金龟子绿僵菌颗粒剂加工的关键因子优化研究

对在金龟子绿僵菌颗粒剂中关键的3个因子（载体、促活剂和加水量）进行了研究。结果表明，10种载体对金龟子绿僵菌孢子萌发都没有显著地影响，其中钙质膨润土、高岭土、滑石粉、活性白土和轻质碳酸钙可以提高孢子的贮存活性。两种促活剂海藻糖和酪氨酸都能显著促进孢子的萌发，促进率分别为15.12%－24.88%和15.06%－29.67%，浓度间差异并不明显。加水量对载体成粒性和造粒产热的影响非常明显，通过调节加水量可以大幅提高载体成粒率和降低造粒温度。通过回归分析和计算得到了各载体成粒率大于?90%?的适宜加水量和其对应的造粒温度。钙质膨润土的适宜加水量和对应造粒温度分别为19.1%－25.0%和50.2－54.5℃，高岭土分别为35.0%－40.0%和55.1－56.2℃，滑石粉分别为27.2%－40.0%和50.4－51.1℃，活性白土分别为18.3%－25.0%和51.3－53.6℃，轻质碳酸钙分别为40.8%－45.0%和49.7－56.1℃。优化后的颗粒剂可以有效延长孢子的贮存期。

Optimization of the key factors for processing the granule formulation of Metarhizium anisopliae

The factors of carriers,accelerant additives and water addition were the key factors in granule formulation processing of Metarhizium anisopliae.After study the influence of these factors on conidial viability,we found that ten examined carriers had no significantly negative effects on conidial germination.Of these,on the contrary,the calcium bentonite,kaolin,pulvistalci,floridin and light calcium carbonate could improve the shelf-life of fungal conidia.Two types of accelerant agents,i.e.,trehalose and tyrosine,could significantly improve the conidia germination with varying rates at 15.12%-24.88% and 15.06%-29.67%,respectively.The effects of water addition on granulation ratio and granulation temperature were obviously correlated.By regression analyses,the suitable addition of water was optimized for reaching more than 90% granulation ratio and obtaining corresponding granulation temperature.The suitable additional quantity of water and suitable granulation temperature for calcium bentonite were 19.1%-25.0% and 50.2-54.5℃,for kaolin 35.0%40.0% and 55.1-56.2℃,for pulvistalci 27.2%-40.0% and 50.4-51.1℃,for floridin 18.3%-25.0% and 51.3-53.6℃ and for light calcium carbonate 40.8%-45.0% and 49.7-56.1℃,respectively.The shelf-life of formulated conidia could be effectively prolonged during storage.