Modulation of Antibody Responses against Gnathostoma spinigerum in Mice Immunized with Crude Antigen Formulated in CpG Oligonucleotide and Montanide ISA720 |
| |
Authors: | Pewpan M. Intapan Chakrit Hirunpetcharat Churairat Kularbkaew Wiboonchai Yutanawiboonchai Penchom Janwan Wanchai Maleewong |
| |
Affiliation: | 1.Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.;2.Research and Diagnostic Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.;3.Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.;4.Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand. |
| |
Abstract: | This study aimed to investigate the antibody responses in mice immunized with Gnathostoma spinigerum crude antigen (GsAg) incorporated with the combined adjuvant, a synthetic oligonucleotide containing unmethylated CpG motif (CpG ODN 1826) and a stable water in oil emulsion (Montanide ISA720). Mice immunized with GsAg and combined adjuvant produced all antibody classes and subclasses to GsAg except IgA. IgG2a/2b/3 but not IgG1 subclasses were enhanced by immunization with CpG ODN 1826 when compared with the control groups immunized with non-CpG ODN and Montanide ISA or only with Montanide ISA, suggesting a biased induction of a Th1-type response by CpG ODN. After challenge infection with live G. spinigerum larvae, the levels of IgG2a/2b/3 antibody subclasses decreased immediately and continuously, while the IgG1 subclass remained at high levels. This also corresponded to a continuous decrease of the IgG2a/IgG1 ratio after infection. Only IgM and IgG1 antibodies, but not IgG2a/2b/3, were significantly produced in adjuvant control groups after infection. These findings suggest that G. spinigerum infection potently induces a Th2-type biased response. |
| |
Keywords: | Gnathostoma spinigerum CpG oligonucleotide Th1-type response Th2-type response nematode immunity |
|
|