磷脂酶D1信号对神经干细胞向神经分化的重要影响

磷脂酶D1(PLD1)在细胞生长、存活、分化、膜转运和细胞骨架组织等多种功能的调控中发挥重要作用。近年来研究发现，PLD1在神经干细胞（NSCs）向神经元的分化中也起关键作用。PLD1参与多种信号通路如Rho家族GTP酶和Ca²⁺信号通路的调节，影响轴突生长、突触发育及其可塑性。因此，PLD1作为神经系统中一种重要的信号分子引起了广泛的关注。本文综述了PLD1的结构、功能、作用机制及其在NSCs向神经分化中的调控作用，对深入研究NSCs的分化和神经元的再生有重要的指导意义。

Significant effect of phospholipase D1 signal in neuron differentiation of neural stem cell

Phospholipase D1 (PLD1) plays crucial roles in regulating multiple cell functions, including cell growth, survival, differentiation, membrane trafficking and cytoskeletal organization. Recent studies suggest that PLD1 also plays key roles in the regulation of neuronal differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs). PLD1 is involved in the regulation of Rho family GTPases and Ca²⁺ dependent signaling pathways, which affect axon growth, synaptic development and plasticity. Thus, PLD1 has now attracted much attention as an essential neuronal signaling molecule in nervous system. In this review, we summarize the structure and function of PLD1 as well as its control in neuronal differentiation of NSCs and mechanisms. It is of great significance to shed light on the further study the differentiation of NSCs and neural regeneration