蚁巢表层土壤温湿度对不同发育阶段红火蚁数量的影响(英文)

红火蚁一种攻击性非常强的外来入侵蚂蚁,可对入侵地的农业生产、生态系统、人体健康和公共安全等产生负面影响,温度和湿度是影响其生长和发育的重要环境因子.本研究评估了红火蚁蚁巢表层土壤温、湿度对红火蚁幼虫、有翅蚁蛹和有翅蚁成虫数量的影响.结果表明,随着土壤温度的升高,幼虫、有翅蚁蛹和有翅蚁成虫的数量都呈先升高后下降的趋势.当温度为26～30℃时,幼虫数量达到最大值,而当温度为20～25℃时,有翅蚁蛹和有翅蚁成虫数量达到最大值.当温度<20℃时,有翅蚁成虫和幼虫的数量均与土壤相对湿度呈负相关,但是有翅蚁雌雄蛹的数量都与相对湿度呈正相关.当温度<20℃时,在相对湿度为41％ ～50％时,雄性有翅蚁的数量达到最大值,在相对湿度为71％ ～80％时,有翅蚁蛹的数量达到最大值.本研究将对防治这种危险的入侵害虫提供理论依据.

Effect of soil temperature and relative humidity on the quantity of different developmental stages of Solenopsis invicta Buren in the surface layer of its nest

Solenopsis invicta is an aggressive invasive species which can cause serious negative impact in agriculture, ecology, human health, and public safety in its introduced regions. Temperature and humidity are important environmental factors affecting survival, growth, and development of S. invicta. In this study, the effects of soil temperature and soil relative humidity ( RH) were evaluated on the quantity of larvae, alate pupae and alates of S. invicta in the 10-cm deep surface layer of their nests. The results found that the numbers of immature stages initially increased and then decreased with increasing soil temperature. The maximum of larvae in the 10-cm deep surface layer occurred in the 26 ～30℃range, while those of alates and pupae of alates occurred in the range of 20 ～25℃. The numbers of alates and larvae were all negatively correlated with soil RH when the soil temperature was < 20℃, whereas the numbers of pupae of male and female alates were positively correlated with soil RH. Meanwhile, when the temperature was below 20℃, the maximum of male alates and larvae occurred in the range of 41％ ～50％soil RH, and the numbers of pupae of alates were largest in the range of 71％ ～80％ soil RH. Our findings may contribute to the control of the pest.