SDF-1 alpha induces chemotaxis and enhances Sonic hedgehog-induced proliferation of cerebellar granule cells |
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Authors: | Klein R S Rubin J B Gibson H D DeHaan E N Alvarez-Hernandez X Segal R A Luster A D |
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Affiliation: | Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA. rklein@partners.org |
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Abstract: | The chemokine SDF-1 alpha (CXC12) and its receptor CXCR4 have been shown to play a role in the development of normal cerebellar cytoarchitecture. We report here that SDF-1 alpha both induces chemotactic responses in granule precursor cells and enhances granule cell proliferative responses to Sonic hedgehog. Chemotactic and proliferative responses to SDF-1 alpha are greater in granule cells obtained from cerebella of animals in the first postnatal week, coinciding with the observed in vivo peak in cerebellar CXCR4 expression. SDF-1 alpha activation of neuronal CXCR4 differs from activation of CXCR4 in leukocytes in that SDF-1 alpha-induced calcium flux is activity dependent, requiring predepolarization with KCl or pretreatment with glutamate. However, as is the case in leukocytes, neuronal responses to SDF-1 alpha are all abolished by pretreatment of granule cells with pertussis toxin, suggesting they occur through G(alpha i) activation. In conclusion, SDF-1 alpha plays a role in two important processes of granule cell maturation - proliferation and migration - assisting in the achievement of appropriate cell number and position in the cerebellar cortex. |
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