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Effect of substrate mechanics on chondrocyte adhesion to modified alginate surfaces |
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| Authors: | Genes Nicholas G Rowley Jonathan A Mooney David J Bonassar Lawrence J |
| Institution: | a Center for Tissue Engineering, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA b Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA c Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA |
| Abstract: | This study characterized the attachment of chondrocytes to RGD-functionalized alginate by examining the effect of substrate stiffness on cell attachment and morphology. Bovine chondrocytes were added to wells coated with 2% alginate or RGD-alginate. The alginate was crosslinked with divalent cations ranging from 1.25 to 62.5 mmol/g alginate. Attachment to RGD-alginate was 10-20 times higher than attachment to unmodified alginate and was significantly inhibited by antibodies to integrin subunits α3 and β1, cytochalasin-D, and soluble RGD peptide. The equilibrium level and rate of attachment increased with crosslink density and substrate stiffness. Substrate stiffness also regulated chondrocyte morphology, which changed from a rounded shape with nebulous actin on weaker substrates to a predominantly flat morphology with actin stress fibers on stiffer substrates. The dependence of attachment on integrins and substrate stiffness suggests that chondrocyte integrins may play a role in sensing the mechanical properties of the matrices to which they are attached. |
| Keywords: | Chondrocyte Mechanotransduction Attachment Cytoskeleton Alginate Integrin |
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