Activation of B cells by non-canonical helper signals |
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Authors: | Andrea Cerutti Montserrat Cols Irene Puga |
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Institution: | 1] Catalan Institute for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, Avenida Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain [2] Institut de Recerca Hospital del Mar (IMIM), Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, Avenida Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain [3] Immunology Institute, Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10029, USA. |
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Abstract: | Cognate interaction between T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system is essential for the production of high-affinity antibodies against microbes, and for the establishment of long-term immunological memory. Growing evidence shows that-in addition to presenting antigens to T and B cells-macrophages, dendritic cells and other cells of the innate immune system provide activating signals to B cells, as well as survival signals to antibody-secreting plasma cells. Here, we discuss how these innate immune cells contribute to the induction of highly diversified and temporally sustained antibody responses, both systemically and at mucosal sites of antigen entry. |
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Keywords: | B cells NKT cells eosinophils neutrophils basophils immunoglobulins |
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