HBV PreS2-MBP融合蛋白在大肠杆菌不同部位的表达

目的:分析比较HBV PreS2蛋白在大肠杆菌细胞周质和细胞质中的融合表达情况。方法:构建大肠杆菌细胞周质中融合表达HBV PreS2蛋白的载体pMAL-P2x/S2和细胞质中融合表达载体pMAL-C2x/S2,IPTG诱导表达,产物经SDS-PAGE和Western Blot检测,分析HBV PreS2-MBP融合蛋白在菌体不同部位的表达情况及表达产物的存在形式。结果:细胞周质中表达的融合蛋白有一部分被降解了,而细胞质中表达出了完整的融合蛋白。细胞质中表达的融合蛋白以包涵体和可溶性蛋白两种形式存在。结论:HBV PreS2-MBP融合蛋白适合在大肠杆菌细胞质中表达。     

VEGF121-KLAK融合蛋白在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中的表达及纯化

目的:在大肠杆菌中高效表达并纯化VEGF121与两性分子KLAK的融合蛋白,为进一步研究其抗肿瘤血管形成作用奠定基础。方法:用RT-PCR法扩增目的基因,插入表达载体pET28a后,转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),经IPTG诱导表达重组蛋白,对产物进行SDS-PAGE及Western印迹分析。结果:克隆出目的基因,构建了融合蛋白表达载体,诱导表达后经SDS-PAGE检测表明获得了目的条带。结论:在大肠杆菌中高效表达并纯化了融合蛋白VEGF121-KLAK。     

细粒棘球蚴FABP基因的原核表达及蛋白鉴定

构建原核表达载体pET-FABP,优化表达条件,采用免疫学方法鉴定纯化的FABP融合蛋白。载体pMD19-T-FABP和pET-44a(+)经EcoRⅠ和HindⅢ双酶切,将回收的FABP片段与pET-44a(+)连接,构建原核表达载体pET-FABP并在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中表达,优化表达条件,纯化FABP融合蛋白,Western blotting鉴定。成功构建了原核表达载体pET-FABP并在大肠杆菌中高效表达。纯化后的蛋白经SDS-PAGE和Western blotting鉴定正确。构建的表达载体pET-FABP可以在大肠杆菌中大量表达Nus-FABP融合蛋白,为进一步研制FABP亚单位疫苗奠定了基础。     

融合表达载体pET32a/Trx-EK-MrVIB的构建及在大肠杆菌中表达

人工设计合成芋螺毒素基因Mr VIB来构建表达载体p ET32a/Trx-EK-Mr VIB,将其转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)plys S进行诱导表达。菌体经超声破碎后利用Ni-NTA琼脂糖柱进行亲和层析纯化融合蛋白,SDS-PAGE电泳分析融合蛋白表达。结果表明融合表达载体p ET32a/Trx-EK-Mr VIB经PCR扩增和测序鉴定具有正确的开放阅读框。SDS-PAGE电泳显示融合蛋白在大肠杆菌中获得高效可溶性表达,经一步亲和层析获得纯度大于90%的融合芋螺毒素达73.6 mg/L。本文成功构建了融合表达载体p ET32a/Trx-EK-Mr VIB,融合芋螺毒素Trx-EK-Mr VIB在大肠杆菌中获得高效可溶性表达。     

炭疽芽胞杆菌A16R株FtsE蛋白的可溶性表达和纯化简

目的：构建炭疽芽胞杆菌FtsE蛋白的原核表达载体,实现其在原核表达系统中的可溶性表达,并纯化融合蛋白。方法：用PCR方法从炭疽芽胞杆菌A16R株扩增得到厅sE基因片段,酶切后连接到pET28a原核表达载体,构建重组表达质粒pET28a-ftsE,转化大肠杆菌BL21（DE3）菌株,筛选可溶性诱导表达与纯化融合蛋白的条件,以获得高纯度融合蛋白。结果：构建了FtsE蛋白的融合表达载体,并在大肠杆菌中获得高效表达;在20℃下,经0．1mmol/LIPTG诱导3h表达的产物主要是可溶性蛋白,经Ni-NTA亲和层析纯化获得了高纯度的FtsE融合蛋白,经Western印迹检测,目的蛋白表达正确。结论：实现了炭疽芽胞杆菌FtsE蛋白原核表达系统的可溶性表达并获得了高纯度融合蛋白,为后续研究奠定了基础。     

人铜锌超氧化物歧化酶在大肠杆菌中的融合表达与纯化

目的:在大肠杆菌中表达并纯化人铜锌超氧化物歧化酶(HuSOD1)。方法:合成HuSOD1编码基因,PCR扩增后连入pMAL-p5x质粒构建融合表达载体,转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)感受态,IPTG诱导表达,NBT法测定HuSOD1酶活,利用麦芽糖结合蛋白亲和层析柱纯化MBP-HuSOD1融合蛋白,经因子Ⅹa酶切及分子筛柱层析纯化HuSOD1蛋白。结果:构建了pMAL-p5x-HuSOD1表达载体,在大肠杆菌中实现了高表达,目的蛋白占全菌蛋白的30%,其中可溶性表达占63%,具有超氧化物歧化酶活性;通过亲和层析纯化得到纯度大于95%的融合蛋白MBP-HuSOD1,经因子Ⅹa酶切后纯化得到纯度约90%的HuSOD1蛋白。结论:在大肠杆菌中表达并纯化获得有活性的MBP-HuSOD1,经进一步酶切、纯化后得到HuSOD1。     

线虫抗凝血蛋白c2的融合表达及其抗凝活性分析

目的:在大肠杆菌中表达硫氧还蛋白-线虫抗凝血蛋白c2(Trx-NAPc2)融合蛋白,并检测其抗凝活性。方法:将扩增的NAPc2基因经BamHⅠ和HindⅢ双酶切后连接到表达载体pET-32a中,转化至大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),分别经IPTG和乳糖诱导表达;表达产物经镍琼脂糖凝胶FF纯化后,用体外凝血酶原时间(PT)和活化部分凝血活酶时间(aPTT)试验检测抗凝血活性。结果:构建了pET-32a/NAPc2表达质粒,并在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中高效表达,表达产物主要以可溶形式存在,纯化的Trx-NAPc2融合蛋白能明显延长PT及aPTT。结论:在大肠杆菌中高效表达了具有生物活性的Trx-NAPc2融合蛋白,为进一步研究NAPc2的功能及应用奠定了基础。     

人Hepcidin融合表达载体的构建及在大肠杆菌中的表达

为了在大肠杆菌中表达生产hepcidin,根据大肠杆菌密码子偏好性,化学合成了人hepcidin的基因序列,并构建了hepcidin的融合表达载体pET -hpc。pET- hpc在大肠杆菌BL2 1 (DE3)中表达的hepcidin融合蛋白以包涵体形式存在,其N端带有 6个组氨酸。通过优化诱导表达条件,该融合蛋白表达水平显著提高,占总蛋白的 2 5 . 2 %。表达的包涵体经 1 %TritonX 1 0 0洗涤后溶于8mol L尿素,在变性条件下采用金属螯合层析进行纯化,所得融合蛋白纯度大于 95 %。     

炭疽芽胞杆菌A16R株FtsE蛋白的可溶性表达和纯化

目的:构建炭疽芽胞杆菌FtsE蛋白的原核表达载体,实现其在原核表达系统中的可溶性表达,并纯化融合蛋白。方法:用PCR方法从炭疽芽胞杆菌A16R株扩增得到ftsE基因片段,酶切后连接到pET28a原核表达载体,构建重组表达质粒pET28a-ftsE,转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)菌株,筛选可溶性诱导表达与纯化融合蛋白的条件,以获得高纯度融合蛋白。结果:构建了FtsE蛋白的融合表达载体,并在大肠杆菌中获得高效表达;在20℃下,经0.1 mmol/L IPTG诱导3 h表达的产物主要是可溶性蛋白,经Ni-NTA亲和层析纯化获得了高纯度的FtsE融合蛋白,经Western印迹检测,目的蛋白表达正确。结论:实现了炭疽芽胞杆菌FtsE蛋白原核表达系统的可溶性表达并获得了高纯度融合蛋白,为后续研究奠定了基础。     

人胰岛素原基因在大肠杆菌中高效外分泌表达

将胰岛素原基因融合到金色葡萄球菌蛋白Ａ的基因上,构建成大肠杆菌中基因融合的外分泌表达载体。它能高效表达且有效地分泌表达产物。利用亲和层析能方便地从培养液中分离出融合蛋白。融合蛋白经ＣＮＢｒ裂解后,经反相ＨＰＬＣ分析,分离得到具有天然结构的胰岛素原并进行了鉴定。     

Targeted cytokine delivery to neuroblastoma

The aim of this study was to construct a fusion protein from the cytokine granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and a single-chain Fv fragment (scFv D29) and to investigate its potential to activate cells of the immune system against neuroblastoma cells expressing neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM). Mammalian cell expression of the scFv D29-GM-CSF fusion protein was compared using a number of vectors, including retroviral and adenoviral vectors. The resultant fusion protein, expressed by HeLa cells, was found by ELISA to bind immobilized recombinant NCAM. Moreover, FACS analysis confirmed binding to the human neuroblastoma cell line SKNBE and a murine neuroblastoma cell line engineered to express the glycosylphosphatidylinositol form of human NCAM (N2A-rKNIE). The fusion protein was also found to stimulate the proliferation of the FDC-P1 haemopoietic cell line, which is dependent on GM-CSF (or interleukin 3) for continued growth. In vitro clonogenic assays indicated that scFv-GM-CSF could selectively induce growth inhibition of SKNBE cells by murine lymphoid cells.     

GFP-SA融合蛋白的表达纯化及其锚定修饰肿瘤细胞的研究

目的　GFP（绿色荧光蛋白）-SA（链亲和素）双功能融合蛋白的制备及其鉴定研究,以展示我们建立的技术平台,即用含链亲和素的双功能融合蛋白对生物素化的细胞表面进行高效的锚定修饰。方法　构建原核表达载体pET24d/GFP-SA转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)。用IPTG诱导重组蛋白的表达,用镍金属螯合（Ni-NTA）层析柱进行纯化。用制备的GFP-SA双功能融合蛋白,对B16肿瘤细胞已生物素化的细胞表面进行修饰,经荧光显微镜和流式细胞仪进行修饰效率分析。此外,用MTT法检测细胞表面修饰对肿瘤细胞活力及其生长情况的影响。结果　GFP-SA重组融合蛋白在大肠杆菌实现了高效表达（约占细菌总蛋白的20%）,通过纯化和复性制备的GFP-SA双功能融合蛋白具有双重活性,即：链亲和素介导的、对生物素高效特异的结合活性,和GFP发射绿色荧光的活性,并能高效修饰表面已生物素化的肿瘤细胞。此外,GFP-SA双功能融合蛋白的细胞表面修饰对细胞的活力及其生长无显著影响。结论　GFP-SA融合蛋白能高效修饰表面已生物素化的肿瘤细胞,可用作肿瘤疫苗研究的示踪蛋白及实验对照体系。     

Purification of recombinant activin A using the second follistatin domain of follistatin-related gene (FLRG)

Activins are multifunctional growth factors belonging to the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily. Isolation of activins from natural sources requires many steps and only produces limited quantities. Even though recombinant preparations have been used in recent studies, purification of recombinant activins still requires multiple steps. To purify recombinant activin A, we have developed a simple method using the second follistatin domain of an activin-binding protein follistatin-related gene (FLRG). An affinity column was prepared with a partial FLRG fusion protein. The partial FLRG protein contained the second follistatin domain and the C-terminus acidic domain, and was tagged with six histidine residues at its N-terminus. The fusion protein was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified with nickel affinity column. Thereafter, the purified fusion protein was coupled to NHS-activated column. Recombinant activin A was produced in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, which were stably transfected with rat inhibin/activin betaA-subunit cDNA. After 48-h suspension culture of the cells in a serum free medium, the culture media was recovered and passed through the FLRG-coupled column. After washing with phosphate-buffered saline, bound protein was eluted out with an acidic buffer. Any significant contaminations were not detected when the purified protein was analyzed by SDS-PAGE. Apparent sizes of the protein were 14 and 28 kDa under the reduced and non-reduced conditions, respectively. Western blot analysis confirmed that the purified protein was activin A. The purified recombinant activin stimulated p3TP-lux reporter activity in CHO cells and follicle-stimulating hormone secretion from rat pituitary cells.     

重组EpoAB-NGF模拟肽的神经营养功能

目的:研究重组融合蛋白红细胞生成素AB肽-神经生长因子模拟肽(EpoAB-NGF9和EpoAB-NGF/12)的神经营养作用。方法:构建pET-42a-EpoAB-NGF9/12原核表达质粒,转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),以IPTG诱导表达,亲和层析纯化重组蛋白,显微镜观察PC12细胞诱导分化,流式细胞仪检测凋亡细胞。结果:大肠杆菌表达的重组融合蛋白GST-EpoAB-NGF9/12分子量约为30kDa,抗GST抗体免疫印迹反应呈阳性。融合蛋白可以诱导PC12细胞分化,促进轴突生长。R2L1细胞去血清培养,凋亡细胞占(31.7±0.60)%,去血清后加入融合蛋白GST-EpoAB-NGF9/12,细胞凋亡率分别为(25.2±3.52)%、(25.7±1.46)%,呈现一定程度的抑制细胞凋亡的活性。结论:重组EpoAB-NGF模拟肽融合蛋白具有与NGF类似的神经营养作用。     

Construction and characterization of a fusion protein of single-chain anti-carcinoma antibody 323/A3 and human β-glucuronidase

 We report the construction and expression of a fusion protein between a single-chain antibody specific for human carcinomas and human β-glucuronidase by recombinant DNA technology. The sequences encoding the murine monoclonal antibody 323/A3 light- and heavy-chain variable genes were joined by a synthetic sequence encoding a 15-amino-acid linker and combined with human β-glucuronidase by a synthetic sequence encoding a 6-amino-acid linker. The construct was placed under the control of the cytomegalovirus promotor and expressed in COS-7 cells. The yield of active fusion protein was 10 ng/ml transfectoma supernatant. Antibody affinity, antibody specificity and enzyme activity were fully retained by the fusion protein. Biochemical characterization of the fusion protein by sodium dodecyl sulfate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed a molecular mass of 100 kDa under denaturing conditions. Gel-filtration analysis indicated that the enzymatically active form is a tetramer of approximately 400 kDa. The non-toxic prodrug N-[4-doxorubicin-N-carbonyl(oxymethyl)phenyl]-O-β-glucuronyl carbamate was activated to the cytotoxic drug doxorubicin by the fusion protein with a hydrolysis rate similar to that of human β-glucuronidase. The growth inhibition of tumor cells coated with the fusion protein and exposed to prodrug was similar to that obtained with doxorubicin. This study shows the feasibility of constructing eukaryotic fusion proteins consisting of a single-chain antibody and human β-glucuronidase for use in the specific activation of anticancer prodrugs. Received: 5 June 1997 / Accepted: 25 October 1997     

Controlled Growth of Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells and High Expression of Antibody-IL-2 Fusion Proteins by Temperature Manipulation

Growth and the expression of the anti-ErbB2 scFv-Fc-IL2 fusion protein in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells were in association at 37 degrees C. The expression of the fusion protein was no more than 25 microg/ml. At 30 degrees C the cell growth was arrested but the cells continued to produce the fusion protein up to 60-80 microg/ml. About 50% of CHO cells were rapidly blocked in G2/M phase after the temperature was shifted from 37 to 30 degrees C. Lowering temperature resulted in cell growth arrest, but maintained cell viability for a longer time and enhanced the production of the antibody-IL-2 fusion protein in CHO cells.     

Expression of the nodulation gene nod C of Rhizobium meliloti in Escherichia coli: role of the nod C gene product in nodulation

The nod C gene of Rhizobium meliloti encodes a protein of mol. wt. 44 000 which is highly conserved in at least three Rhizobium species. In order to overproduce this protein, a gene fusion of lambda cI repressor sequences to a large fragment of nod C was constructed. The fusion was placed under control of the tac promoter on plasmid pEA305 to yield pJS1035. IPTG-induced Escherichia coli cells harbouring pJS1035 accumulated the cI-nod C hybrid protein up to 19% of total cellular protein. The synthesis of the hybrid protein drastically inhibits the growth rate of the bacterium. The fusion protein was purified by gel and hydroxyapatite chromatography in the presence of SDS. Antibodies raised against the purified fusion protein precipitated the mol. wt. 44 000 nod C proteins of R. meliloti and of the broad-host range Rhizobium strain NGR234, which were both expressed in E. coli mini-cells. The hybrid protein is associated with the outer membrane of E. coli cells, and the cI-nod C fusion protein appears to be an integral membrane protein. Nodulation of alfalfa by R. meliloti and of clover by R. trifolii was markedly inhibited (approximately 50%) by the addition of antibodies against the hybrid protein to plant growth medium and inoculum.     

An orthopoxvirus serpinlike gene controls the ability of infected cells to fuse.

Most orthopoxviruses encode a functional hemagglutinin (HA), which is nonessential for virus growth in cell culture. However, inactivation of the HA gene leads to the formation of polykaryocytes (syncytia) by fusion of infected cells at neutral pH. Fusion is not observed when a functional HA gene is present. Deletion of open reading frames (ORFs) K2, K3, and K4 within the HindIII K fragment of the HA-positive (HA+) vaccinia virus strain WR also led to fusion of cells upon infection at neutral pH. A novel ORF inactivation procedure utilizing the polymerase chain reaction was used to specifically implicate the K2 ORF in this phenomenon. The K2 ORF (the viral SPI-3 gene) encodes a protein resembling serine protease inhibitors (serpins). Inactivation of the SPI-3 gene in any of the HA+ orthopoxviruses tested caused infected cells to fuse in a manner which appeared identical to that seen for HA- mutants, although fusion was most pronounced with cowpox virus. SPI-3-negative strains fused despite the fact that the HA was expressed and processed normally, i.e., cells infected with SPI-3 mutants remained functionally hemadsorption positive, and analysis of the HA protein by Western immunoblot suggested that posttranslational modifications of the HA protein appeared normal. Fusion triggered by SPI-3 mutants, like that for HA- mutants, was inhibited by the monoclonal antibody C3 directed against the vaccinia virus 14-kDa envelope protein. Therefore SPI-3- and HA-mediated fusion share a requirement for the 14-kDa protein, suggesting linkage of the seemingly disparate SPI-3 and HA genes through a common pathway which normally acts to prevent fusion of cells infected with wild-type virus.     

N端融合不同长度转位肽的重组粒酶B抑制细胞生长作用的比较

采用重组PCR法将粒酶B基因的N端信号肽和酸性二肽编码序列去除,与两种不同长度的绿脓杆菌外毒素（PE）转位肽序列分别连接,将它们插入pIND诱导表达载体,通过脂质体法与pVgRXR辅助质粒共转染HeLa细胞,建立了重组PE II-GrBa基因的诱导表达细胞系。松甾酮A诱导后Western印迹检测到目的基因的表达,间接免疫荧光观察到表达细胞出现多核巨细胞的异常形态。两种表达的PE II-GrBa融合蛋白均能够切割粒酶B的细胞内源性和外源性底物,并且使细胞生长速度减慢。其中,PE II-(aa 280358)-GrBa的底物切割能力和生长抑制作用较强。流式细胞仪分析这种抑制作用可能与细胞周期的G2期受到阻遏有关。上述结果证实了PE II-GrBa融合蛋白仍然具有抑制细胞生长的作用,并且较短的转位肽对GrBa活性的影响较小,有助于进一步优化转位肽/细胞毒性效应蛋白重组分子的结构用于肿瘤细胞杀伤。     

In vivo visualization of the distribution of a secretory protein in Aspergillus oryzae hyphae using the RntA-EGFP fusion protein

A fusion gene encoding ribonuclease T1-EGFP (rntA-egfp) was constructed and expressed to use it as a tool for studies on the secretory pathway in Aspergillus oryzae. The successful secretion of the intact RntA-EGFP fusion protein was detected by fluorescence measurement and Western analysis. With use of the RntA-EGFP system, we were able to see high fluorescence at hyphal tips and observe concentrated fluorescence at septa in basal cells during growth at optimal conditions. Cold or heat shock during growth caused the accumulation of EGFP fluorescence in vacuoles.