土壤微生物生态过程与微生物功能基因多样性

土壤微生物在陆地生态系统中具有重要的生态功能，包括参与地球化学物质循环、污染物降解、环境剧烈变化的缓冲等.土壤微生物的生态功能与土壤功能联系密切，微生物群落结构与组成变化会直接影响土壤功能的发挥.土壤微生物通过具有生物活性的酶参与一系列的代谢活动，编码酶的功能基因成为微生物功能标记物.近10年中，以功能基因多样性为核心的分子生态学研究迅速发展，为从功能基因角度了解土壤微生物的生态功能提供了一个新的切入点.本文综述了与土壤微生物生态功能相关的功能基因多样性研究进展，并对该领域的发展前景提出展望.

Soil microbial ecological process and microbial functional gene diversity

Soil microbes in terrestrial ecosystem carry out a series of important ecological functions, such as geo-ehemieal cycling of elements, degradation of pollutants, and buffering to the acute changes of environment, etc. Soil microbial ecological function has a dose relation with soil function, and the changes in the structure and composition of soil microbial populations can directly affect the realization of soil function. Through their produced enzymes, soil microbes take part in a series of metabolic activities, and the funetional genes of coded enzymes are the functional markers of microbes, in reeent ten years, molecular ecology foeusing on the functional gene diversity has been developed rapidly, whieh gives us a new cut-in point to understand soil microbial eeologieal function from the point of functional gene. This paper reviewed the research advances in the funetional gene diversity correlated to soil microbial ecological funetion, with the perspectives in this field discussed.