非基因型雌激素膜性受体GPR30在生后雌性大鼠海马内的发育学表达与亚细胞水平定位研究

为了研究非基因型雌激素膜性受体GPR30对海马的结构和功能的调节作用，应用硫酸镍铵增强显色的免疫组化技术以及酶标免疫电镜技术，观察了生后雌性大鼠海马内GPR30表达的变化及其免疫阳性产物在神经元亚细胞水平的定位情况．结果显示，GPR30免疫阳性产物主要位于海马CA区的锥体层神经元与齿状回颗粒层的神经元内，其表达水平随发育呈增加趋势．P0时在雌性大鼠海马未发现明显GPR30免疫阳性反应，P7后免疫阳性物质开始在CA2出现，P14时见于 CA1、CA2和齿状回，P30和P60主要见于CA1、CA2、CA3和齿状回．在光镜下，GPR30免疫阳性产物位于细胞核外的胞浆中，细胞核未见免疫阳性反应．在透射电镜下可见其位于神经元的胞浆内，可能主要是粗面内质网，也可见于线粒体和细胞膜．以上结果证实，GPR30是一种位于细胞核外的、非基因型作用的雌激素受体，可能参与了雌激素对海马锥体神经元突触可塑性和学习记忆等功能的调节，还可能参与了对齿状回成年神经干细胞某些活动的调节．

Developmental Profile and Subcellular Localization of The Non-genomic Membranous Estrogen Receptor GPR30 in The Hippocampus of Postnatal Female Rats

To study the role that the novel nongenomic membranous estrogen receptor GPR30 plays in the hippocampal synaptic plasticity, the developmental profile and subcellular localization of GPR30 in the hippocampus of postnatal female rats was examined by nickel-intensified immunohistochemistry and immunoelectronic microscopy. Results showed that the immunoreactivity of the GPR30 was predominantly localized in the neurons of the hippocampal pyramidal layer of the CAs and grannual layer of the dentate gyrus, and an increased profile with postnatal development was also noticed. GPR30 immunoreactivity was first detected at P7 in the CA2, at P14 it was detected in the CA1, CA2 and dentate gyrus, hereafter it was detected in the CA1, CA2, CA3 and dentate gyrus with higher expression in the adults (P60). Under light microscopy GPR30 immunopositive materials were found in the cytoplasm of the neurons, while under electronic microscopy they were localized in the membranous structure of the neuronal cytoplasm, predominantly the rough endoplasmic reticulum. The above results demonstrated that GPR30 is a membranous estrogen receptor, showing an increased expression profile in the hippocampus of postnatal female rats, it may mediate the rapid, non-genomic effect of estrogen on the morphology and function of the hippocampus, such as morphological maturation, synaptic plasticity, learning and memory.