| 紫茎泽兰与非洲狗尾草单、混种群落土壤酶活性和土壤养分的比较 |
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| 引用本文： | JIANG Zhi-Lin,刘万学,WAN Fang-Hao,李正跃.紫茎泽兰与非洲狗尾草单、混种群落土壤酶活性和土壤养分的比较[J].植物生态学报,2008,32(4):900-907. |
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| 作者姓名： | JIANG Zhi-Lin 刘万学 WAN Fang-Hao 李正跃 |
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| 作者单位： | 1 植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室, 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,北京 100094) ;(2 云南农业大学植物保护学院农业生物多样性与病虫害控制教育部重点实验室,昆明 650201) |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)
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国际科技合作项目
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云南省科技攻关计划
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国家科技支撑计划 |
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| 摘 要： | 植物对土壤有效养分的影响是植物竞争取胜的重要生态策略之一, 土壤酶活性对土壤有效养分的变化具有重要作用。该文研究了紫茎 泽兰(Ageratina adenophora)单种(A)、非洲狗尾草(Setaria sphacelata)单种(S)和两物种混种(A+S)群落4种重要的土壤酶活性和土壤养分的 变化及其规律, 并对土壤酶活性与土壤养分进行了相关分析。结果表明: 1)群落S土壤有效氮(NH4+-N和NO3--N)含量高于群落A对应养分含量, 而与群落A＋S该养分含量没有显著差异; 群落S土壤有效磷和有效钾含量低于群落A对应指标, 而群落A＋S其含量最低。2)群落S、A+S和A土壤蛋 白酶和脲酶活性的高低次序分别为S>A＋S>A、A＋S>S>A; 群落A+S、S和A磷酸酶活性依次升高; 群落A+S、A和S蔗糖酶活性依次降低。3)在生长 过程中, 3类群落土壤NO3--N、有效磷和有效钾含量在生长初期(5月)最高, 随后逐渐降低; 土壤NH4+-N含量呈现单峰趋势, 在生长后期(9月)最 高。3类群落土壤蛋白酶和蔗糖酶活性随生长时间推移而升高, 在生长末期(11月)最高; 土壤磷酸酶和脲酶酶活性在生长过程中呈现单峰趋势, 在生长旺盛期(7月)最高。3类群落间土壤酶活性与土壤肥力具有较一致的相关性。由此推断, 非洲狗尾草对土壤含氮化合物的活化能力比紫茎 泽兰强, 且在种间竞争中能够强烈抑制紫茎泽兰对土壤含磷、含钾化合物的活化能力是其竞争取胜的可能原因; 不同植物群落土壤酶活性的差 异是引起土壤有效养分变化的重要驱动机制之一。
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| 关 键 词： | 紫茎泽兰 非洲狗尾草 植物竞争 土壤酶活性 土壤养分 |
COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON SEASONAL DYNAMICS OF SOIL ENZYMATIC ACTIVITIES AND SOIL NUTRIENT AVAILABILITY IN MONO AND MIXED-CULTURE PLANT COMMUNITIES OF AGERATINA ADENOPHORA AND SETARIA SPHACLATA |
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| JIANG Zhi-Lin,LIU Wan-Xue,WAN Fang-Hao,LI Zheng-Yue.COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON SEASONAL DYNAMICS OF SOIL ENZYMATIC ACTIVITIES AND SOIL NUTRIENT AVAILABILITY IN MONO AND MIXED-CULTURE PLANT COMMUNITIES OF AGERATINA ADENOPHORA AND SETARIA SPHACLATA[J].Acta Phytoecologica Sinica,2008,32(4):900-907. |
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| Authors: | JIANG Zhi-Lin LIU Wan-Xue WAN Fang-Hao LI Zheng-Yue |
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| Affiliation: | 1State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100094, China;2Key Laboratory for Agricultural Biodiversity and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, Plant Protection College, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China |
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| Abstract: | Aims Our objectives were to determine: 1) the effect of different plant communities on soil enzymatic activities and soil nutrient availability to the plants, 2) the correlation between soil enzymatic activities and soil nutrient availability to the plants, and 3) the potential competition for resources among target species and competitive strategy of each species. Methods We correlated four soil enzyme activities and availability of three major soil nutrients (N, P and K) in three plant communities: monoculture of Ageratina adenophora (A), monoculture of Setaria sphacelata (S), and mixed culture of A. adenophora and S. sphacelata (A+S). Important findings Concentrations of soil NH4+-N and NO3--N in community A were significantly lower than in S and A+S (p<0.01), but there was no significant difference between A and A+S (p>0.05). The available P and K in all communities decreased significantly in the order of A>S>A+S (p<0.01). Soil protease and urease activities in all communities decreased in the order of S>A+S>A and A+S>S>A (p<0.01), respectively. Soil phosphatase and invertase activities increased in the order of A+S3--N and available P and K in all communities decreased with increasing plant age. Soil NH4+-N contents showed a unimodal concentration curve peaking in September. Soil protease and urease activities increased in all communities with peak values in November. The activities of other soil enzymes peaked only once in July. Correlations between soil enzymatic activities and soil nutrient availability were consistent in all communities. S. sphacelata showed higher net ammonification and nitrification rates as compared to A. adenophora, but S. sphacelata showed higher reduction in available P and K. This may explain why S. sphacelata out-competed A. adenophora in community A+S. The differences in soil enzymatic activities of the different plant communities are due to a potential mechanism that resulted in variations in the nutrients availability. |
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| Keywords: | Ageratina adenophora Setaria sphacelata plant competition soil enzymatic activity soil nutrients |
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