利用mtDNA序列及形态特征重新鉴定福建长乐搁浅喙鲸

<正>中国大陆沿岸属大陆棚水域,常见的齿鲸物种以近岸型的海豚科(Delphinidae)、小抹香鲸科(Kogiidae)及鼠海豚科(Phocaenidae)动物为主(王丕烈,2012),而喙鲸科(Ziphiidae)发现纪录相对较少,近年来仅由王丕烈等(2011)针对喙鲸科的中喙鲸属(Mesoplodon)标本进行检视校正,认为中国大陆沿岸存在柏氏中喙鲸

Using mtDNA sequences and morphological characters to re-identify stranded beaked whales in Fujian Province,China

We reexamined two mysterious beaked whale specimens stranded in Changle city of Fujian Province for species identification based on mtDNA sequences and morphological characters．By using DNA sequence similarity, genetic distance comparisons, and phylogenetic reconstruction analysis, three species were identified based on mtDNA fragments of control region and cytochrome b gene of different skeletal elements．They were Mesoplodon ginkgodens, M. densirostris and Physeter macrocephalus． Among the skeletal elements,we found that mandibles of the two Mesoplodon specimens had been exchanged during specimen preparation. In addition, teeth of both Mesoplodon specimens were lost and two teeth located inthe mandible of M. densirostris were identified as P. macrocephalus．After removing the Physeter teeth from the specimenand setting the mandibles to right positions, we describe the morphological characteristics of the two beaked whale skulls. Based on molecular evidence,skull characters and photos/ videos of the two stranding events, we conclude that the Mesoplodon stranded in Jiuzhamen beach of Changle city on 28th Sep. 2008 was a female M. densirostris, and the other onebeached at Shiqikong, Wenwusha county, Changle city on 12th Nov. 2008 was one male M. ginkgodens． Our study alsoconfirmed the first record of M. ginkgodens in Mainland China．