Modulation of ethylene- and heat-controlled hyponastic leaf movement in Arabidopsis thaliana by the plant defence hormones jasmonate and salicylate |
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Authors: | van Zanten Martijn Ritsema Tita Polko Joanna K Leon-Reyes Antonio Voesenek Laurentius A C J Millenaar Frank F Pieterse Corné M J Peeters Anton J M |
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Institution: | (1) Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands;(2) Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Carl-von-Linn?-Weg 10, 50829 Cologne, Germany;(3) Plant–Microbe Interactions, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands;(4) Centre for BioSystems Genomics, P.O. Box 98, 6700 AB Wageningen, The Netherlands;(5) Present address: AMT, Meibergdreef 61, 1105 BA Amsterdam, The Netherlands;(6) Present address: Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Diego de Robles Y V?a Interoce?nica (Cumbaya), 17-1200-841 Quito, Ecuador;(7) Present address: Monsanto, Leeuwenhoekweg 52, 2660 BB Bergschenhoek, The Netherlands |
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Abstract: | Upward leaf movement (hyponastic growth) is adopted by several plant species including Arabidopsis thaliana, as a mechanism to escape adverse growth conditions. Among the signals that trigger hyponastic growth are, the gaseous hormone
ethylene, low light intensities, and supra-optimal temperatures (heat). Recent studies indicated that the defence-related
phytohormones jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA) synthesized by the plant upon biotic infestation repress low light-induced
hyponastic growth. The hyponastic growth response induced by high temperature (heat) treatment and upon application of the
gaseous hormone ethylene is highly similar to the response induced by low light. To test if these environmental signals induce
hyponastic growth via parallel pathways or converge downstream, we studied here the roles of Methyl-JA (MeJA) and SA on ethylene-
and heat-induced hyponastic growth. For this, we used a time-lapse camera setup. Our study includes pharmacological application
of MeJA and SA and biological infestation using the JA-inducing caterpillar Pieris rapae as well as mutants lacking JA or SA signalling components. The data demonstrate that MeJA is a positive, and SA, a negative regulator of ethylene-induced hyponastic growth and that
both hormones repress the response to heat. Taking previous studies into account, we conclude that SA is the first among many
tested components which is repressing hyponastic growth under all tested inductive environmental stimuli. However, since MeJA
is a positive regulator of ethylene-induced hyponastic growth and is inhibiting low light- and heat-induced leaf movement,
we conclude that defence hormones control hyponastic growth by affecting stimulus-specific signalling pathways. |
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