泥河湾盆地梅沟和苇地坡旧石器时代晚期地点

通过对河北省阳原县泥河湾盆地梅沟和苇地坡两个旧石器时代晚期地点的试掘,发现细石器和小石器文化层共存于同一剖面,从而为研究该盆地和华北地区细石器传统与小石器传统的关系提供了新的线索。文化遗存埋藏于桑干河二级阶地中下部、底砾层之上,出土的石制品工艺和时代特征鲜明,与西白马营地点风格一致,属于小石器文化传统,时代处于晚更新世末期。

The Late Paleolithic Localities at Meigou and Weidipo in the Nihewan Basin

Meigou and Weidipo Paleolithic localities are situated respectively near Xishuidi and Hutouliang Villages in the central part of the Nihewan Basin,Yangyuan County,Hebei Province.The cultural remains lie in the second terrace of the Sangganhe River.Both of the sections include two major parts of cultural remains.The upper is the Hutouliang microlithic cultural layer.From the lower part of the two localities a total of 57 stone artifacts analyzed in this report were unearthed during the tentative excavation in 1998 and 1999.They were buried above the bottom gravel layers of the tarrace.Based on geomorphology and relative dating results,the age of the artifacts should be estimated to range from 18 to 14Ka BP,i.e.the late Upper Pleistocene. Among the seven kinds of raw material utilized at the localities,chert is the main one for producing tools,and vein quartz plays an important role.Agate,tuff and quartzite,etc.were also used.The implements are mostly side-scrapers.The general featuers of these artifacts show that they bear a strong resemblance to those of Locality Xibaimaying.Furthermore,no microlithic technique factors were found among these discoveries.Thus it is considered that they belong to the traditional small flake-tool industry in North China and are different from those of the microblade one.Though the two kinds of cultural layers namely microblade and small flake-tool industries lie together in the same section at Meigou and Weidipo localities and are dated to the approximate period,the technological difference between them is notable.It is supposed that the future excavation and further study of this kind of cultural remains may provide new lights on the relationship of the Upper Paleolithic cultures,especially on the origin of the Hutouliang microlithic culture characterized mainly by wedge-shaped microcores in the Nihewan Basin and North China.