中国绒毛隧蜂亚属(膜翅目,隧蜂科,隧蜂属)分类研究

记述了中国绒毛隧蜂亚属的8个现有物种,其中Halictus(Vestitohalictus)mucoreus(Eversmann)和Halictus(Vestitohalictus)pulvereus Morawitz为中国新纪录种.对每一物种进行了重描述,并给出其分布和采访植物记录.中国绒毛隧蜂亚属已知种的检索表,每种的结构特征图,特别是雄性S7-S8和外生殖器的结构特征图在文中一并给出.     

中国淡脉隧蜂亚属二新种记述(膜翅目,隧蜂科)

记述隧蜂科淡脉隧蜂属淡脉隧蜂亚属2新种,横皱淡脉隧蜂Lasioglossum(Lasioglossum)transruginosum Zhang,Niu et Zhu,sp.nov.和内蒙淡脉隧蜂L.(L.)neimengensis Zhang,Niu et Li,sp.nov.,模式标本保存于中国科学院动物研究所动物标本馆和云南农业大学昆虫标本室。     

中国绒毛隧蜂亚属和光隧蜂亚属的研究及新种记述(膜翅目:隧蜂科)

绒毛隧蜂亚属 Vestitohalictus 和光隧蜂亚属 Seladonia 隶属于隧蜂属 Halictus。绒毛隧蜂亚属分布在中东及亚洲的干旱地带。光隧蜂亚属主要分布在古北区,向南延伸到非洲、印度、东南亚,少数种类甚至延伸到新北区和中美洲。 绒毛隧蜂亚属的主要特征是:体长3.5—8mm;体暗绿色具金属光泽或黑色无金属光泽,通常腹部的一部分或全部红色;体密被白或淡黄色柔毛,柔毛通常覆盖整个腹部且腹部边缘柔毛比中央密;前胸背板侧叶圆;前翅缘室外缘尖并指向缘脉;雌性后足胫基板边     

中国隧蜂属研究及新种新亚种记述(膜翅目：隧蜂科)

中国隧蜂属Halictuss．sir．的研究是根据Pesenko的分类系统撰写的[1,2]。有关中国隧蜂属的第1篇报道是Morawitz[3]记述由俄罗斯N．M．Przewalsky1877年采自天山的Halictusquadricinctus及H.resurgens（名为H．sexcinctussensuMorawitz）,1890年Morawitz又增加两种[4],即H.tetrazonicus（部分应为H．tsintouensis）及H.rubicundus,该两种是G.N．Potanin于1886年采自甘肃（标签上误写为蒙古“Mongolei”,详见Pesenko中国及蒙古隧蜂属的讨论[5]）。Strand也记述了中国的种类[6,7],其1909年的文章中记述了中国西部（“Jarkand”…     

中国淡脉隧蜂属三新种(膜翅目:隧蜂科)

本文记述采自我国南方的淡脉隧蜂属 Lasioglossum 三新种。根据它们与印度淡脉隧蜂Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) dynastes (Bingham) 的共同特征,将它们归为一个种团。本种团共包括四种:刺背脉隧蜂Lasioglossum (Lasioglssum) spinodorsum 新种、拟刺背淡脉隧蜂 Lasioglosssum (Lasioglossum) pseudospinodorsum 新种、云南淡脉隧蜂Lasioglossum (Lasioglossum) yunnanense 新种、印度淡脉隧蜂Lasioglossum     

中国隧蜂亚属的研究及新种记述（膜翅目：蜜蜂总科：隧蜂科）

本文记述隧蜂亚属12种,其中三个新种:拟黄带隧蜂 Halictus (Halictus) pseudotakuiricus;扎达隧蜂Halictus (Halictus) zadaensis;红足斑点隧蜂Halictus (Halictus) frostus;一个新纪录种:黄带隧蜂Halictus (Halictus) takuiricus Blüthgen。文中附有12种的种检索表。     

中国杜隧蜂属研究及新种记述(膜翅目:蜜蜂总科, 隧蜂科)

杜隧蜂属Dufourea是杜隧蜂亚科Dufoureinae的一个属。其主要特征是雌性触角粗短,雄性触角长度一般不超过胸部,各节表面正常;中足距端部尖,栉不明显;雄性腹部第6腹板端部三齿状;第7背板具臀板;第7腹板端部分叉,被羽状长毛;生殖刺突细长,与生殖突基节分离,阳茎基腹铗宽而扁平,不活动;中足及后足腿节及胫节正常,不特化。 中国过去曾记载有三种杜隧蜂,即高原杜隧蜂Dufourea metallica Mor.青海杜隧蜂Dufourea armata Popov及变色杜隧蜂Dufourea versicola Alfken。本文记述了云南杜隧蜂Dufourea yunnanensis sp.nov.绿光杜隧蜂Dufourea chlora sp.nov.,西藏杜     

中国胫淡脉隧蜂亚属九新种(膜翅目:蜜蜂总科, 隧蜂科)

文中记述中国胫淡脉隧蜂亚属Lasioglossum(Evylaeus)九新种。所有正模、配模和大多数副摸标本保存在中国科学院动物研究所,少量副横标本保存于奥地利国P.Andreas Werner Ebmer处。 1.拟闪光淡脉隧蜂Lasioglossum(Eoylueus)subfuigens新种♀体长5mm。头长等于宽(图1)。唇基微隆起,唇基端部无刻点,具几条深的纵沟,     

中国淡脉隧蜂属指名亚属三新种(膜翅目:蜜蜂总科, 隧蜂科)

本文记述中国淡脉隧蜂属指名亚属Lasioglossum(Lasioglossum)三新种。所有正模、配模和大多数副模标本保存于中国科学院动物研究所,少量副模标本保存于奥地利国P. Andreas Werner Ebmer处。     

中国长柄茧蜂属亚长柄茧蜂亚属记述(膜翅目:茧蜂科)

对长柄茧蜂属Ｓｔｒｅｂｌｏｃｅｒａ亚长柄茧蜂亚属Ａｓｉａｓｔｒｅｂｌｏｃｅｒａ Ｂｅｌｏｋｏｂｙｌｓｋｉｊ（膜翅目：茧蜂科）的种类进行了研究。亚长柄茧蜂亚属仅分布于我国和俄罗斯远东地区。以前仅知２种：具角长柄茧蜂Ｓ．（Ａ．）ｃｏｒｎｕｔａＣｈａｏ,１９６４和大峪长柄茧峰Ｓ．（Ａ．）ｄａｙｕｅｎｓｉｓ Ｗａｎｇ,１９８３。本文记述了该亚属的一新种：扁角长柄茧蜂,新种Ｓ．（Ａ．）Ｐｌａｎｉｃｏｒｎｉ     

中国四川巨须隐翅虫亚属二新种(鞘翅目,隐翅虫科,巨须隐翅虫亚科)

报道中国四川巨须隐翅虫属Oxyporus Fablicius,巨须隐翅虫亚属subgenus Oxyporus的5个种,其中包括2新种,美姑巨须隐翅虫Oxyporus(Oxyporus) meigu sp.nov.和闫氏巨须隐翅虫O.(O.) yanae sp.nov.,补充了溪巨须隐翅虫O.riparius Zheng,横沟巨须隐翅虫O.transversesulcatus Bernhauer 和黑胸巨须隐翅虫O.nigricollis Zheng新的地理分布.     

Phylogeny of the bee genus Halictus (Hymenoptera: halictidae) based on parsimony and likelihood analyses of nuclear EF-1alpha sequence data

We investigated higher-level phylogenetic relationships within the genus Halictus based on parsimony and maximum likelihood (ML) analysis of elongation factor-1alpha DNA sequence data. Our data set includes 41 OTUs representing 35 species of halictine bees from a diverse sample of outgroup genera and from the three widely recognized subgenera of Halictus (Halictus s.s., Seladonia, and Vestitohalictus). We analyzed 1513 total aligned nucleotide sites spanning three exons and two introns. Equal-weights parsimony analysis of the overall data set yielded 144 equally parsimonious trees. Major conclusions supported in this analysis (and in all subsequent analyses) included the following: (1) Thrincohalictus is the sister group to Halictus s.l., (2) Halictus s.l. is monophyletic, (3) Vestitohalictus renders Seladonia paraphyletic but together Seladonia + Vestitohalictus is monophyletic, (4) Michener's Groups 1 and 3 are monophyletic, and (5) Michener's Group 1 renders Group 2 paraphyletic. In order to resolve basal relationships within Halictus we applied various weighting schemes under parsimony (successive approximations character weighting and implied weights) and employed ML under 17 models of sequence evolution. Weighted parsimony yielded conflicting results but, in general, supported the hypothesis that Seladonia + Vestitohalictus is sister to Michener's Group 3 and renders Halictus s.s. paraphyletic. ML analyses using the GTR model with site-specific rates supported an alternative hypothesis: Seladonia + Vestitohalictus is sister to Halictus s.s. We mapped social behavior onto trees obtained under ML and parsimony in order to reconstruct the likely historical pattern of social evolution. Our results are unambiguous: the ancestral state for the genus Halictus is eusociality. Reversal to solitary behavior has occurred at least four times among the species included in our analysis.     

CAESALPINIA SUBGENUS MEZONEURON (LEGUMINOSAE,CAESALPINIOIDEAE) FROM THE TERTIARY OF NORTH AMERICA

Legume fruits from the Eocene of Tennessee and Wyoming and the Miocene of Idaho are described and assigned to Caesalpinia subgenus Mezoneuron (Caesalpinioideae), an extant Paleotropical taxon that does not occur in North or South America today. Morphological and anatomical details of the fruits are used in evaluating their systematic relationships. The features of the fossil fruits are accommodated only within this extant subgenus. These fossils represent the only reliable known occurrence of C. subgenus Mezoneuron in the paleobotanical record. These fossils suggest that subgenus Mezoneuron was distinct from subgenus Caesalpinia by the Middle Eocene. Further, they document the widespread occurrence of this currently Paleotropical group for at least 30 million years in North America.     

广东省杯伞属的分组及三个新种

本文报道了广东地区杯伞属Clitocybe(Fr.)Staude的3个新种及5个国内新记录。3个新种是:拟褶杯伞Clitocybe pseudo-phyllophila Bi et zheng,sp.nov.,鳞杯伞Clitocybe furfuracea Bi sp.nov以及亚白杯伞Clitocybe subcandicans Bi sp.nov.。并附与种和种所属分组的检索表。     

国产堇菜属植物花粉形态的研究

本文应用光学显微镜及扫描电镜对国产３２种堇菜属植物的花粉形态进行了观察,结果表明,在光学显微镜下,除Ｖ．ｔｒｉｃｏｌｏｒＬ．外,堇菜属植物的花粉形态比校一致,对本属的分类意义不大。在扫描电镜下的花粉外壁纹饰亦表明本属是一个较为自然的类群。但国产四亚属之间的花粉在外壁纹饰,颗粒的多少和有无,穿孔的多少和有无等方面存在着较明显的差异,而在亚属内则分化校小。支持了Ｊｕｚｅｐｃｈｕｋ（１９４９）和王庆瑞（１９９１）的分类处理。     

THE FLAVONOIDS OF THE DECIDUOUS RHODODENDRON OF NORTH AMERICA (ERICACEAE)

The native Azaleas of North America (Rhododendron: subgenus Pentanthera) produce 58 flavonoids in five aglycone classes: flavonols, dihydroflavonols, flavanones, dihydrochalcones and chalcones. A comparison of the flavonoids of selected samples of these species indicated that the compounds generally occur as species specific ensembles. Species were grouped into “alliances” based on common flavonoid constituents and a phylogenetic treatment of the group was developed. Evolutionary trends of flavonoids within subgenus Pentanthera are not well-defined but appear to be associated with a loss of the ability to synthesize some compounds and a decrease in diversity of glycosides and methoxylated flavonoids. Intraspecific variation in flavonoids was found in Rhododendron canescens, R. alabamense and R. austrinum when these were sampled on a population basis.     

中国颊脊隐翅虫属附点颊脊隐翅虫亚属三新种(鞘翅目,隐翅虫科,隐翅虫亚科)

记述中国颊脊隐翅虫属Quedius附点颊脊隐翅虫亚属Distichalius 3新种,王氏附点颊脊隐翅虫Quedius(Distichalius)wangi sp.nov.,仙附点颊脊隐翅虫Quedius(D.)xiansp.nov.,和卧龙附点颊脊隐翅虫Quedius(D.)wolong sp.nov.。俯附点颊脊隐翅虫Q.(D.)lin Smetana和日本附点颊脊隐翅虫Q.(D.)pretiosus Sharp分别在中国大陆和重庆市是首次记录。3新种都隶属克什米尔附点颊脊隐翅虫群thekashmirensis group,该群为中国新纪录群。2新纪录种,俯附点颊脊隐翅虫和日本附点颊脊隐翅虫,分别是连附点颊脊隐翅虫群theannectens group和查特附点颊脊隐翅虫群thechaterjeei group的成员。     

STUDY OF THE ESSENTIAL LEAF OILS OF THE GENUS MONARDA (LABIATAE)

Vapor-phase chromatographic patterns obtained from the distilled essential oils of 20 taxa in the genus Monarda (Labiatae) are discussed. The influence of leaf tissue maturity, plant habitat, and oil storage upon the composition of the essential oils was investigated, as well as similarities of leaf and flower oils in the same plant. The taxa of the subgenus Cheilyctis have very similar chromatographic “fingerprints” which confirm their homogeneity. On the other hand, the polyploid subgenus Monarda has heterogeneous patterns of essential oil composition among its species. A population of M. fistulosa gave evidence of being a chemical race.