门诊知名专家团队服务模式的实践与探索

为深化公立医院改革,北京同仁医院积极开展门诊知名专家团队服务模式试点工作,建立医院内部层级诊疗服务新模式。通过门诊就诊流程调整、服务模式变革,破解“挂号难”“号贩子”等相关问题,实现了医院内部门诊资源的优化利用,是医院内部分级诊疗的有益实践与探索,真正体现了医疗机构“以患者为中心”的服务理念,也为未来广泛推广分级诊疗模式奠定了坚实的基础。     

我院康复医疗服务体系建设的做法与体会

哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院积极探索新的服务体系,充分整合和利用黑龙江省康复资源和医疗卫生资源,在康复医疗服务体系建设、康复机构功能定位、双向转诊制度、康复人才培养等方面进行了积极的探索,康复医疗服务网络化管理模式初具雏形。     

导师制科教管理模式在分级诊疗中运行的探索

分级诊疗是国家推动基层和社区医疗发展的全新政策,导师制科教管理模式在分级诊疗中的开展目前尚处于起步阶段,在实际实施过程中还存在着一定的问题和不足。如何使导师制科教管理模式在分级诊疗中发挥更大作用,以导师制促进区域医疗联合体（医联体）管理模式的建立、健全导师考核体系以及建立“学校—三级医院—医联体社区医院”3层教育管理体制是医院转型发展关键时期应该尝试的科教管理方法,也是打破医院传统管理模式、提高医院管理效率的一个有效手段。     

基于视联网的远程门诊系统应用探讨

远程门诊可拓展远程医疗服务范围和服务内容,将成为未来远程医疗发展的一种新型服务模式。文章介绍了远程门诊的概念和发展现状,分析了基于视联网技术的远程门诊系统框架和业务流程,探讨了基于视联网的远程门诊系统在远程门诊诊疗、门诊检查和门诊咨询等方面的应用及未来发展前景。     

居民健康卡医疗机构应用及建设探讨

文章阐述了居民健康卡医疗机构应用的意义,介绍了居民健康卡医疗机构预约诊疗、门诊住院一卡通、门诊便捷输液、医疗救治联动服务和新农合一卡通等应用,分析了居民健康卡项目建设中政府主导与银医合作两种模式的特点,最后探讨了居民健康卡医疗机构应用重点建设内容。     

非医疗技术因素对门诊患者满意度的调查与分析

?????? 目的 了解门诊患者对于非医疗技术服务的满意度现状,探讨影响门诊患者满意度的非技术因素。方法 对广州市某三甲医院2012年3—6月就诊的208名门诊患者进行问卷调查。结果 与“等候时间”、“诊疗费用”相关的满意度水平显著低于“服务态度”、“环境设施”类,且满意度水平存在着社会人口学差异。结论 医院应注重非医疗技术服务的改进,可从营造舒适就诊环境、加强医患沟通、降低医疗费用及合理门诊布局等方面入手。同时,优化门诊预约服务可有效提高门诊患者满意度。     

宁夏县级医院耳鼻咽喉科医疗服务能力分析

目的 通过对宁夏县级医院耳鼻咽喉科医疗服务现状的调查,了解其发展瓶颈与不足,提出提升宁夏县级医院耳鼻咽喉科医疗服务能力的建议。方法 采用整群抽样方法,对宁夏县级公立综合医院耳鼻咽喉科进行问卷调查,并抽样访谈部分医院耳鼻咽喉科主任,回收、整理、分析相关数据,定量定性分析调查医院耳鼻咽喉科医疗服务能力。结果 宁夏县级医院耳鼻咽喉科各项现状指标均低于县医院标准要求,科室人员与设备数量严重不足,可开展医疗技术项目少,门诊、出院人数逐年提高。结论 宁夏县级医院耳鼻咽喉科医疗服务能力不足,建议科室制定发展规划,创新发展方式;开发人力资源,提升技术水平;借助信息平台,共建学科联盟。     

医院软实力建设的内涵与把握原则

??????? 随着医药卫生体制改革不断深化,加强医院软实力建设,对于实现医院可持续性发展具有积极的意义。现代医院软实力内涵主要体现在制度吸引力、文化感染力、团队凝聚力及品牌辐射力四个方面。医院软实力是医院硬实力的内在动力,是医院实现可持续发展的基础和重要保证。因此,在医院软实力建设过程中必须坚持系统性、科学性、超前性及实效性原则。     

公立医院与社会资本的合作之势在“何”行

在国家和地方的政策强力推动下,以社会资本进入医疗领域为核心的改革成为医改主要方向。对公立医院与社会资本合作的有效模式的积极探索对于主要的利益相关方将有明显的多赢效应。在实际合作过程中,需要从经营理念的转换、战略方向的把握、试点资格的审核和政策的支持等方面进行不断地磨合与探索。     

Ethical Implications of Case‐Based Payment in China: A Systematic Analysis

How health care providers are paid affects how medicine is practiced. It is thus important to assess provider payment models not only from the economic perspective but also from the ethical perspective. China recently started to reform the provider payment model in the health care system from fee‐for‐service to case‐based payment. This paper aims to examine this transition from an ethical perspective. We collected empirical studies on the impact of case‐based payment in the Chinese health care system and applied a systematic ethical matrix that integrates clinical ethics and public health ethics to analyze the empirical findings. We identified eleven prominent ethical issues related to case‐based payment. Some ethical problems of case‐based payment in China are comparable to ethical problems of managed care and diagnosis related groups in high‐income countries. However, in this paper we discuss in greater detail four specific ethical issues in the Chinese context: professionalism, the patient‐physician relationship, access to care and patient autonomy. Based on the analysis, we cautiously infer that case‐based payment is currently more ethically acceptable than fee‐for‐service in the context of China, mainly because it seems to lower financial barriers to access care. Nonetheless, it will be difficult to justify the implementation of case‐based payment if no additional measures are taken to monitor and minimize its existing negative ethical implications.     

从北京市DRGs试点看医保费用支付方式改革方向选择

医保费用如何支付一直以来都是整个医保体系建设的关键环节之一,医保费用支付方式如何改革在我国医改探索实践中相对比较敏感。北京市于2011年在医保费用支付方式上率先推出国际上比较先进的DRGs支付方式改革新举措,文章介绍了北京大学第三医院作为试点医院的实践。     

Insuring Care: Paperwork,Insurance Rules,and Clinical Labor at a U.S. Transgender Clinic

What is a clinician to do when people needing medical care do not have access to consistent or sufficient health insurance coverage and cannot pay for care privately? Analyzing ethnographically how clinicians at a university-based transgender clinic in the United States responded to this challenge, I examine the U.S. health insurance system, insurance paperwork, and administrative procedures that shape transgender care delivery. To buffer the impact of the system’s failure to provide sufficient health insurance coverage for transgender care, clinicians blended administrative routines with psychological therapy, counseled people’s minds and finances, and leveraged the prestige of their clinic in attempts to create space for gender nonconforming embodiments in gender conservative insurance policies. My analysis demonstrates that in a market-based health insurance system with multiple payers and gender binary insurance rules, health care may be unaffordable, or remain financially challenging, even for transgender people with health insurance. Moreover, insurance carriers’ “reliance” on clinicians’ insurance-related labor is problematic as it exacerbates existing insurance barriers to the accessibility and affordability of transgender care and obscures the workings of a financial payment model that prioritizes economic expediency over gender nonconforming health.     

Toward Innovative,Cost-Effective,and Systemic Solutions to Improve Outcomes and Well-Being of Military Families Affected by Autism Spectrum Disorder

The burdens faced by military families who have a child with autism are unique. The usual challenges of securing diagnostic, treatment, and educational services are compounded by life circumstances that include the anxieties of war, frequent relocation and separation, and a demand structure that emphasizes mission readiness and service. Recently established military autism-specific health care benefits set the stage for community-viable and cost-effective solutions that can achieve better outcomes for children and greater well-being for families. Here we argue for implementation of evidence-based solutions focused on reducing age of diagnosis and improving access to early intervention, as well as establishment of a tiered menu of services, individualized to the child and family, that fit with the military ethos and system of health care. Absence of this new model of care could compromise the utility and sustainability of the autism-specific benefit.     

新型农村合作医疗单病种支付的管理方式探析

单病种支付作为一种合理控制医疗服务费用的方式,对医疗机构的行为有重要影响。调查发现新农合的单病种的支付方案多采取最高限价和定额补偿相结合的方式;支付标准的设计不尽合理;对医疗质量和过程缺乏监督;遵循临床路径率不高。建议：合理确定单病种支付标准,建立多方位的监督和考核机制,构建新农合单病种支付的管理模式,加强信息化建设。提高医疗机构与医务人员的积极性,实现控制费用、改善质量和提高管理效率的政策目标。     

药品可及性视角下国家基本药物制度实施效果评价

目的 研究基本药物制度对我国基层医疗卫生机构药品可及性的影响。方法 选取上海、江西、四川和重庆共24家基层医疗机构进行问卷调查和小组访谈。结果 基本药物制度实施后,基层医疗卫生机构药品的配备率、招标采购、配送时间以及患者药品负担得到了明显改善,药品零差率销售补偿机制不断完善。结论 我国基层医疗卫生机构基本药物的可及性不断提高,但是在目录遴选、招标采购、药品配送、人才队伍建设和补偿机构方面仍然存在着诸多问题。     

Health in China. The healthcare market.

It is now about 15 years since the introduction of the market into health care in China. This produced fundamental changes in the way that health care is financed and resulted in the disappearance of universal free basic health care. Responsibility for provision of health services has been devolved to the provincial and county governments, and healthcare providers have been given considerable financial independence. A fee for service system has been introduced, and several different payment mechanisms are now in operation. The new financing and pricing structures are responsible for greater inequity of access to services and more inefficient use of resources. These problems are widely acknowledged, and a range of solutions is being developed and tested. Since the introduction of the reforms the measurable health status of the population has not declined, probably as a result of overall improved socioeconomic conditions and a continued emphasis on prevention.     

实行医疗保险总额预付制改革的思考

总额预付制是由医保部门在对医疗机构进行评估后,计算出人均医疗费用,根据服务量和人均医疗费用,测算出医院的年度费用标准,按此费用标准向医院预付定额的医疗费。对上海医保总额预付制的模式、实施成效、存在的问题进行了思考和探讨,对总额预付的运用及改进提出了初步的设想,以此推动医疗保险付费方式改革的持续进展。     

Justice, HMOs, and the invisible rationing of health care resources

Fleck divides his paper on health care rationing into three parts. In the first part, he presents and critically assesses the moral problems posed by invisible rationing mechanisms. He claims that such mechanisms, by being localized, privitized, and unofficial, violate Rawls's publicity condition that is an essential part of our concept of justice. In the second part, he analyzes and criticizes the role that prospective payment mechanisms such as health maintenance organizations (HMOs), diagnosis-related groups (DRGs), and Great Britain's National Health Service play as invisible rationing mechanisms. He suggests that if HMOs could be structured so as to satisfy the publicity condition, a national system of HMOs could achieve cost containment objectives. In the third part of his paper, Fleck describes such a system of HMOs in detail, and assesses it from the perspective of justice.