Sequence of the Tomato Chloroplast DNA and Evolutionary Comparison of Solanaceous Plastid Genomes |
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Authors: | Sabine Kahlau Sue Aspinall John C Gray Ralph Bock |
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Institution: | (1) Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Am Mühlenberg 1, Potsdam-Golm, D-14476, Germany;(2) Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, UK |
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Abstract: | Tomato, Solanum lycopersicum (formerly Lycopersicon esculentum), has long been one of the classical model species of plant genetics. More recently, solanaceous species have become a model
of evolutionary genomics, with several EST projects and a tomato genome project having been initiated. As a first contribution
toward deciphering the genetic information of tomato, we present here the complete sequence of the tomato chloroplast genome
(plastome). The size of this circular genome is 155,461 base pairs (bp), with an average AT content of 62.14%. It contains
114 genes and conserved open reading frames (ycfs). Comparison with the previously sequenced plastid DNAs of Nicotiana tabacum and Atropa belladonna reveals patterns of plastid genome evolution in the Solanaceae family and identifies varying degrees of conservation of individual
plastid genes. In addition, we discovered several new sites of RNA editing by cytidine-to-uridine conversion. A detailed comparison
of editing patterns in the three solanaceous species highlights the dynamics of RNA editing site evolution in chloroplasts.
To assess the level of intraspecific plastome variation in tomato, the plastome of a second tomato cultivar was sequenced.
Comparison of the two genotypes (IPA-6, bred in South America, and Ailsa Craig, bred in Europe) revealed no nucleotide differences,
suggesting that the plastomes of modern tomato cultivars display very little, if any, sequence variation.
Electronic Supplementary Material Electronic Supplementary material is available for this article at
and accessible for authorised users.
Reviewing Editor: Rüdiger Cerff] |
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Keywords: | Lycopersicon esculentum Solanum lycopersicum Plastid Plastid genome RNA editing Intraspecific variation |
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