Anaerobic Balanoposthitis: Two Cases and Review of the Literature |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030;2. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030;4. Baylor College of Medicine, Ben Tayb General Hospital, Houston, TX, 77030;3. Baylor College of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX, 77030;1. Unité de recherche clinique, centre hospitalier Henri-Laborit, université de Poitiers, 370, avenue Jacques-Cœur, CS 10587, 86021 Poitiers cedex, France;2. Institut de cardiologie, groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France;1. Allergy Unit, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zurich, Gloriastrasse 31, Zurich 8091, Switzerland;2. Christine-Kühne Center for Allergy Research and Education CK-CARE, Herman-Burchard-Strasse 1, 7265 Davos Wolfgang, Switzerland;3. Mycology Laboratory, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zurich, Gloriastrasse 31, Zurich 8091, Switzerland;1. Preventive Medicine Department, School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;2. University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, EUA, United States;3. State University of Rio de Janeiro, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;4. Instituto de Puericultura e Pediatria Martagão Gesteira, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;1. Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai St. Luke''s and Mount Sinai West Hospital Center, New York, NY, United States;2. Department of Infectious Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai St. Luke''s and Mount Sinai West Hospital Center, New York, NY, United States;1. Department of Paediatric Urology, Klinik St. Hedwig, University Medical Center of Regensburg, Steinmetzstr. 1-3, 93049 Regensburg, Germany;2. Department of Pathology, University Medical Center of Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany;1. Departamento de Urología, Fundació Puigvert, Universistat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, España;2. Departamento de Oncología Médica, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, España |
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| Abstract: | Anaerobic balanoposthitis is an infection of the glans penis and prepuce caused by anaerobic Gram-negative rods. It is characterized by intense inflammation and edema of the prepuce, superficial ulcers on the glans penis, foul-smelling subpreputial discharge, and bilateral inguinal lymphadenopathy. Infection tends to be locally destructive with severe tenderness of the penis and can result in considerable necrosis and tissue damage. The presence of a tight foreskin and sub-optimal hygienic practices seem to be a prerequisite for this condition to develop. Anaerobic Gram-negative rods belonging to the genus Bacteroides are the most commonly incriminated in the pathogenesis. Possible modes of transmission include contact with infected mucosal surfaces, such as during sexual intercourse, contamination by colonized saliva, or extension from the perirectal area. We report the first two cases of anaerobic balanoposthitis in HIV-positive patients and review the literature. Both patients had a previous history of sexually transmitted diseases and practiced sub-optimal hygiene. In both cases response to therapy was complete within 48–72 h. |
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