IL-6、TNF-α水平明显升高,经PS治疗后,NRDS早产儿炎性因子水平明显降低,检测IL-6、TNF-α水平有助于评估NRDS早产儿的病情。     

幽门螺旋杆菌感染与胃癌患者血清IL-32、IL-1β、TNF-α的关系研究

目的:探讨幽门螺旋杆菌(Hp)感染与胃癌患者血清白介素-32(IL-32)、白介素-1β(IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平的相关性。方法:分别选择151例胃癌患者(胃癌组)和100例健康者(对照组)作为研究对象,均采用14C尿素呼气试验检测Hp感染情况,记录Hp感染U值,根据检测结果将胃癌组分为Hp阳性组119例,Hp阴性组32例。采集所有研究对象空腹静脉血,采用酶联免疫吸附试验测定血清IL-32、IL-1β、TNF-α水平。比较胃癌组和对照组,Hp阴性组和阳性组之间血清IL-32、IL-1β、TNF-α水平、Hp感染U值的差异,Pearson相关性分析胃癌患者血清IL-32、IL-1β、TNF-α水平与Hp感染U值的相关性。结果:胃癌组患者血清IL-32、IL-1β、TNF-α水平以及Hp感染U值均高于对照组(P0.05),Hp阳性组血清IL-32、IL-1β、TNF-α水平以及Hp感染U值均高于Hp阴性组(P0.05)。胃癌患者血清IL-32、IL-1β、TNF-α水平均与Hp感染U值呈正相关(r=0.585、0.428、0.406,P0.05)。结论:胃癌患者Hp感染可引起血清IL-32、IL-1β、TNF-α水平升高,Hp感染、IL-32、IL-1β、TNF-α可能通过联合作用促进胃癌发生和进展。     

玻璃酸钠联合臭氧关节腔内注射对创伤性踝关节炎患者血清hs-CRP、IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α水平的影响

目的:探讨玻璃酸钠联合臭氧关节腔内注射对创伤性踝关节炎患者血清超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、白介素(IL)-1β、IL-6和肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α水平的影响。方法:选择2013年1月至2016年8月我院接诊的92例创伤性踝关节炎患者作为本次研究对象,通过随机数表法分为观察组(n=46)和对照组(n=46)。对照组在关节腔给注射玻璃酸钠治疗,观察组联合臭氧治疗,均1次/周,连续治疗5次。比较两组治疗前后视觉模拟评分法(VAS)、Mc Guire踝关节评分以及血清hs-CRP、IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α的变化及治疗后临床疗效优良率。结果:治疗前,两组VAS评分、Mc Guire踝关节评分、血清hs-CRP、IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α水平比较差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组VAS评分、Mc Guire踝关节评分均较治疗前显著改善(P0.05),且观察组VAS评分明显低于对照组,Mc Guire踝关节评分明显高于对照组(P0.05);两组血清hs-CRP、IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α水平较治疗前均显著降低(P0.05),且观察组血清hs-CRP、IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α比较均明显低于对照组(P0.05);观察组临床疗效优良率明显高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:关节腔内注射玻璃酸钠联合臭氧治疗创伤性踝关节炎患者的临床效果优于单用关节腔注射玻璃酸钠,可有效缓解疼痛,改善关节功能,可能与其有效降低血清hs-CRP、IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α水平有关。     

银杏达莫联合通痹胶囊治疗冠心病心绞痛的临床疗效及对血清IL-1β、TNF-α、ET-1、MMP-9水平的影响

目的:研究银杏达莫联合通痹胶囊治疗冠心病心绞痛的临床疗效及对血清白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、内皮素-1(ET-1)、基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)水平的影响。方法:选取2015年8月至2016年7月我院收治的84例冠心病心绞痛患者,根据患者入院顺序分为观察组和对照组,42例每组。对照组使用通痹胶囊完成治疗,观察组在此基础上联合银杏达莫完成治疗。比较两组患者临床疗效、心绞痛发作次数、持续时间、ST段下移程度、血清IL-1β、TNF-α、ET-1、MMP-9水平的变化。结果:治疗后,观察组临床总有效率显著高于对照组[92.86%(39/42)比66.67%(28/42)](P0.05);两组患者心绞痛发作次数、持续时间、ST段下移程度、血清IL-1β、TNF-α、ET-1、MMP-9水平均较治疗前显著降低(P0.05),且观察组以上指标均明显低于对照组(P0.05)。观察组和对照组的不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:银杏达莫联合通痹胶囊治疗冠心病心绞痛能有效改善患者临床症状并提高临床疗效,可能与其显著降低患者血清IL-1β、TNF-α、ET-1、MMP-9水平有关。     

雌激素和孕激素受体在粉刺性乳痈的表达及意义

目的:探讨粉刺性乳痈患者雌激素受体(ER)、孕激素受体(PR)的表达及临床意义。方法:选择我院2017年1月～2018年12月收治的80例粉刺性乳痈患者,采用免疫组化法检测其乳腺病变组织ER、PR的表达,酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测血清白介素-1β(interleukin-1β, IL-1β)、IL-6及肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α, TNF-α)水平,分析乳腺病变组织ER、PR的表达与血清IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α水平的相关性。结果:与普通乳腺炎组、乳腺导管扩张组比较,肉芽肿组、脓肿组血清IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α水平明显升高,与肉芽肿组比较,脓肿组血清IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α水平亦明显升高(P0.05)。普通乳腺炎组、乳腺导管扩张组血清IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α水平比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。普通乳腺炎组、乳腺导管扩张组、肉芽肿组、脓肿组ER、PR的表达水平依次降低(P0.05)。普通乳腺炎组、乳腺导管扩张组ER、PR的表达与血清IL-1β、IL-6水平均呈显著负相关,而与血清TNF-α水平无显著相关性(P0.05);肉芽肿组、脓肿组ER、PR表达与血清IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α水平均呈显著负相关(P0.05)。结论:粉刺性乳痈患者ER、PR呈低表达或失表达,且与炎症因子及病情严重程度具有良好相关性。     

经皮激光汽化术联合杜仲腰痛丸治疗腰椎间盘突出症的效果观察

目的:研究经皮激光汽化术联合杜仲腰痛丸治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床效果。方法:选择2016年4月~2018年4月我院脊柱骨科收治的106例腰椎间盘突出症患者,随机分为两组。对照组单独采用经皮激光汽化术治疗,观察组联合口服杜仲腰痛丸治疗,每次8粒,每天3次。比较两组的治疗有效率,治疗前后的VAS评分、JOA评分,血清白介素-1β(IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平的改变情况。结果:治疗后,观察组的治疗有效率为88.68%(47/53),明显高于对照组[73.58%(39/53)](P0.05)。两组治疗后的VAS评分值均较治疗前明显降低(P0.05),JOA评分值均较对照组明显升高(P0.05),且观察组VAS评分值明显低于对照组,JOA评分值显著高于对照组(P0.05)。两组治疗后的血清IL-1β、TNF-α水平均较治疗前明显降低(P0.05),且观察组血清IL-1β、TNF-α水平明显低于对照组(P0.05)。两组均未发生神经损伤和无椎间盘炎等并发症。结论:经皮激光汽化术联合杜仲腰痛丸治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床效果明显优于单独采用经皮激光汽化术治疗,其可以显著改善患者的生活质量,降低疼痛程度,其作用机制可能与有降低患者血清炎症介质IL-1β、TNF-α的表达有关。     

乌司他丁联合前列地尔对急性胰腺炎的临床疗效及对血清TNF-α、IL-1β、HMGB1、HSP的影响

目的:探讨乌司他丁联合前列地尔治疗急性胰腺炎的临床疗效及对血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)、白细胞介素(Interleukin-1 beta,IL-1β)、高迁移率组蛋白1(HMGB1)、热休克蛋白(HSP)的影响。方法:选择72例我院收治的急性胰腺炎患者并将其随机平均分为观察组和对照组。对照组按照常规方法治疗,观察组在常规治疗方法上采用乌司他丁联合前列地尔加入葡萄糖注射治疗。比较两组患者临床症状及体征恢复时间、治疗前后血清TNF-α、IL-1β、HMGB1、HSP水平的变化及血淀粉酶水平的恢复情况。结果:治疗后,观察组的总有效率为97.2%,对照组的总有效率为69.7%,观察组显著高于对照组(P0.05);观察组多个体征恢复时间均明显短于对照组(P0.05);两组血清TNF-α、IL-1β、HMGB1、HSP水平均较治疗前明显下降,且观察组以上指标均显著低于对照组(P0.05);观察组血淀粉酶水平恢复率明显高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:乌司他丁联合前列地尔治疗急性胰腺炎能有效提高其临床疗效,显著缩短临床症状及体征恢复时间、血淀粉酶恢复时间,降低患者血清TNF-α、IL-1β、HMGB1、HSP水平。     

过敏性紫癜患儿血清IL-21，TGF-β1，TNF-α及IgA1水平与紫癜性肾炎发生的相关性研究

目的:探讨过敏性紫癜患儿血清白细胞介素-21(IL-21)、转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、免疫球蛋白A1(IgA1)与紫癜性肾炎发生的相关性。方法:选择我院2015年11月~2016年5月收治的57例过敏性紫癜患儿,其中29例普通过敏性紫癜患儿,28例紫癜性肾炎,同期选择30例健康体检儿童作为对照组。观察并比较三组患儿血清IL-21,TGF-β1,TNF-α,IgA1,免疫球蛋白A(IgA),补体C3及C4水平。结果:过敏性紫癜肾炎组IL-21,TGF-β1,TNF-α,IgA1及IgA高于普通过敏性紫癜组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);普通过敏性紫癜组IL-21,TGF-β1,TNF-α,IgA1及IgA高于对照组(P0.05);过敏性紫癜组IL-21,TGF-β1,TNF-α,IgA1及IgA高于对照组(P0.05)。三组患儿补体C3及C4比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:IL-21,TGF-β1,TNF-α及IgA1均参与过敏性紫癜及紫癜性肾炎的发生及发展过程。     

Antibiotics in the treatment of wounds in the victims of the earthquake in the Armenian SSR

Purulent wounds in 88 victims of the Armenian earthquake with the syndrome of long-term squeezing were examined microbiologically and the experience with using antimicrobial drugs for their treatment was analyzed. In all the cases microbial associations were detected, coliform and nonfermenting gram-negative bacilli, enterococci, anaerobes and yeast-like fungi being isolated from 80, 20, 15 and 25 per cent of the patients respectively. 130 bacterial strains were studied in detail. 80 to 100 per cent of the bacterial isolates were resistant to the antibiotics routinely used in surgical practice, i.e. benzylpenicillin, tetracycline, levomycetin, kanamycin, cephalothin and cefazolin and highly sensitive to new antimicrobial drugs belonging to ureidopenicillins (mezlocillin), quinolones (ciprofloxacin) and cephalosporins of the 3rd generation (cefoperazone and ceftazidime). Retrospective estimation of the antibiotic therapy revealed its inadequacy in 55.7 per cent of the patients for the most part because of the isolates resistance. The 19 variants of the antibiotic use prescribed by the physicians mainly included penicillins, aminoglycosides and their combinations (in 67.2 per cent of the cases). The use of the highly efficient drugs of the groups of ureidopenicillins and quinolones was extremely rare which was likely due to lacking of information on the drugs.     

Changes in the size of the nucleoli of the Purkinje cells in the canine cerebellum in the postresuscitation period

The changes in the size of Purkinje cell (PC) nucleolus in the lateral and medial cerebellum zones were studied in dogs with different degree of neurologic status recovery after clinical death of various etiology and duration. PC always possess one nucleolus in the control and experimental groups. In the case of complete neurologic status recovery of animals the area of PC nucleolus increases in both zones studied, irrespective of the cause of clinical death. In the case of neurologic disorders the increase in PC nucleolus area is clearly expressed only in the medial zone of the cerebellum, being insignificant in the lateral zone. It is suggested that adaptive characteristics of PC are distinct in the two compared zones, which leads to greater PC vulnerability in the lateral zone during deep hypoxia.     

On the role of the pineal in thermoregulation in the pigeon

Diurnal rhythm in body temperature of pigeons subjected to different experimental conditions (pinealectomized, sham-operated, melatonin-implanted, cold-exposed) was studied under a 12 h light and 12 h dark regimen. The body temperature of pigeons during photophase was higher than that during scotophase in the normal as well as every treatment group studied. Pinealectomized pigeons showed higher body temperature in the photophase as well as scotophase, than that of the normal and sham-operated birds when examined 2 or 3 weeks following the post-surgical acclimatization to 25 or 3 degrees C. However, subcutaneous implantation of melatonin pellets into pinealectomized pigeons nullified or even reversed the hyperthermic effect of pinealectomy. Exposure of pigeons to--18 degrees C for 280 min during photophase as well as scotophase, produced a marked drop in body temperature in pinealectomized, sham-operated and normal pigeons. The pinealectomized pigeons exhibited a higher body temperature than that of the sham-operated and normal ones when exposed to--18 degrees C during the photophase, but not during the scotophase. It was concluded that while the pineal is not necessary for maintaining the daily thermal rhythm in the avian body, it has a thermoregulatory role, in that it prevents rise in body temperature in warm (25 degrees C) acclimatized and chronic cold (3 degrees C) exposed birds. In acute short-term cold (--18 degrees C) exposure however, the temperature regulatory role of the pineal was not effective during the scotophase.     

Histogenesis of the taste buds of the vallate papilla in the in the rat in the postnatal stages of development

The developing taste buds of vallate papillae were studied with electron microscope in rats during the first 7 days after birth. Two types of cells--light and dark--are identified in the taste buds of a one day old animal. The apical parts of dark cells are characterized by numerous dark granules. A distinguishing feature of light cells is the presence of synaptic contacts with afferent intragemmal nerves. On the 4th day of development on the top of the apical parts of the cell, a microvillar apparatus is seen to form, which does not yet communicate with the oral cavity. On the 7th day, basal cells appear in the taste buds. Some of these cells are seen mitotically dividing. The differentiated microvillar apparatus now communicates with oral cavity. The structure of the taste buds is getting similar to that in the adults. The structural and functional peculiarities of the developing taste buds are discussed in association with the period of ontogenesis under consideration.     

Frequency of the stages in the cycle of the seminiferous epithelium in the rat

This study determined the optimum number of tubules to be counted per testis cross section, and the number of animals per treatment group, when changes in stage frequencies in the cycle of the seminiferous epithelium are criteria for assessing effects of treatment on spermatogenesis. A data base of 9,672 observed and staged tubules was collected from testicular cross sections of 15 Sprague-Dawley rats. A significant variation between animals was found for the frequencies of Stages I, II, IV, VI, VIII, and XIII. Computer simulation was used to randomly select different combinations of animal and tubule numbers from the observed data. Stage frequency means from each simulation experiment were compared statistically to observed mean frequencies. A model that used data from all 14 stages was analyzed. The following conclusions were made: a) a minimum of 200 tubule cross sections/testis is recommended for estimating stage frequencies; b) for a fixed number of tubules scored, the number of animals sampled is more important than the number of tubules per animal in reducing variance; c) to detect a difference of 2 standard deviations from the mean with a 2% error rate and examining 200 tubules/testis, at least 12 animals must be used per group when assessing all 14 stages; d) when individual stages are examined using 10 animals per group, only Stage VII has 80% or greater power of test (alpha = 0.05) to detect a frequency difference; e) pooling stages into 3-4 groups is recommended to improve the power of detecting a treatment difference.