芽胞杆菌对鱼池微生物群落代谢功能的影响

利用Biotog平板，以施用与不施用芽胞杆菌的鱼塘为研究对象，研究鱼塘水体与表泥不同空间的微生物群落代谢功能的差异。结果表明：芽胞杆菌提高了水体微生物群落代谢的平均活性，及对氨基酸类、胺类、羧酸类、聚合物及其它类碳源的利用能力，提高了水体微生物群落代谢的多样性（Shannon均度、Simpson指数、McIntosh均度差异显著）；两池表泥微生物群落代谢平均活性差异较小，对同一碳源的利用差异不大，芽胞杆菌显著提高了表泥的Simpson指数，但表泥的McIntosh指数显著低于对照池。总体而言，鱼塘施用芽胞杆菌，水体微生物群落代谢功能所受的影响大过表泥，芽胞杆菌通过提高水体微生物群落代谢活性，提高了水体微生物对有机污染物的降解能力，以此改善池塘的生态环境。

Influences of Bacillus on Metabolic Functions of Microbial Communities in Fishponds

Fishponds applied with and without Bacillus were taken as research objects to study the differences of metabolic functions of microbial communities (MFMC) of different spaces in the fishpond waters and surface sludge using Biolog plate. The results showed that Bacillus improve the average activities of microbial communities metabolism (AAMCM) in the waters, as well as the utilization of carbon sources such as amino acids, amines, carboxylic acids, polymers and other carbon sources. The diversity of microbial communities metabolism (MCM) of the waters was improved (the differences of Shannon evenness, Simpson index, and McIntosh evenness were significant); and the differences of AAMCM of surface sludge in the two ponds were fairly small, and the difference of utilization the same carbon source was insignificant. Bacillus significantly improved the Simpson index of surface sludge; however, the McIntosh index of surface sludge was significantly lower than the control ponds. In brief, fishponds applied with Bacillus the influence of its waters' MFMC was greater than surface sludge, Bacillus improved the microbial degradable capability in the waters against organic pollutants though the improvement of MCM activities in the waters to better the ecological environment in ponds.