云南野生稻不同染色体组型和外植体材料的离体培养研究

云南野生稻不同外植体愈伤组织诱导能力差别较大。花粉培养中愈伤组织诱导率差异在0％～11．8％之间，用成熟胚诱导愈伤组织，其诱导率在18．0％～35．2％之间，茎叶培养则在12．0％～25．0％之间。云南野生稻不同外植体诱导的愈伤组织再分化为绿苗的分化率在8．3％～100．0％之间。疣粒稻组培特性最好，东乡普通野生稻和景洪普通野生稻次之，药用稻最难组培。本文建立了疣粒、东乡、景洪普野3种野生稻的离体无性系，为长期保存云南野生稻资源奠定了基础。

Research on in vitro culture of different genome types and different explants of Yunnan wild rice species

The in vitro culture abilities of callus induction were quite different among several Yunnan wild rice species.In anther culture,callus induction rates varied from 0% to 11.8%.Induction ratios of callus fluctuated between 18.0% and 35.2% in mature embryo culture.When young leaves or stems were used to induce callus,the frequencies were from 12.0% to 25%.The plant regeneration rates of calli induced from different explants of Yunnan wild rice varied from 8.3% to 100.0%.The performance of Oryza meyeriana in vitro culture was the best among all used wild species.Dongxiang and Jinghong types of O.rufipogon had higher in vitro culture abilities than O.officinalis.The in vitro asexual propagation lines were established on O.meyeriana?Dongxiang and Jinghong types of O.rufipogon,thus this paper provides a useful approach to conserve the genetic resources of Yunnan wild rice.