塔里木兔与家兔胰腺水通道蛋白表达的比较

通过检测塔里木兔（Lepus yarcandensis）胰腺中水通道蛋白（aquaporin，AQP）1和4的表达及分布情况，以探讨水通道蛋白在塔里木兔适应干旱缺水环境中的作用。采用常规 H.E染色观察塔里木兔胰腺组织学结构，采用免疫组织化学法检测AQP1和AQP4在胰腺中的分布位置及表达，并与家兔（Oryctolagus curiculus）进行比较。结果显示，AQP1在胰腺微血管内皮细胞、血细胞、泡心细胞和小叶内导管上皮细胞均有表达；AQP4在小叶间导管基底膜和胰岛细胞膜上有表达。与家兔相比，AQP1 在塔里木兔胰腺外分泌部的表达较弱，而在小叶内导管的表达较强；AQP4在塔里木兔胰腺内分泌部的表达较低。以上结果说明，AQP1在塔里木兔胰腺小叶内导管的表达上调，推测可能加强了浓缩胰液的能力，以尽量保住体内的水分，这是塔里木兔对干旱缺水环境的适应性调节。与家兔相比，塔里木兔胰腺AQP1和AQP4的表达均较低，说明塔里木兔胰腺水液代谢能力比家兔低，这可能与塔里木兔所食食物营养匮乏有关。

Aquaporin Expression in Pancrease of Yarkand Hares and Domestic Rabbits

We investigated the expression of aquaporins (AQP) 1 and 4 in pancrease of Yarkand hares (Lepus yarcandensis) to understand the role of AQP in adaptation to the drought environment. We observed the histological structure of pancrease in Yarkand hares by using H.E staining, detected expressions of AQP1 and AQP4 in pancrease by using immunohistochemistry, and compared these data with those domestic rabbits (Oryctolagus curiculus). Results showed that AQP1 was localized in microvascular endothelial cells, blood cells, centroacinar cells and intralobular ducts basal membrane. AQP4 was localized in the acinus and tralobular duct basal membrane, and pancreatic islet cell membrane. Compared with domestic rabbits, except for intralobular ducts, the expression of AQP1 was lower in the pancreas of Yarkand hares. And the expression of AQP4 was lower in the endocrine portion. These results indicate that the Yarkand hare has increased expression of AQP1 in intralobular ducts of pancrease, which may improve the ability for adaptation to the arid environment, and strengthen the ability for concentrating the pancreatic juice, so as to keep body water. Compared with domestic rabbits, expression of AQP1 and AQP4 is lower in the pancreas of Yarkand hares, indicating that the level of water metabolism in the pancreas of Yarkand hares is lower than in domestic rabbits, which may be related to insufficient food.