牛蒡组织培养和高频植株再生的研究

通过对牛蒡(A rctium lapp a L.)不同外植体、不同激素配比的比较研究,建立了牛蒡离体培养高效植株再生体系.牛蒡子叶与下胚轴切段在含2.0 m g/L 2,4-D和0.5~2.0 m g/L BA的M S培养基中愈伤组织诱导率可以达到87%~100%;在1.0~3.0 m g/L NAA和0.5~2.0 m g/L BA的M S培养基上通过愈伤组织间接分化或外植体直接分化形成不定芽,其中愈伤组织分化率可达100%;下胚轴的分化率明显高于子叶,在1.0 m g/L NAA和1.0 m g/L BA的M S培养基上下胚轴直接分化率达77.3%.组织学观察发现牛蒡再生有器官发生和体细胞胚发生两种途径.将生长状态良好的不定芽转至含1.0 m g/L IBA和1.0 m g/L NAA的1/2 M S培养基上生根,移栽,成活率达到93.3%.从诱导愈伤组织到组培苗在珍珠岩中过渡成活,大约需要13周.组培苗次年开花并结实,生长形态特征正常.

Tissue Culture and High-efficiency Plant Regeneration of Arctium lappa

Different Arctium lappa L.explants and the compounding proportions of different hormones were comparatively studied in tissue culture and thereafter a high-efficiency plant-regeneration system by in vitro A.lappa culture.On MS mediums containing 2.0 mg/L 2,4-D and 0.5~2.0 mg/L BA,cotyledon and hypocotyl pieces could be induced to produce callus at 87%~100%;On MS medium containing 1.0~3.0 mg/L NAA and 0.5~2.0 mg/L BA,the callues could indirectly differentiate or the explants could directly differentiate to form adventitious buds and the differentiation rate of the calli could reached as high as 100%;The hypocotyls differentiated at a higher rate than the cotyledons and their direct differentiation rate amounted to 77.3% on MS medium containing 1.0 mg/L NAA and 1.0 mg/L BA.A.lappa was histochemically found capable of regenerating by two approaches,organogenesis and embryogenesis.Well-growing adventitious buds were inoculated on 1/2 MS medium containing 1.0 mg/L NAA and 1.0 mg/L BA for their rooting and thereafter transplanted,and their survival rate reached 93.3%.It approximately took 13 weeks to complete the transition from callus induction to in vitro plantlet transplantation to perlite matrix.The in vitro plantlets flowered in the following year and presented a normal morphology in their growth.