秦岭生态保护区鱼类多样性研究

实地鱼类资源考察、检视鱼类标本以及参考鱼类分类、分布文献表明,秦岭生态保护区现有鱼类7目16科79属共141种(亚种)。物种多样性G-F指数的比较分析显示,和秦岭其他区域相比,秦岭生态保护区鱼类的物种多样性最高:区内不同水系之间相比,则汉江水系最高。利用β多样性指数和Jaccard相似性系数对秦岭生态保护区4条水系的鱼类多样性进行分析,结果显示区内鱼类分布南北差异明显;南坡的3条水系中,南洛河水系和嘉陵江水系鱼类生境相似程度较高,鱼类种、属分化、隔离程度较低,而与汉江水系的生境差异显著,鱼类种属分化、隔离程度较高。根据区内自然地理及水系特征,对水系间鱼类β多样性出现的差异进行了分析。

Study on diversity of fishes in Qinling Ecological Protection Zone

We studied the biodiversity of freshwater fishes in the river systems in Qinling Ecological Protection Zone.According to the result of field survey,examination of fish specimen and references on taxonomy of fishes,the diversity of fishes species in Qinling Ecological Protection Zone was very high,with 141 species or subspecies belonging to 79 genera,16 families and 7 orders.Compared with the adjacent zones,the G-F index analysis showed that diversity of fishes in Qinling Ecological Protection Zone was ranked the first,and the index in Hanjiang was the highest in the river systems of this zone.The results of β diversity and Jaccard similarity analysis indicated that there was a significant difference in fishes distribution and composition between the south and north slope river systems.For the three river systems of south slope,the living surrounding of Nanluo and Jialing river systems was similar for fish,and there was less isolation in species and genera of fishes.While it was different for Hanjiang river system,in which there was higher isolation in species and genera of fishes.The reasons responsible for such differences were also discussed in the paper.