Taxonomy of spirochetes |
| |
| Institution: | 1. Institute of Oral Biology, Dental Faculty, University of Oslo, Norway;2. Department of Molecular Genetics, The Forsyth Institute, Boston, MA, USA;1. LMU Munich, Department Biology II, Großhaderner Str. 2, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany;2. Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, Department of Marine Zoology, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany;3. SNSB-Bavarian State Collection of Zoology, Münchhausenstr.21, 81247 Munich, Germany;1. Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, PR China;2. Homey Group Co. Ltd, Rongcheng, 264306, PR China;3. College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, PR China;1. Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST), Tancha 1919-1, Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan;2. Tokai University, 3-20-1, Orido, Shimizu, Shizuoka 424-8610, Japan;3. Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka 237-0061, Japan;1. Division of Clinical Immunology, Advanced Clinical Research Center, IMSUT Hospital, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan;2. Department of Laboratory Medicine, IMSUT Hospital, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan;3. Department of Rheumatology and Allergy, IMSUT Hospital, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan;4. Department of Pathology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan;5. Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Florida, 1600 SW Archer Road, Box 100278, Room MSB M410A, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA;1. Department of Oil Application and Management Engineering, Logistical Engineering University, Chongqing 401311, China;;2. Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Logistical Engineering University, Chongqing, 401311, China;;3. Ministry of Supplies and Oil, Chengdu Military Region, Chengdu 610015, China |
| |
| Abstract: | The taxonomy of spirochetes has improved considerably over the last few years. Even non-cultivable spirochetes have been classified and identified and highly discriminating analytical methods have been used to distinguish these unique organisms. The present article reviews major characteristics and techniques that have been applied in recent molecular taxonomy and chemotaxonomy of spirochetes. These comprise cellular lipids, carbohydrates, peptidoglycan, enzymes, cell proteins, cytoplasmic fibrils, metabolites, genome size, structure and base composition, restriction endonuclease analysis, restriction fragment length polymorphism, multilocus enzyme electrophoresis, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, DNA-DNA hybridization, arbitrarily primed polymerase chain reaction/randomly amplified polymorphic DNA fingerprinting, ribosomal (r) RNA cataloguing and sequencing, characterization of intergenic spacer regions of rRNA genes, ospA, lipoprotein and flagellin gene sequencing, and rRNA gene organization. Characteristics and techniques such as those listed above have contributed to the recognition of new spirochetal genera and species and have made spirochetal taxonomy polyphasic. Despite these improvements, significant reservoirs of hitherto unrecognized spirochetal diversity probably still exist. |
| |
| Keywords: | |
| 本文献已被 ScienceDirect 等数据库收录！ |
|
