腹式呼吸训练法对COPD伴Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭患者肺通气状态、血气指标及运动耐力的影响

摘要 目的：探讨腹式呼吸训练法对慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）伴Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭患者肺通气状态、血气指标及运动耐力的影响。方法：选择我院2020年07月2022年12月期间收治的100例COPD伴Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭患者，根据随机数字表法将患者分为对照组[常规治疗基础上接受双水平气道正压（BIPAP）辅助通气，n=50]和研究组（对照组的基础上接受腹式呼吸训练法干预，n=50）。对比两组临床相关指标、肺通气状态、血气指标及运动耐力指标。结果：研究组的喘憋消失时间、体温恢复正常时间、住院时间、肺部啰音消失时间短于对照组（P<0.05）。两组干预1周后第1秒呼气的最大容积（FEV₁）、最大自主分钟通气量（MVV）、用力肺活量（FVC）均升高，且研究组高于对照组（P<0.05）。两组干预1周后氧分压（PaO2₂）、血氧饱和度（SpO₂）均升高，且研究组高于对照组；二氧化碳分压（PaCO₂）下降，且研究组低于对照组（P<0.05）。两组干预1周后6 min步行距离（6MWT）升高，且研究组高于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：腹式呼吸训练法有助于改善COPD伴Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭患者的临床症状，调节肺通气状态、血气指标，提高运动耐力。

Effect of Abdominal Breathing Training on Pulmonary Ventilation Status, Blood Gas Index and Exercise Endurance of COPD Patients with Type II Respiratory Failure

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the effect of abdominal breathing training on pulmonary ventilation status, blood gas index and exercise tolerance in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with type II respiratory failure. Methods: 100 patients with COPD with type II respiratory failure who were admitted to our hospital during July 2020 December 2022 were selected.According to random number table method, the patients were divided into control group [receiving bi-level positive airway pressure (BIPAP) assisted ventilation on the basis of routine treatment, n=50] and study group (receiving abdominal breathing training intervention on the basis of the control group, n=50). The clinical related indexes, pulmonary ventilation status, blood gas indexes and exercise endurance indexes were compared in the two groups. Results: The extinction time of suffocation, time for temperature to return to normal, hospital stay and time of lung rale disappearance in the study group were shorter than those in the control group (P<0.05). The maximum expiratory volume (FEV₁), maximum voluntary minute ventilation volume (MVV) and forced vital capacity (FVC) in the first second in the two groups at 1 week after intervention increased, and the study group was higher than the control group (P<0.05). The partial pressure of oxygen (PaO₂) and blood oxygen saturation (SpO₂) in the two groups at 1 week after intervention increased, and the study group was higher than the control group. The partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO₂) decreased, and the study group was lower than the control group (P<0.05). The 6-minute walking distance (6MWT) in the two groups at 1 week after intervention increased, and the study group was higher than the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Abdominal breathing training is helpful to improve the clinical symptoms of patients with COPD with type II respiratory failure, regulate pulmonary ventilation status, blood gas index, and improve exercise endurance.